Sharh Ibn Aqil on Alfiyyat Ibn Malik — Volume 4 (شرح ابن عقيل على ألفية ابن مالك) — Page 172

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

إِذَا وُقِفَ عَلَى الْمَنْقُوصِ الْمُنَوَّنِ ؛ فَإِنْ كَانَ مَنْصُوباً أُبْدِلَ مِنْ تَنْوِينِهِ أَلِفٌ ، نَحْوَ : رَأَيْتُ قَاضِياً ، وَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ مَنْصُوباً فَالْمُخْتَارُ الْوَقْفُ عَلَيْهِ بِالْحَذْفِ ، إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ مَحْذُوفَ الْعَيْنِ أَوِ الْفَاءِ ، كَمَا سَيَأْتِي ؛ فَتَقُولُ : هَذَا قَاضٍ ، وَمَرَرْتُ بِقَاضٍ ، وَيَجُوزُ الْوَقْفُ عَلَيْهِ بِإِثْبَاتِ الْيَاءِ كَقِرَاءَةِ ابْنِ كَثِيرٍ : وَلِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ هَادٍ

When pausing on a nunated defective noun in the accusative case, replace the nunation with an alif, as in: ra'aytu qadiyan (I saw a judge). If it is not in the accusative, the preferred way to pause is by eliding the final letter, unless the noun has had its middle or first radical elided, as will be explained. Thus, you say: hadha qadin (this is a judge) and marartu bi-qadin (I passed by a judge). It is also permissible to pause by retaining the ya', as in the recitation of Ibn Kathir: wa-li-kulli qawmin hadin (and for every people there is a guide).

فَإِنْ كَانَ الْمَنْقُوصُ مَحْذُوفَ الْعَيْنِ : كَمُرٍ - اسْمُ فَاعِلٍ مِنْ أَرَى - أَوِ الْفَاءِ كَتِيفٍ - عَلَماً - لَمْ يُوقَفْ إِلَّا بِإِثْبَاتِ الْيَاءِ ؛ فَنَقُولُ : هَذَا مَرِيٌّ ، وَهَذَا تَفِيٌّ ، وَإِلَيْهِ أَشَارَ بِقَوْلِهِ : وَفِي نَحْوِ مَرٍّ لُزُومُ رَدِّ الْيَا اقْتَفَى

If the defective noun has had its middle radical elided, like marr (the active participle of ara), or its first radical elided, like tif (as a proper name), you must pause by retaining the ya'. We say: hadha mariyyun and hadha tafiyyun. The author refers to this in his verse: 'In the likes of marr, the necessity of returning the ya' is followed.'

فَإِنْ كَانَ الْمَنْقُوصُ غَيْرَ مُنَوَّنٍ ؛ فَإِنْ كَانَ مَنْصُوباً ثَبَتَتْ يَاؤُهُ سَاكِنَةً ، نَحْوَ : رَأَيْتُ الْقَاضِيَ ، وَإِنْ كَانَ مَرْفُوعاً أَوْ مَجْرُوراً جَازَ إِثْبَاتُ الْيَاءِ وَحَذْفُهَا ، وَالْإِثْبَاتُ أَجْوَدُ ، نَحْوَ : هَذَا الْقَاضِي ، وَمَرَرْتُ بِالْقَاضِي

If the defective noun is not nunated and is in the accusative case, its ya' remains quiescent, as in: ra'aytu al-qadiya (I saw the judge). If it is in the nominative or genitive case, you may either retain or elide the ya', though retention is better, as in: hadha al-qadi (this is the judge) and marartu bi-al-qadi (I passed by the judge).

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Vocabulary · المفردات (17 verbs · 48 nouns)

• وَقَفَ — to stop
• أَبْدَلَ — to replace
• رَأَى — to see
• مَنْقُوص — defective
• تَنْوِين — nunation
• أَلِف — alif