Sharh Ibn Aqil on Alfiyyat Ibn Malik — Volume 2 (شرح ابن عقيل على ألفية ابن مالك) — Page 124

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

إِذَا بُنِيَ الْفِعْلُ الْمُتَعَدِّي إِلَى مَفْعُولَيْنِ لِمَا لَمْ يُسَمَّ فَاعِلُهُ : فَإِمَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ مِنْ بَابِ «أَعْطَى» ، أَوْ مِنْ بَابِ «ظَنَّ».

(from previous page) ⟵ In the phrase 'fīmā', the preposition and the noun following it are connected to 'yanūbu'; 'iltibāsuhu' is the subject, where 'iltibās' is the subject and the pronoun 'hu' is in the genitive case; 'umina' is a passive past verb, and its deputy subject is a hidden pronoun referring back to 'iltibās', and the sentence consisting of 'umina' and its deputy subject is in the nominative case as the predicate of the subject, and the sentence of the subject and its predicate has no place in inflection as it is the relative clause of 'mā', which is in the genitive case because when a verb that takes two objects is made passive, it is either of the type of 'aʿṭā' or of the type of 'ẓanna'.

فَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ بَابِ «أَعْطَى» - وَهُوَ الْمُرَادُ بِهَذَا الْبَيْتِ - فَذَكَرَ الْمُصَنِّفُ أَنَّهُ يَجُوزُ إِقَامَةُ الْأَوَّلِ مِنْهُمَا وَكَذَلِكَ الثَّانِي ، بِالِاتِّفَاقِ ؛ فَتَقُولُ : «كُسِيَ زَيْدٌ جُبَّةً ، وَأُعْطِيَ عَمْرٌو دِرْهَمًا» ، وَإِنْ شِئْتَ أَقَمْتَ الثَّانِي ؛ فَتَقُولُ : «أُعْطِيَ عَمْرًا دِرْهَمٌ ، وَكُسِيَ زَيْدًا جُبَّةٌ».

If it belongs to the 'a'ta' category—the subject of this verse—the author states that either object may be promoted to the subject by consensus. Thus, you may say 'Kusiya Zaydun jubbah' (Zayd was clothed in a robe) and 'U'tiya 'Amrun dirhaman' (Amr was given a dirham). Alternatively, you may promote the second object, saying 'U'tiya 'Amran dirhamun' (A dirham was given to Amr) and 'Kusiya Zaydan jubbatun' (A robe was given to Zayd).

هَذَا إِنْ لَمْ يَحْصُلْ لَبْسٌ بِإِقَامَةِ الثَّانِي ، فَإِذَا حَصَلَ لَبْسٌ وَجَبَ إِقَامَةُ الْأَوَّلِ وَذَلِكَ نَحْوُ : «أَعْطَيْتُ زَيْدًا عَمْرًا» فَتَتَعَيَّنُ إِقَامَةُ الْأَوَّلِ فَتَقُولُ : «أُعْطِيَ زَيْدٌ عَمْرًا» ، وَلَا يَجُوزُ إِقَامَةُ الثَّانِي حِينَئِذٍ ؛ لِئَلَّا يَحْصُلَ لَبْسٌ ؛ لِأَنَّ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا يَصْلُحُ أَنْ يَكُونَ آخِذًا ، بِخِلَافِ الْأَوَّلِ.

This applies provided no ambiguity arises from promoting the second object. If ambiguity occurs, you must promote the first, as in 'A'taytu Zaydan 'Amran' (I gave Zayd to Amr). Here, you must promote the first, saying 'U'tiya Zaydun 'Amran' (Zayd was given to Amr). Promoting the second is impermissible in this case to avoid confusion, as either could potentially be the recipient, unlike the first.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (25 verbs · 42 nouns)

• بَنَى — to build
• سَمَّى — to name
• أَعْطَى — to give
• فِعْلٌ — verb
• مَفْعُولٌ — object
• بَابٌ — chapter