Sharh Riyad as-Saliheen by Ibn Uthaymeen — Volume 1 (شرح رياض الصالحين) — Page 109

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

شَرْحُ رِيَاضِ الصَّالِحِينَ مِنْ كَلَامِ سَيِّدِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ

(from previous page) ⟵ But when it was due to a mistake from extreme joy, he made a mistake and could not speak - he became blameless.

كَلِمَةَ كُفْرٍ، فَإِنَّهُ لَا يُؤَاخَذُ بِهَا، وَكَذَلِكَ غَيْرُهَا مِنَ الْكَلِمَاتِ؛ لَوْ سَبَّ أَحَدًا عَلَى وَجْهِ الْخَطَأِ بِدُونِ قَصْدٍ، أَوْ طَلَّقَ زَوْجَتَهُ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْخَطَأِ بِدُونِ قَصْدٍ، أَوْ أَعْتَقَ عَبْدَهُ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْخَطَأِ بِدُونِ قَصْدٍ؛ فَكُلُّ هَذَا لَا يَتَرَتَّبُ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ؛ لِأَنَّ الْإِنْسَانَ لَمْ يَقْصِدْهُ، فَهُوَ كَاللَّغْوِ فِي الْيَمِينِ، وَقَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَلَا يُؤَاخِذُكُمُ اللَّهُ بِاللَّغْوِ فِي أَيْمَنِكُمْ وَلَكِن يُؤَاخِذُكُم بِمَا كَسَبَتْ قُلُوبُكُمْ ﴾ [الْبَقَرَةُ: ٢٢٥]، بِخِلَافِ الْمُسْتَهْزِئِ، فَإِنَّ الْمُسْتَهْزِئَ يَكْفُرُ إِذَا قَالَ كَلِمَةَ الْكُفْرِ، وَلَوْ كَانَ مُسْتَهْزِئًا؛ لِقَوْلِ اللَّهِ سُبْحَانَهُ: ﴿ وَلَئِن سَأَلْتَهُمْ لَيَقُولُنَّ إِنَّمَا كُنَّا نَخُوضُ وَنَلْعَبُ قُلْ أَبِاللَّهِ وَءَايَاتِهِ، وَرَسُولِهِ كُنتُمْ تَسْتَهْزِءُونَ لَا تَعْتَذِرُوا قَدْ كَفَرْتُم بَعْدَ إِيمَانِكُمْ ﴾ [التَّوْبَةُ: ٦٥-٦٦]، فَالْمُسْتَهْزِئُ قَصَدَ الْكَلَامَ، وَقَصَدَ مَعْنَاهُ؛ لَكِنْ عَلَى سَبِيلِ السُّخْرِيَةِ وَالْهُزْءِ؛ فَلِذَلِكَ كَانَ كَافِرًا، بِخِلَافِ الْإِنْسَانِ الَّذِي لَمْ يَقْصِدْهُ؛ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يُعْتَبَرُ قَوْلُهُ شَيْئًا.

A person is not held accountable for uttering a word of disbelief if it was unintentional. The same applies to other slips of the tongue. If someone insults another by mistake, divorces his wife without intending to, or frees a slave accidentally, there are no legal consequences because he did not mean it. This is like an idle oath. Allah the Almighty says: 'Allah will not impose blame upon you for what is unintentional in your oaths, but He will impose blame upon you for what your hearts have earned' [Al-Baqarah: 225]. This differs from a mocker, who becomes a disbeliever upon uttering a word of disbelief, even if he claims he was only joking. Allah, Glory be to Him, says: 'And if you ask them, they will surely say, "We were only conversing and playing." Say, "Is it Allah and His verses and His Messenger that you were mocking?" Make no excuse; you have disbelieved after your belief' [At-Tawbah: 65-66]. The mocker intends both the speech and its meaning, albeit in a spirit of ridicule; therefore, he is a disbeliever. This is unlike the person who did not intend his words, for his statement carries no weight.

وَهَذَا مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَاللَّهُ الْمُوَفِّقُ. ١٦ -

This is part of the mercy of Allah, the Almighty and Majestic. Allah is the Grantor of success.

…4 more translated lines, 16 more verbs and 32 more nouns on this page — subscribe to study every page.

Vocabulary · المفردات (19 verbs · 35 nouns)

• صَلَّى — to pray
• أَخَذَ — to hold accountable
• سَبَّ — to insult
• شَرْحٌ — explanation
• رَوْضَةٌ — garden
• صَالِحٌ — righteous man