Sharh Qatr an-Nada by Ibn Hisham (شرح قطر الندى وبل الصدى) — Page 146

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

تَعَالَى : ﴿ قُلْ تَعَالَوْا أَتْلُ ﴾ تَقَدَّمَ الطَّلَبُ وَهُوَ « تَعَالَوْا » وَتَأَخَّرَ الْمُضَارِعُ الْمُجَرَّدُ مِنَ الْفَاءِ وَهُوَ ( أَتْلُ ) وَقُصِدَ بِهِ الْجَزَاءُ ؛ إِذِ الْمَعْنَى تَعَالَوْا فَإِنْ تَأْتُوا أَتْلُ عَلَيْكُمْ ؛ فَالتِّلَاوَةُ عَلَيْهِمْ مُسَبَّبَةٌ عَنْ مَجِيئِهِمْ فَلِذَلِكَ جُزِمَ وَعَلَامَةُ جَزْمِهِ حَذْفُ آخِرِهِ - وَهُوَ الْوَاوُ - وَقَوْلُ الشَّاعِرِ : قِفَا نَبْكِ مِنْ ذِكْرَى حَبِيبٍ وَمَنْزِلِ بِسِقْطِ اللِّوَى بَيْنَ الدَّخُولِ فَحَوْمَلِ

The Almighty says: "Say, come, I will recite." The request, "come," appears first, followed by the jussive verb "I will recite," which lacks the particle 'fa' because it functions as a consequence. The meaning is: "Come, and if you come, I will recite to you." The recitation is a result of their arrival, which is why the verb is in the jussive mood, marked by the omission of its final letter, the waw. The poet says: "Stop, let us weep at the memory of a beloved and a dwelling, at Siqt al-Liwa between al-Dakhul and Hawmal."

هَذَا الْبَيْتُ لِامْرِئِ الْقَيْسِ بْنِ حُجْرٍ الْكِنْدِيِّ ، أَحَدِ شُعَرَاءِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ ، وَهُوَ مَطْلَعُ مُعَلَّقَتِهِ الْمَشْهُورَةِ

This verse belongs to Imru' al-Qays ibn Hujr al-Kindi, a pre-Islamic poet, and serves as the opening line of his famous Mu'allaqah.

اللُّغَةُ : ( قِفَا ) أَمْرٌ مِنَ الْوُقُوفِ ، خَاطَبَ بِهِ اثْنَيْنِ كَانَا يَسِيرَانِ مَعَهُ ، أَوْ خَاطَبَ بِهِ وَاحِدًا فَنَزَّلَهُ مَنْزِلَةَ اثْنَيْنِ ؛ لِجَرَيَانِ عَادَةِ الْعَرَبِ عَلَى أَنْ تَكُونَ الرِّفْقَةُ ثَلَاثَةً فَمَا فَوْقُ ، أَوْ خَاطَبَ بِهِ وَاحِدًا وَهَذِهِ الْأَلِفُ لَيْسَتْ ضَمِيرًا ، وَإِنَّمَا هِيَ مُنْقَلِبَةٌ عَنْ نُونِ التَّوْكِيدِ الْخَفِيفَةِ إِجْرَاءً لِلْوَصْلِ مَجْرَى الْوَقْفِ

Language: 'Qifa' is an imperative derived from standing. He addresses two companions traveling with him, or perhaps one person whom he treats as two, following the Arab custom of traveling in groups of three or more. Alternatively, he addresses one person, and the alif is not a pronoun but a transformation of the light emphatic nun, treating the connection as a pause.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (28 verbs · 73 nouns)

• تَعَالَى — to come
• قَالَ — to say
• تَلَا — to recite
• طَلَبٌ — request
• مُضَارِعٌ — present tense verb
• جَزَاءٌ — reward