Qisas al-Anbiya by Ibn Kathir (قصص الأنبياء لابن كثير) — Page 28

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

بِحَيْثُ يُمْكِنُ مُخَالَفَتُهُ، وَإِنَّمَا هُوَ أَمْرٌ قَدَرِيٌّ لَا يُخَالَفُ وَلَا يُمَانَعُ، وَلِهَذَا قَالَ: ﴿اخْرُجْ مِنْهَا مَذْءُومًا﴾ (٦٦) وَقَالَ: ﴿اهْبِطْ مِنْهَا فَمَا يَكُونُ لَكَ أَنْ تَتَكَبَّرَ فِيهَا﴾ (٦٧) وَقَالَ: ﴿اخْرُجْ مِنْهَا فَإِنَّكَ رَجِيمٌ﴾

In such a way that it could be disobeyed, but rather it is a predestined command that cannot be disobeyed or resisted; for this reason, He said: 'Get out of this, disgraced' (66), and He said: 'Descend from it, for it is not for you to be arrogant therein' (67), and He said: 'Get out of it, for you are rejected' (68).

وَالضَّمِيرُ عَائِدٌ إِلَى الْجَنَّةِ أَوْ السَّمَاءِ أَوْ الْمَنْزِلَةِ، وَأَيًّا مَا كَانَ فَمَعْلُومٌ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ لَهُ الْكَوْنُ قَدَرًا فِي الْمَكَانِ الَّذِي طُرِدَ مِنْهُ وَأُبْعِدَ لَا عَلَى سَبِيلِ الِاسْتِقْرَارِ وَلَا عَلَى سَبِيلِ الْمُرُورِ وَالِاجْتِيَازِ.

The pronoun refers to the Garden, the heaven, or the status; regardless of which it is, it is known that he cannot, by divine decree, exist in the place from which he was expelled and banished, neither by way of settling nor by way of passing through or traversing.

قَالُوا: وَمَعْلُومٌ مِنْ ظَاهِرِ سِيَاقَاتِ الْقُرْآنِ أَنَّهُ وَسْوَسَ لِآدَمَ وَخَاطَبَهُ بِقَوْلِهِ لَهُ: ﴿هَلْ أَدُلُّكَ عَلَى شَجَرَةِ الْخُلْدِ وَمُلْكٍ لَا يَبْلَى﴾ (٦٩) وَبِقَوْلِهِ: ﴿مَا نَهَاكُمَا رَبُّكُمَا عَنْ هَذِهِ الشَّجَرَةِ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَا مَلَكَيْنِ أَوْ تَكُونَا مِنَ الْخَالِدِينَ * وَقَاسَمَهُمَا إِنِّي لَكُمَا لَمِنَ النَّاصِحِينَ * فَدَلَّاهُمَا بِغُرُورٍ﴾ (٧٠) الْآيَةَ.

They said: It is known from the apparent context of the Quran that he whispered to Adam and addressed him by saying: 'Shall I guide you to the tree of eternity and a kingdom that does not decay?' (69), and by his saying: 'Your Lord did not forbid you this tree except that you become angels or become of the immortals. And he swore to them, "Indeed, I am to you from among the sincere advisors." So he misled them with deception' (70), to the end of the verse.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (39 verbs · 32 nouns)

• أَمْكَنَ — to be possible
• خَالَفَ — to oppose
• مَانَعَ — to prevent
• أَمْرٌ — matter
• مَذْءُومٌ — despised
• ضَمِيرٌ — pronoun