Sharh Qatr an-Nada by Ibn Hisham (شرح قطر الندى وبل الصدى) — Page 104

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

الْعِلْمِيَّةُ ، فَدَخَلَ فِي بَابِ مَا يَنْصَرِفُ ، وَلَيْسَ الْكَلَامُ فِيهِ ، بِخِلَافِ « أَفْضَلَ » ؛ فَإِنَّ مَانِعَهُ مِنَ الصَّرْفِ الصِّفَةُ وَوَزْنُ الْفِعْلِ ، وَهُمَا مَوْجُودَانِ فِيهِ أَضَفْتَهُ أَمْ لَمْ تُضِفْهُ ، وَكَذَلِكَ تَمْثِيلِي بِالْأَفْضَلِ أَوْلَى مِنْ تَمْثِيلِ بَعْضِهِمْ بِقَوْلِهِ : رَأَيْتُ الْوَلِيدَ بْنَ الْيَزِيدِ مُبَارَكًا شَدِيدًا بِأَعْبَاءِ الْخِلَافَةِ كَاهِلُهُ

This falls under the category of nouns that are fully declinable, which is not our concern here. Unlike the word 'afḍal', which is prevented from full declension by its adjectival nature and verb-like pattern—features that remain whether the word is in a genitive construction or not. My use of 'al-afḍal' as an example is more appropriate than the example some others provide: 'I saw al-Walīd ibn al-Yazīd, blessed and strong of shoulder to bear the burdens of the Caliphate.'

هَذَا الْبَيْتُ مِنْ كَلَامِ ابْنِ مَيَّادَةَ ، وَاسْمُهُ الرَّمَّاحُ بْنُ أَبْرَدَ بْنِ ثَوْبَانَ ، وَمَيَّادَةُ : اسْمُ أُمِّهِ ، وَهُوَ أَحَدُ الشُّعَرَاءِ الْمُقَدَّمِينَ الْفُصَحَاءِ الْمُحْتَجِّ بِشِعْرِهِمْ ، وَالْبَيْتُ مِنْ قَصِيدَةٍ لَهُ يَمْدَحُ فِيهَا أَبَا الْعَبَّاسِ الْوَلِيدَ بْنَ يَزِيدَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ مَرْوَانَ ، وَقَدِ اسْتَشْهَدَ بِهَذَا الْبَيْتِ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنَ النُّحَاةِ ، مِنْهُمُ الْمُؤَلِّفُ فِي كِتَابِهِ « أَوْضَحُ الْمَسَالِكِ » وَقَدْ أَنْشَدَهُ فِيهِ مِرَارًا وَذَكَرَهُ السُّيُوطِيُّ فِي تَارِيخِ الْخُلَفَاءِ

This verse is by Ibn Mayyādah, whose name was al-Rammāḥ ibn Abrad ibn Thawbān; Mayyādah was his mother's name. He was a prominent, eloquent poet whose work is cited as linguistic authority. The verse comes from a poem praising Abū al-ʿAbbās al-Walīd ibn Yazīd ibn ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān. Many grammarians have used this verse as evidence, including the author of 'Awḍaḥ al-Masālik', who quotes it repeatedly, as does al-Suyūṭī in his 'Tārīkh al-Khulafāʾ'.

اللُّغَةُ : ( أَعْبَاءُ الْخِلَافَةِ ) الْأَعْبَاءُ : جَمْعُ عِبْءٍ بِكَسْرِ الْعَيْنِ وَسُكُونِ الْبَاءِ وَآخِرُهُ هَمْزَةٌ - وَهُوَ الْحِمْلُ الَّذِي يَثْقُلُ عَلَيْكَ ، وَيُرْوَى فِي مَكَانِهِ ( بِأَحْنَاءِ الْخِلَافَةِ ) وَالْأَحْنَاءُ : جَمْعُ حِنْوٍ بِوَزْنِ عِبْءٍ - وَهُوَ نَاحِيَةُ الشَّيْءِ ، وَ « كَاهِلُهُ » أَصْلُ الْكَاهِلِ مَا بَيْنَ الْكَتِفَيْنِ ، وَيُكْنَى بِشِدَّةِ الْكَاهِلِ عَنِ الْقُوَّةِ وَعَظِيمِ التَّحَمُّلِ لِمَهَامِّ الْأُمُورِ

Language: 'Aʿbāʾ al-khilāfah' (burdens of the Caliphate). 'Aʿbāʾ' is the plural of 'ʿibʾ'—pronounced with a kasrah on the ʿayn, a sukūn on the bāʾ, and ending in a hamzah—meaning a heavy load. Some versions use 'bi-aḥnāʾ al-khilāfah' instead; 'aḥnāʾ' is the plural of 'ḥinw', following the same pattern as 'ʿibʾ', and refers to the sides or flanks of a thing. 'Kāhiluhu' refers to the area between the shoulders; a strong shoulder is a common expression for power and the ability to endure great responsibilities.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (19 verbs · 64 nouns)

• دَخَلَ — to enter
• انْصَرَفَ — to be declined
• أَضَافَ — to add
• عِلْمِيَّة — pertaining to knowledge
• بَاب — chapter
• كَلَام — speech