Sharh Qatr an-Nada by Ibn Hisham (شرح قطر الندى وبل الصدى) — Page 396

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

أَحَدُهَا : الْمَقَادِيرُ ، وَهِيَ عِبَارَةٌ عَنْ ثَلَاثَةِ أُمُورٍ : الْمِسَاحَاتُ كَـ « جَرِيبٍ نَخْلًا » وَالْكَيْلُ ، كَـ « صَاعٍ تَمْرًا » ، وَالْوَزْنُ ، كَـ « مَنَوَيْنِ عَسَلًا

The first category is measurements, which comprises three types: area, such as a jarib of palm trees; volume, such as a sa' of dates; and weight, such as two manns of honey.

الثَّانِي : الْعَدَدُ ، كَأَحَدَ عَشَرَ دِرْهَمًا ، وَمِنْهُ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى : ﴿ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ أَحَدَ عَشَرَ كَوْكَبًا ﴾ ، وَهَكَذَا حُكْمُ الْأَعْدَادِ مِنَ الْأَحَدَ عَشَرَ إِلَى التِّسْعَةِ وَالتِّسْعِينَ ، وَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى : ﴿ إِنَّ هَذَا أَخِي لَهُ تِسْعٌ وَتِسْعُونَ نَعْجَةً ﴾ وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ : « إِنَّ لِلَّهِ تِسْعَةً وَتِسْعِينَ اسْمًا » ، وَفُهِمَ مِنْ عَطْفِي فِي الْمُقَدِّمَةِ الْعَدَدَ عَلَى الْمَقَادِيرِ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنْ جُمْلَتِهَا ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ أَكْثَرِ الْمُحَقِّقِينَ ؛ لِأَنَّ الْمُرَادَ بِالْمَقَادِيرِ مَا لَمْ تُرَدْ حَقِيقَتُهُ ، بَلْ مِقْدَارُهُ ، حَتَّى إِنَّهُ تَصِحُّ إِضَافَةُ الْمِقْدَارِ إِلَيْهِ ، وَلَيْسَ الْعَدَدُ كَذَلِكَ ، أَلَا تَرَى أَنَّكَ تَقُولُ : عِنْدِي مِقْدَارُ رِطْلٍ زَيْتًا ، وَلَا تَقُولُ : عِنْدِي مِقْدَارُ عِشْرِينَ رَجُلًا ، إِلَّا عَلَى مَعْنًى آخَرَ

The second category is number, such as eleven dirhams. This is illustrated by the Almighty’s words: 'I saw eleven stars.' The same rule applies to numbers from eleven to ninety-nine, as in the Almighty’s words: 'This is my brother; he has ninety-nine ewes,' and the Hadith: 'God has ninety-nine names.' By distinguishing numbers from measurements in my introduction, I imply that they are separate, a view held by most scholars. Measurements refer not to the object itself, but to its quantity, which is why it is grammatically correct to attribute a quantity to them. Numbers do not function this way. You can say, 'I have a quantity of a ratl of oil,' but you cannot say, 'I have a quantity of twenty men,' unless you intend a different meaning entirely.

يُطْلَقُ لَفْظُ « مِقْدَارٍ » عَلَى وَاحِدٍ مِنْ ثَلَاثَةِ أُمُورٍ : الْأَوَّلُ : أَنْ يَكُونَ مَصْدَرًا بِمَعْنَى التَّقْدِيرِ ، وَلَيْسَ هَذَا مُرَادًا هُنَا

The term 'quantity' (miqdar) can refer to one of three things. First, it may be an infinitive meaning 'estimation,' though that is not the intended meaning here.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (12 verbs · 41 nouns)

• رَأَى — to see
• قَالَ — to say
• فَهِمَ — to understand
• أَحَدٌ — one
• مِقْدَارٌ — amount
• عِبَارَةٌ — expression