Sharh Ibn Aqil on Alfiyyat Ibn Malik — Volume 3 (شرح ابن عقيل على ألفية ابن مالك) — Page 170

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

وَاخْتُلِفَ فِي إِعْرَابِهَا ؛ فَذَهَبَ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْفَارِسِيُّ فِي الْبَغْدَادِيَّاتِ ، وَابْنُ بُرْهَانَ ، وَابْنُ خَرُوفٍ - وَزَعَمَ أَنَّهُ مَذْهَبُ سِيبَوَيْهِ ، وَأَنَّ مَنْ نَقَلَ عَنْهُ غَيْرَهُ فَقَدْ أَخْطَأَ عَلَيْهِ - وَاخْتَارَهُ الْمُصَنِّفُ ، إِلَى أَنَّ « حَبَّ » فِعْلٌ مَاضٍ ، وَ « ذَا » فَاعِلُهُ ، وَأَمَّا الْمَخْصُوصُ فَجُوِّزَ أَنْ يَكُونَ مُبْتَدَأً ، وَالْجُمْلَةُ قَبْلَهُ خَبَرُهُ ، وَجُوِّزَ أَنْ يَكُونَ خَبَراً لِمُبْتَدَإٍ مَحْذُوفٍ ، وَتَقْدِيرُهُ : « هُوَ زَيْدٌ » أَيْ : الْمَمْدُوحُ أَوِ الْمَذْمُومُ زَيْدٌ

(from previous page) ⟵ As for 'idha', it is an adverb containing the meaning of a condition; 'dhukirat' (is mentioned), 'dhukira' is a passive past verb, and there is a difference of opinion regarding its parsing; Abu Ali al-Farisi in al-Baghdadiyyat, Ibn Burhan, and Ibn Kharuf—who claimed it was the school of Sibawayh and that whoever reported otherwise from him was mistaken—and the author chose the view that 'habba' is a past verb and 'dha' is its subject, while as for the specified noun (al-makhsus), it is permitted to be a subject (mubtada') with the preceding sentence being its predicate, and it is also permitted to be a predicate for an omitted subject, with the estimation being: 'huwa Zayd', meaning: the praised or dispraised one is Zayd.

وَذَهَبَ الْمُبَرِّدُ فِي الْمُقْتَضَبِ ، وَابْنُ السَّرَّاجِ فِي الْأُصُولِ ، وَابْنُ هِشَامٍ اللَّخْمِيُّ - وَاخْتَارَهُ ابْنُ عُصْفُورٍ - إِلَى أَنَّ « حَبَّذَا » اسْمٌ ، وَهُوَ مُبْتَدَأٌ ، وَالْمَخْصُوصُ خَبَرُهُ ، أَوْ خَبَرٌ مُقَدَّمٌ ، وَالْمَخْصُوصُ مُبْتَدَأٌ مُؤَخَّرٌ ؛ فَرُكِّبَتْ « حَبَّ » مَعَ « ذَا » وَجُعِلَتَا اسْماً وَاحِداً

Al-Mubarrad in his Muqtadab, Ibn al-Sarraj in his Usul, and Ibn Hisham al-Lakhmi—a view favored by Ibn Usfur—argue that 'habbadha' is a single noun functioning as a subject, while the specified noun serves as its predicate, or vice versa, with the specified noun acting as a delayed subject. In this view, 'habba' and 'dha' are compounded into one noun.

وَالتَّاءُ لِلتَّأْنِيثِ ، نَائِبُ فَاعِلٍ ذُكِرَ ، وَالْجُمْلَةُ مِنَ الْفِعْلِ وَنَائِبِ الْفَاعِلِ فِي مَحَلِّ جَرٍّ بِإِضَافَةِ إِذَا ، فَلَا ، الْفَاءُ وَاقِعَةٌ فِي جَوَابِ إِذَا ، لَا : نَافِيَةٌ ، حَبَّذَا فِعْلٌ وَفَاعِلٌ وَالْجُمْلَةُ فِي مَحَلِّ رَفْعٍ خَبَرٌ مُقَدَّمٌ ، مُبْتَدَأٌ مُؤَخَّرٌ ، وَجُمْلَةُ الْمُبْتَدَإِ وَالْخَبَرِ لَا مَحَلَّ لَهَا مِنَ الْإِعْرَابِ جَوَابُ الشَّرْطِ غَيْرِ الْجَازِمِ ، وَجُمْلَةُ الشَّرْطِ وَجَوَابِهِ فِي مَحَلِّ رَفْعٍ خَبَرُ أَنَّ ، وَأَنَّ وَمَا دَخَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ فِي تَأْوِيلِ مَصْدَرٍ مَجْرُورٍ بِإِضَافَةِ غَيْرٍ إِلَيْهِ

The 'ta' indicates feminine gender and refers to a mentioned deputy subject. The clause containing the verb and its deputy subject is in the genitive case due to the annexation by 'idha'. Regarding 'fa-la', the 'fa' introduces the response to 'idha', while 'la' is a negative particle. 'Habbadha' functions as a verb and subject, with the clause in the nominative case as a fronted predicate for a delayed subject. This subject-predicate clause has no grammatical place as it is the response to a non-jussive conditional. The entire conditional structure is in the nominative case as the predicate of 'anna', and 'anna' along with its components is interpreted as a verbal noun in the genitive case due to the annexation of 'ghayr'.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (22 verbs · 55 nouns)

• اِخْتَلَفَ — to differ
• ذَهَبَ — to hold an opinion
• نَقَلَ — to transfer
• إِعْرَاب — parsing
• مَذْهَب — school of thought
• فِعْل — verb