Sharh Kashf al-Shubuhat by Ibn Uthaymeen (شرح كشف الشبهات) — Page 17

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

فَأَوَّلُهُمْ نُوحٌ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، أَرْسَلَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ لَمَّا غَلَوْا أَنْ لَا تَعْبُدُوا إِلَّا اللَّهَ،

The first of them was Noah, peace be upon him; Allah sent him to his people when they began to exceed their bounds, commanding them to worship none but Allah.

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَإِلَى عَادٍ أَخَاهُمْ هُودًا قَالَ يَا قَوْمِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ مَا لَكُمْ مِنْ إِلَهٍ غَيْرُهُ﴾،

Allah the Exalted says: 'To 'Aad We sent their brother Hud. He said, O my people, worship Allah; you have no god other than Him.'

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَإِلَى ثَمُودَ أَخَاهُمْ صَالِحًا قَالَ يَا قَوْمِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ مَا لَكُمْ مِنْ إِلَهٍ غَيْرُهُ﴾،

Allah the Exalted says: 'To Thamud We sent their brother Salih. He said, O my people, worship Allah; you have no god other than Him.'

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَإِلَى مَدْيَنَ أَخَاهُمْ شُعَيْبًا قَالَ يَا قَوْمِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ مَا لَكُمْ مِنْ إِلَهٍ غَيْرُهُ﴾.

Allah the Exalted says: 'To Madyan We sent their brother Shu'ayb. He said, O my people, worship Allah; you have no god other than Him.'

هَذَا حَقٌّ فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يُبْعَثْ قَبْلَ نُوحٍ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ رَسُولٌ،

This is true, as no messenger was sent before Noah, peace and blessings be upon him.

وَبِهَذَا نَعْلَمُ خَطَأَ الْمُؤَرِّخِينَ الَّذِينَ قَالُوا إِنَّ إِدْرِيسَ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ كَانَ قَبْلَ نُوحٍ؛

This clarifies the error of those historians who claimed that Idris, peace and blessings be upon him, lived before Noah.

لِأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ: ﴿إِنَّا أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ كَمَا أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَى نُوحٍ وَالنَّبِيِّينَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ﴾،

Allah the Exalted says: 'Indeed, We have revealed to you, as We revealed to Noah and the prophets after him.'

وَفِي الْحَدِيثِ الصَّحِيحِ فِي قِصَّةِ الشَّفَاعَةِ: «أَنَّ النَّاسَ يَأْتُونَ إِلَى نُوحٍ فَيَقُولُونَ لَهُ أَنْتَ أَوَّلُ رَسُولٍ أَرْسَلَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ»،

In the authentic hadith regarding the intercession, it is stated: 'People will come to Noah and say to him, You are the first messenger Allah sent to the earth.'

فَلَا رَسُولَ قَبْلَ نُوحٍ بِإِجْمَاعِ الْعُلَمَاءِ.

There was no messenger before Noah, according to the consensus of the scholars.

فَنُوحٌ أَوَّلُ الرُّسُلِ بِالْكِتَابِ وَالسُّنَّةِ وَالْإِجْمَاعِ.

Noah is the first of the messengers by the Book, the Sunnah, and consensus.

وَنُوحٌ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ أَحَدُ الرُّسُلِ الْخَمْسَةِ الَّذِينَ هُمْ أُولُو الْعَزْمِ،

Noah, peace and blessings be upon him, is one of the five messengers known as the possessors of steadfastness.

وَهُمْ: مُحَمَّدٌ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَإِبْرَاهِيمُ، وَمُوسَى، وَنُوحٌ، وَعِيسَى عَلَيْهِمُ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ،

These are Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, Ibrahim, Musa, Noah, and Isa, peace and blessings be upon them all.

وَقَدْ ذَكَرَهُمُ اللَّهُ فِي مَوْضِعَيْنِ مِنْ كِتَابِهِ فِي سُورَةِ الْأَحْزَابِ وَسُورَةِ الشُّورَى.

Allah mentions them in two places in His Book: in Surah Al-Ahzab and Surah Ash-Shura.

أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَرْسَلَ نُوحًا عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ لَمَّا وَقَعَ فِيهِمُ الْغُلُوُّ فِي الصَّالِحِينَ،

Allah sent Noah, peace and blessings be upon him, to his people when they began to show excessive devotion to the righteous.

وَقَدْ بَوَّبَ الْمُؤَلِّفُ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ - فِي كِتَابِ التَّوْحِيدِ عَلَى هَذِهِ الْمَسْأَلَةِ فَقَالَ: بَابُ مَا جَاءَ أَنَّ سَبَبَ كُفْرِ بَنِي آدَمَ وَتَرْكِهِمْ دِينَهُمْ هُوَ الْغُلُوُّ فِي الصَّالِحِينَ.

The author, may Allah have mercy on him, addressed this in Kitab at-Tawhid with the chapter: The cause of the disbelief of the children of Adam and their abandonment of their religion is excessive devotion to the righteous.

وَالْغُلُوُّ هُوَ: مُجَاوَزَةُ الْحَدِّ فِي التَّعَبُدِ وَالْعَمَلِ وَالثَّنَاءِ قَدْحًا أَوْ مَدْحًا،

Excessiveness means overstepping the limits in worship, deeds, and praise, whether in condemnation or commendation.

وَالْغُلُوُّ يَنْقَسِمُ إِلَى أَرْبَعَةِ أَقْسَامٍ.

This excessiveness is divided into four categories.

Vocabulary · المفردات (16 verbs · 43 nouns)

• أَرْسَلَ — to send
• غَلَا — to exceed limits
• عَبَدَ — to worship
• قَالَ — to say
• بَعَثَ — to send
• عَلِمَ — to know
• كَانَ — to be
• أَوْحَى — to reveal
• أَتَى — to come
• ذَكَرَ — to mention
• وَقَعَ — to fall
• بَوَّبَ — to create a chapter
• رَحِمَ — to have mercy
• جَاءَ — to come
• تَرَكَ — to leave
• انْقَسَمَ — to be divided
• أَوَّل — first
• سَلَام — peace
• قَوْم — people
• أَخ — brother
• إِلَه — deity
• حَقّ — truth
• رَسُول — messenger
• خَطَأ — error
• مُؤَرِّخ — historian
• نَبِيّ — prophet
• بَعْد — after
• حَدِيث — narration
• صَحِيح — authentic
• قِصَّة — story
• شَفَاعَة — intercession
• نَاس — people
• أَرْض — earth
• إِجْمَاع — consensus
• عَالِم — scholar
• كِتَاب — book
• سُنَّة — tradition
• خَمْسَة — five
• عَزْم — determination
• مَوْضِع — place
• سُورَة — chapter
• غُلُوّ — excessiveness
• صَالِح — righteous person
• مُؤَلِّف — author
• تَوْحِيد — monotheism
• مَسْأَلَة — issue
• بَاب — chapter
• سَبَب — cause
• كُفْر — disbelief
• دِين — religion
• مُجَاوَزَة — exceeding
• حَدّ — limit
• تَعَبُّد — worship
• عَمَل — action
• ثَنَاء — praise
• قَدْح — criticism
• مَدْح — praise
• أَرْبَعَة — four
• قِسْم — part