Sharh Kashf al-Shubuhat by Ibn Uthaymeen (شرح كشف الشبهات) — Page 16

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

وَهُوَ دِينُ الرُّسُلِ الَّذِينَ أَرْسَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِهِ إِلَى عِبَادِهِ.

It is the religion of the messengers whom Allah sent with it to His servants.

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: تَبَارَكَ الَّذِي بِيَدِهِ الْمُلْكُ وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ، وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: أَلَا لَهُ الْخَلْقُ وَالْأَمْرُ تَبَارَكَ اللَّهُ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ.

The Exalted said: 'Blessed is He in whose hand is the dominion, and He is over all things competent,' and the Exalted said: 'Unquestionably, His is the creation and the command; blessed is Allah, Lord of the worlds.'

الثَّانِي: تَوْحِيدُ الْأُلُوهِيَّةِ وَهُوَ إِفْرَادُ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى بِالْعِبَادَةِ بِأَنْ لَا يَتَّخِذَ اللَّهَ أَحَدًا يَعْبُدُهُ كَمَا يَعْبُدُ اللَّهَ أَوْ يَتَقَرَّبُ إِلَيْهِ كَمَا يَتَقَرَّبُ إِلَى الْإِنْسَانِ مَعَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى.

The second: Tawhid al-Uluhiyyah (Oneness of Worship), which is to single out Allah the Exalted in worship, such that one does not take anyone to worship as they worship Allah, nor seek nearness to him as one seeks nearness to a human alongside Allah the Exalted.

الثَّالِثُ: تَوْحِيدُ الْأَسْمَاءِ وَالصِّفَاتِ وَهُوَ إِفْرَادُ اللَّهِ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى بِأَسْمَائِهِ وَصِفَاتِهِ الْوَارِدَةِ فِي كِتَابِهِ وَسُنَّةِ رَسُولِهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَذَلِكَ بِإِثْبَاتِ مَا أَثْبَتَهُ، وَنَفْيِ مَا نَفَاهُ مِنْ غَيْرِ تَحْرِيفٍ، وَلَا تَعْطِيلٍ، وَمِنْ غَيْرِ تَكْيِيفٍ، وَلَا تَمْثِيلٍ.

The third: Tawhid al-Asma' wa al-Sifat (Oneness of Names and Attributes), which is to single out Allah, Glorified and Exalted be He, with His names and attributes that are mentioned in His Book and the Sunnah of His Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, by affirming what He affirmed and denying what He denied, without distortion, without negation, and without assigning modality or likening Him to His creation.

مُرَادُ الشَّيْخِ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى - هُنَا تَوْحِيدُ الْأُلُوهِيَّةِ فَهُوَ دِينُ الرُّسُلِ فَكُلُّهُمْ أُرْسِلُوا بِهَذَا الْأَصْلِ الَّذِي هُوَ التَّوْحِيدُ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: وَلَقَدْ بَعَثْنَا فِي كُلِّ أُمَّةٍ رَسُولًا أَنِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَاجْتَنِبُوا الطَّاغُوتَ وَقَالَ تَعَالَى: وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولٍ إِلَّا نُوحِي إِلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا أَنَا فَاعْبُدُونِ

The intent of the Sheikh—may Allah the Exalted have mercy on him—here is Tawhid al-Uluhiyyah, for it is the religion of the messengers; all of them were sent with this foundation, which is Tawhid, as Allah the Exalted said: 'And We certainly sent into every nation a messenger, [saying], "Worship Allah and avoid Taghut (false deities),"' and the Exalted said: 'And We sent not before you any messenger except that We revealed to him that, "There is no deity except Me, so worship Me."

وَهَذَا النَّوْعُ هُوَ الَّذِي ضَلَّ فِيهِ الْمُشْرِكُونَ الَّذِينَ قَاتَلَهُمُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَاسْتَبَاحَ دِمَاءَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ، وَأَرْضَهُمْ وَدِيَارَهُمْ وَسَبَى نِسَاءَهُمْ وَذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ.

This is the type in which the polytheists went astray, those whom the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, fought, and whose blood, wealth, land, and homes he declared permissible, and whose women and children he took as captives.

وَمَنْ أَخَلَّ بِهَذَا التَّوْحِيدِ فَهُوَ مُشْرِكٌ كَافِرٌ وَإِنْ أَقَرَّ بِتَوْحِيدِ الرُّبُوبِيَّةِ وَالْأَسْمَاءِ وَالصِّفَاتِ.

Whoever fails to uphold this Tawhid is a polytheist and a disbeliever, even if he acknowledges Tawhid al-Rububiyyah (Oneness of Lordship) and the Names and Attributes.

فَإِفْرَادُ اللَّهِ وَحْدَهُ بِالْعِبَادَةِ هُوَ دِينُ الرُّسُلِ الَّذِينَ أَرْسَلَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِهِ إِلَى عِبَادِهِ كَمَا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ - رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ - فَهَا هُوَ أَوَّلُ الرُّسُلِ نُوحٌ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يَقُولُ كَمَا حَكَى اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا نُوحًا إِلَى قَوْمِهِ إِنِّي لَكُمْ نَذِيرٌ.

Singling out Allah alone for worship is the religion of the messengers whom Allah sent with it to His servants, as the Sheikh—may Allah have mercy on him—said; for here is the first of the messengers, Noah, peace be upon him, saying as Allah related about him: 'And We had certainly sent Noah to his people, [saying], "Indeed, I am to you a clear warner."

Vocabulary · المفردات (22 verbs · 48 nouns)

• أَرْسَلَ — to send
• قَالَ — to say
• تَبَارَكَ — to be blessed
• اتَّخَذَ — to take
• عَبَدَ — to worship
• تَقَرَّبَ — to draw near
• وَرَدَ — to arrive
• صَلَّى — to pray
• سَلَّمَ — to greet
• أَثْبَتَ — to affirm
• نَفَى — to negate
• رَحِمَ — to have mercy
• بَعَثَ — to send
• اجْتَنَبَ — to avoid
• أَوْحَى — to reveal
• ضَلَّ — to go astray
• قَاتَلَ — to fight
• اسْتَبَاحَ — to deem permissible
• سَبَى — to take captive
• أَخَلَّ — to neglect
• أَقَرَّ — to acknowledge
• حَكَى — to narrate
• دِينٌ — religion
• رَسُولٌ — messenger
• عَبْدٌ — servant
• يَدٌ — hand
• مُلْكٌ — sovereignty
• شَيْءٌ — thing
• قَدِيرٌ — omnipotent
• خَلْقٌ — creation
• أَمْرٌ — command
• رَبٌّ — lord
• عَالَمٌ — world
• تَوْحِيدٌ — monotheism
• أُلُوهِيَّةٌ — divinity
• إِفْرَادٌ — singling out
• عِبَادَةٌ — worship
• أَحَدٌ — anyone
• إِنْسَانٌ — human
• اسْمٌ — name
• صِفَةٌ — attribute
• وَارِدٌ — mentioned
• كِتَابٌ — book
• سُنَّةٌ — tradition
• إِثْبَاتٌ — affirmation
• نَفْيٌ — negation
• تَحْرِيفٌ — distortion
• تَعْطِيلٌ — denial
• تَكْيِيفٌ — modalization
• تَمْثِيلٌ — likening
• مُرَادٌ — intended meaning
• شَيْخٌ — sheikh
• أَصْلٌ — foundation
• أُمَّةٌ — nation
• طَاغُوتٌ — false deity
• نَوْعٌ — type
• مُشْرِكٌ — polytheist
• نَبِيٌّ — prophet
• دَمٌ — blood
• مَالٌ — wealth
• أَرْضٌ — land
• دَارٌ — abode
• نِسَاءٌ — women
• ذُرِّيَّةٌ — offspring
• كَافِرٌ — disbeliever
• رُبُوبِيَّةٌ — lordship
• أَوَّلٌ — first
• سَلَامٌ — peace
• قَوْمٌ — people
• نَذِيرٌ — warner