Sharh Ibn Aqil on Alfiyyat Ibn Malik — Volume 2 (شرح ابن عقيل على ألفية ابن مالك) — Page 176

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

شَرْحُ ابْنِ عَقِيلٍ : الْجُزْءُ الثَّانِي

Sharh Ibn Aqil: Part Two.

قَوْلُكَ « ضَرْبًا زَيْدًا » مَصْدَرٌ مُؤَكِّدٌ ، وَعَامِلُهُ مَحْذُوفٌ وُجُوبًا ، كَمَا سَيَأْتِي – لَيْسَ بِصَحِيحٍ ) ، وَمَا اسْتَدَلَّ بِهِ عَلَى دَعْوَاهُ مِنْ وُجُوبِ حَذْفِ عَامِلِ الْمُؤَكِّدِ [ بِمَا سَيَأْتَى ] لَيْسَ مِنْهُ ، وَذَلِكَ لِأَنَّ « ضَرْبًا زَيْدًا » لَيْسَ مِنَ التَّأْكِيدِ فِي شَيْءٍ ، بَلْ هُوَ أَمْرٌ خَالٍ مِنَ التَّأْكِيدِ ، بِمَثَابَةِ ( اضْرِبْ زَيْدًا ) ، لِأَنَّهُ وَاقِعٌ مَوْقِعَهُ ، فَكَمَا أَنَّ « اضْرِبْ زَيْدًا » لَا تَأْكِيدَ فِيهِ كَذَلِكَ : « ضَرْبًا زَيْدًا » وَكَذَلِكَ جَمِيعُ الْأَمْثِلَةِ الَّتِي ذَكَرَهَا لَيْسَتْ مِنْ بَابِ التَّأْكِيدِ فِي شَيْءٍ ؛ لِأَنَّ الْمَصْدَرَ فِيهَا نَائِبٌ مَنَابَ الْعَامِلِ ، دَالٌّ عَلَى مَا يَدُلُّ عَلَيْهِ ، وَهُوَ عِوَضٌ مِنْهُ ، وَيَدُلُّ عَلَى ذَلِكَ عَدَمُ جَوَازِ الْجَمْعِ بَيْنَهُمَا ، وَلَا شَيْءَ مِنَ الْمُؤَكِّدَاتِ يَمْتَنِعُ الْجَمْعُ بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ الْمُؤَكَّدِ

Claiming that 'darban Zaidan' (striking Zaid) is an emphatic infinitive whose governing agent must be omitted is incorrect. The evidence provided for the necessity of omitting the agent in such emphatic constructions does not apply here. 'Darban Zaidan' is not an emphatic construction at all; it is a command devoid of emphasis, functioning exactly like 'idrib Zaidan' (strike Zaid). Since 'idrib Zaidan' contains no emphasis, neither does 'darban Zaidan'. The same applies to all the examples cited; they do not belong to the category of emphasis. In these cases, the infinitive acts as a substitute for the verb, conveying its meaning and serving as its replacement. This is proven by the fact that the two cannot be combined, whereas genuine emphatic elements can always be combined with the words they emphasize.

وَمِمَّا يَدُلُّ أَيْضًا عَلَى أَنَّ « ضَرْبًا زَيْدًا » وَنَحْوَهُ لَيْسَ مِنَ الْمَصْدَرِ الْمُؤَكِّدِ لِعَامِلِهِ أَنَّ الْمَصْدَرَ الْمُؤَكَّدَ لَا خِلَافَ فِي أَنَّهُ لَا يَعْمَلُ ، وَاخْتَلَفُوا فِي الْمَصْدَرِ الْوَاقِعِ مَوْقِعَ الْفِعْلِ : هَلْ يَعْمَلُ أَوْ لَا

Another indication that 'darban Zaidan' and similar phrases are not emphatic infinitives is that there is no disagreement regarding the fact that the emphatic infinitive does not act as a governor. However, scholars differ on whether an infinitive functioning as a verb acts as a governor.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (14 verbs · 33 nouns)

• شَرَحَ — to explain
• أَتَى — to come
• اِسْتَدَلَّ — to infer
• شَرْحٌ — explanation
• جُزْءٌ — part
• ثَانٍ — second