Sharh al-Arba'in al-Nawawiyya by Ibn Uthaymeen (شرح الأربعين النووية) — Page 361

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

الْحَدِيثُ الثَّالِثُ وَالثَّلَاثُونَ: لَوْ يُعْطَى النَّاسُ بِدَعْوَاهُمْ لَادَّعَى رِجَالٌ أَمْوَالًا نِصْفَيْنِ، أَمَّا الْكَبِيرَةُ فَوَافَقَتْ وَأَمَّا الصَّغِيرَةُ فَقَالَتْ: الْوَلَدُ وَلَدُهَا يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ، فَقَضَى بِهِ لِلصَّغِيرَةِ، لِأَنَّ هُنَا بَيِّنَةً وَهِيَ الْقَرِينَةُ الظَّاهِرَةُ الَّتِي تَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّ الْوَلَدَ لِلصَّغِيرَةِ لِأَنَّهَا أَدْرَكَتْهَا الشَّفَقَةُ وَقَالَتْ: كَوْنُهُ مَعَ كَبِيرَةٍ وَيَبْقَى فِي الْحَيَاةِ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ فَقْدِهِ الْحَيَاةَ، وَالْكَبِيرَةُ لَا يَهُمُّهَا هَذَا، لِأَنَّ وَلَدَهَا قَدْ أَكَلَهُ الذِّئْبُ.

The thirty-third Hadith: If people were given based on their claims, men would claim wealth and blood; however, the older woman agreed, while the younger one said: 'The child is hers, O Prophet of God,' so he judged in favor of the younger one, because there was evidence here, which is the manifest indication that points to the child belonging to the younger woman, because compassion overcame her and she said: 'His being with an older woman and remaining alive is dearer to me than his losing his life,' and the older woman did not care about this, because her child had been eaten by the wolf.

كَذَلِكَ قِصَّةُ يُوسُفَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ مَعَ امْرَأَةِ الْعَزِيزِ لَمَّا قَالَ الْحَاكِمُ: ﴿إِن كَانَ قَمِيصُهُ قُدَّ مِن قُبُلٍ فَصَدَقَتْ وَهُوَ مِنَ الْكَاذِبِينَ * وَإِن كَانَ قَمِيصُهُ قُدَّ مِن دُبُرٍ فَكَذَبَتْ وَهُوَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ * فَلَمَّا رَأَى قَمِيصَهُ قُدَّ مِن دُبُرٍ قَالَ إِنَّهُ مِن كَيْدِكُنَّ إِنَّ كَيْدَكُنَّ عَظِيمٌ﴾.

Likewise is the story of Joseph, peace be upon him, with the wife of the Aziz, when the judge said: 'If his shirt is torn from the front, then she has spoken the truth and he is of the liars. And if his shirt is torn from the back, then she has lied and he is of the truthful.' So when he saw his shirt torn from the back, he said: 'Indeed, it is of your scheming; indeed, your scheming is great.'

وَمِنْ ذَلِكَ أَيْضًا امْرَأَةٌ ادَّعَتْ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا أَنَّ لَهُ سَنَةً كَامِلَةً لَمْ يُنْفِقْ عَلَيْهَا، وَالرَّجُلُ يُشَاهَدُ وَهُوَ يَأْتِي لِلْبَيْتِ بِالْخُبْزِ وَالطَّعَامِ وَكُلِّ مَا يَحْتَاجُهُ الْبَيْتُ، وَلَيْسَ فِي الْبَيْتِ إِلَّا هُوَ وَامْرَأَتُهُ، وَقَالَ هُوَ: إِنَّهُ يُنْفِقُ فَالظَّاهِرُ مَعَ الزَّوْجِ، فَلَا نَقْبَلُ قَوْلَهَا وَإِنْ كَانَ الْأَصْلُ عَدَمَ الْإِنْفَاقِ لَكِنْ هُنَا ظَاهِرٌ قَوِيٌّ وَهُوَ مُشَاهَدَةُ الرَّجُلِ يَدْخُلُ عَلَى بَيْتِهِ بِالْأَكْلِ وَالشُّرْبِ وَغَيْرِهِمَا مِنْ مُتَطَلَّبَاتِ الْبَيْتِ.

Also from that is a woman who claimed against her husband that for a full year he had not provided for her, while the man is seen bringing bread, food, and everything the house needs into the house, and there is no one in the house except him and his wife, and he said: 'He does provide,' so the apparent evidence is with the husband, and we do not accept her statement, even if the default assumption is the lack of provision, but here there is strong apparent evidence, which is the observation of the man entering his house with food, drink, and other requirements of the house.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (25 verbs · 54 nouns)

• أَعْطَى — to give
• اِدَّعَى — to claim
• وَافَقَ — to agree
• حَدِيثٌ — hadith
• نَاسٌ — people
• دَعْوَى — claim