Sharh Ibn Aqil on Alfiyyat Ibn Malik — Volume 4 (شرح ابن عقيل على ألفية ابن مالك) — Page 260

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

تَكْمِلَةٌ : فِي تَصْرِيفِ الْأَفْعَالِ

Supplement: On Verb Conjugation.

وَلِمَزِيدِ الثُّلَاثِيِّ بِحَرْفَيْنِ خَمْسَةُ أَبْنِيَةٍ ، الْأَوَّلُ : انْفَعَلَ - بِزِيَادَةِ هَمْزَةِ وَصْلٍ وَنُونٍ قَبْلَ الْفَاءِ - نَحْوَ : انْكَسَرَ وَانْشَعَبَ ، وَالثَّانِي : افْتَعَلَ - بِزِيَادَةِ هَمْزَةِ وَصْلٍ قَبْلَ الْفَاءِ وَتَاءٍ بَيْنَ الْفَاءِ وَالْعَيْنِ - نَحْوَ : اجْتَمَعَ وَاتَّصَلَ ، وَالثَّالِثُ : افْعَلَّ - بِزِيَادَةِ هَمْزَةِ وَصْلٍ قَبْلَ الْفَاءِ ، وَتَضْعِيفِ اللَّامِ نَحْوَ : احْمَرَّ وَاصْفَرَّ ، وَالرَّابِعُ : تَفَعَّلَ - بِزِيَادَةِ تَاءٍ قَبْلَ الْفَاءِ ، وَتَضْعِيفِ الْعَيْنِ - نَحْوَ : تَقَدَّمَ وَتَصَدَّى وَالْخَامِسُ : تَفَاعَلَ - بِزِيَادَةِ تَاءٍ قَبْلَ فَائِهِ ، وَأَلِفٍ بَيْنَ الْفَاءِ وَالْعَيْنِ - نَحْوَ : تَقَاتَلَ وَتَخَاصَمَ

(4) Triliteral verbs increased by two letters have five patterns. First: Infa'ala, formed by adding a hamzat wasl and a nun before the fa, as in inkasara and insha'aba. Second: Ifta'ala, formed by adding a hamzat wasl before the fa and a ta between the fa and the 'ayn, as in ijtama'a and ittasala. Third: If'alla, formed by adding a hamzat wasl before the fa and doubling the lam, as in ihmarra and isfarra. Fourth: Tafa'ala, formed by adding a ta before the fa and doubling the 'ayn, as in taqaddama and tasadda. Fifth: Tafa'ala, formed by adding a ta before the fa and an alif between the fa and the 'ayn, as in taqatala and takhasama.

وَلِمَزِيدِ الثُّلَاثِيِّ بِثَلَاثَةِ أَحْرُفٍ أَرْبَعَةُ أَبْنِيَةٍ ، الْأَوَّلُ : اسْتَفْعَلَ - بِزِيَادَةِ هَمْزَةِ الْوَصْلِ وَالسِّينِ وَالتَّاءِ قَبْلَ الْفَاءِ - نَحْوَ : اسْتَغْفَرَ وَاسْتَقَامَ ، وَالثَّانِي : افْعَوْعَلَ بِزِيَادَةِ هَمْزَةِ الْوَصْلِ قَبْلَ الْفَاءِ ، وَتَضْعِيفِ الْعَيْنِ ، وَزِيَادَةِ وَاوٍ بَيْنَ الْعَيْنَيْنِ نَحْوَ : اغْدَوْدَنَ وَاعْشَوْشَبَ ، وَالثَّالِثُ : افْعَوَّلَ - بِزِيَادَةِ هَمْزَةِ الْوَصْلِ قَبْلَ الْفَاءِ ، وَوَاوٍ مُشَدَّدَةٍ بَيْنَ الْعَيْنِ وَاللَّامِ - نَحْوَ : اجْلَوَّذَ وَاعْلَوَّطَ (١) ، وَالرَّابِعُ : افْعَالَّ بِزِيَادَةِ هَمْزَةِ الْوَصْلِ قَبْلَ الْفَاءِ ، وَأَلِفٍ بَعْدَ الْعَيْنِ ، وَتَضْعِيفِ اللَّامِ - نَحْوَ : احْمَارَّ وَاعْوَارَّ

(5) Triliteral verbs increased by three letters have four patterns. First: Istaf'ala, formed by adding a hamzat wasl, a sin, and a ta before the fa, as in istaghfara and istaqama. Second: If'aw'ala, formed by adding a hamzat wasl before the fa, doubling the 'ayn, and adding a waw between the two 'ayns, as in ighdawdana and i'shawshaba. Third: If'awwala, formed by adding a hamzat wasl before the fa and a doubled waw between the 'ayn and the lam, as in ijlawwadha and i'lawwata (1). Fourth: If'alla, formed by adding a hamzat wasl before the fa, an alif after the 'ayn, and doubling the lam, as in ihmarra and i'warra.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (34 verbs · 37 nouns)

• صَرَّفَ — to conjugate
• انْكَسَرَ — to be broken
• انْشَعَبَ — to branch out
• تَكْمِلَة — supplement
• فِعْل — verb
• مَزِيد — augmented