Qisas al-Anbiya by Ibn Kathir (قصص الأنبياء لابن كثير) — Page 707

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

بَيَانُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى مُنَزَّهٌ عَنِ الْوَلَدِ تَعَالَى عَمَّا يَقُولُ الظَّالِمُونَ عُلُوّاً كَبِيراً.

An explanation that Allah, the Exalted, is transcendent above having a child; He is exalted far above what the wrongdoers say.

وَقَالَ تَعَالَى فِي آخِرِ هَذِهِ السُّورَةِ: ﴿وَقَالُوا اتَّخَذَ الرَّحْمَنُ وَلَداً * لَقَدْ جِئْتُمْ شَيْئاً إِدّاً * شَيْئاً عَظِيماً وَمُنْكَراً مِنَ الْقَوْلِ وَزُوراً وَتَكَادُ السَّمَوَاتُ يَتَفَطَّرْنَ مِنْهُ وَتَنْشَقُّ الْأَرْضُ وَتَخِرُّ الْجِبَالُ هَدّاً * أَنْ دَعَوْا لِلرَّحْمَنِ وَلَداً * وَمَا يَنْبَغِي لِلرَّحْمَنِ أَنْ يَتَّخِذَ وَلَداً * إِنْ كُلُّ مَنْ فِي السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ إِلَّا آتِي الرَّحْمَنِ عَبْداً * لَقَدْ أَحْصَاهُمْ وَعَدَّهُمْ عَدّاً * وَكُلُّهُمْ آتِيهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَرْداً﴾.

The Exalted said at the end of this Surah: 'And they say, "The Most Merciful has taken a son." You have done an atrocious thing. The heavens almost rupture therefrom, and the earth splits open, and the mountains collapse in devastation, that they attribute to the Most Merciful a son. And it is not appropriate for the Most Merciful that He should take a son. There is no one in the heavens and earth but that he comes to the Most Merciful as a servant. He has enumerated them and counted them a full counting. And all of them are coming to Him on the Day of Resurrection alone.'

فَبَيَّنَ أَنَّهُ تَعَالَى لَا يَنْبَغِي لَهُ الْوَلَدُ لِأَنَّهُ خَالِقُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَمَالِكُهُ، وَكُلُّ شَيْءٍ فَقِيرٌ إِلَيْهِ، خَاضِعٌ ذَلِيلٌ لَدَيْهِ وَجَمِيعُ سُكَّانِ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ عَبِيدُهُ، هُوَ رَبُّهُمْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ وَلَا رَبَّ سِوَاهُ كَمَا قَالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَجَعَلُوا لِلَّهِ شُرَكَاءَ الْجِنَّ وَخَلَقَهُمْ وَخَرَقُوا لَهُ بَنِينَ وَبَنَاتٍ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ * بَدِيعُ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ أَنَّى يَكُونُ لَهُ وَلَدٌ وَلَمْ تَكُنْ لَهُ صَاحِبَةٌ وَخَلَقَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ وَهُوَ بِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ عَلِيمٌ * ذَلِكُمُ اللَّهُ رَبُّكُمْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ خَالِقُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ فَاعْبُدُوهُ وَهُوَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَكِيلٌ * لَا تُدْرِكُهُ الْأَبْصَارُ وَهُوَ يُدْرِكُ الْأَبْصَارَ وَهُوَ اللَّطِيفُ الْخَبِيرُ﴾.

He clarified that it is not appropriate for Him, the Exalted, to have a child, because He is the Creator of everything and its Owner, and everything is in need of Him, submissive and humble before Him, and all the inhabitants of the heavens and the earth are His servants; He is their Lord, there is no god but Him, and there is no lord other than Him, as the Exalted said: 'And they have attributed to Allah partners - the jinn, while He has created them - and have fabricated for Him sons and daughters without knowledge. Exalted is He and high above what they describe. [He is] Originator of the heavens and the earth. How could He have a son when He does not have a companion and He created all things? And He is, of all things, Knowing. That is Allah, your Lord; there is no deity except Him, the Creator of all things, so worship Him. And He is, over all things, Disposer of affairs. Vision perceives Him not, but He perceives [all] vision; and He is the Subtle, the Acquainted.'

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Vocabulary · المفردات (20 verbs · 49 nouns)

• تَعَالَى — to be exalted
• قَالَ — to say
• اتَّخَذَ — to adopt/claim
• بَيَان — statement
• وَلَد — child
• ظَالِم — oppressor