Sharh Ibn Aqil on Alfiyyat Ibn Malik — Volume 2 (شرح ابن عقيل على ألفية ابن مالك) — Page 76

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

وَالْمُرَادُ بِشِبْهِ الْفِعْلِ الْمَذْكُورِ: اِسْمُ الْفَاعِلِ، نَحْوَ: «أَقَائِمٌ الزَّيْدَانِ»، وَالصِّفَةُ الْمُشَبَّهَةُ، نَحْوَ: «زَيْدٌ حَسَنٌ وَجْهُهُ»، وَالْمَصْدَرُ، نَحْوَ: «عَجِبْتُ مِنْ ضَرْبِ زَيْدٍ عَمْرًا»، وَاسْمُ الْفِعْلِ، نَحْوَ: «هَيْهَاتَ الْعَقِيقُ»، وَالظَّرْفُ وَالْجَارُّ وَالْمَجْرُورُ، نَحْوَ: «زَيْدٌ عِنْدَكَ» أَوْ «فِي الدَّارِ غُلَامَاهُ»، وَأَفْعَلُ التَّفْضِيلِ، نَحْوَ: «مَرَرْتُ بِالْأَفْضَلِ أَبُوهُ» فَأَبُوهُ: مَرْفُوعٌ بِالْأَفْضَلِ، وَإِلَى مَا ذُكِرَ أَشَارَ الْمُصَنِّفُ بِقَوْلِهِ: «كَمَرْفُوعَيْ أَتَى - إِلَخْ».

The term 'verb-like' refers to the following: the active participle, as in 'Are the two Zayds standing?'; the assimilated adjective, as in 'Zayd is handsome of face'; the verbal noun, as in 'I was amazed by Zayd hitting 'Amr'; the verb-noun, as in 'How far is Al-'Aqiq'; the adverb and the prepositional phrase, as in 'Zayd is with you' or 'In the house are his two servants'; and the superlative, as in 'I passed by the one whose father is the best,' where 'his father' is in the nominative case due to 'the best.' The author refers to these points in his statement: 'Like the two nominatives that came—etc.'

وَالْمُرَادُ بِالْمَرْفُوعَيْنِ مَا كَانَ مَرْفُوعًا بِالْفِعْلِ أَوْ بِمَا يُشْبِهُ الْفِعْلَ، كَمَا تَقَدَّمَ ذِكْرُهُ، وَمَثَّلَ لِلْمَرْفُوعِ بِالْفِعْلِ بِمِثَالَيْنِ: أَحَدُهُمَا مَا رُفِعَ بِفِعْلٍ مُتَصَرِّفٍ، نَحْوَ: «أَتَى زَيْدٌ» وَالثَّانِي مَا رُفِعَ بِفِعْلٍ غَيْرِ مُتَصَرِّفٍ، نَحْوَ: «نِعْمَ الْفَتَى» وَمَثَّلَ لِلْمَرْفُوعِ بِشِبْهِ الْفِعْلِ بِقَوْلِهِ: «مُنِيرًا وَجْهُهُ».

'The two nominatives' refers to what is put in the nominative case by a verb or a verb-like word, as previously mentioned. He provides two examples of the nominative governed by a verb: the first is a conjugated verb, such as 'Zayd came,' and the second is an unconjugated verb, such as 'Excellent is the young man.' He exemplifies the nominative governed by a verb-like word with his phrase: 'shining is his face.'

وَبَعْدَ فِعْلٍ فَاعِلٌ، فَإِنْ ظَهَرَ فَهُوَ، وَإِلَّا فَضَمِيرٌ اسْتَتَرَ.

A subject follows a verb; if it is explicit, it is so, otherwise it is a hidden pronoun.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (13 verbs · 46 nouns)

• أَشَارَ — to point out
• تَقَدَّمَ — to precede
• مَثَّلَ — to exemplify
• مُرَادٌ — intended meaning
• شِبْهٌ — resemblance
• فِعْلٌ — verb