Palestinian Arabic Curriculum — Grade 9, Semester 1 — Page 20

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

تَأَمَّلْ: أَوَّلاً - البَلاغَةُ: الإيجازُ.

Reflect: First—Rhetoric: Conciseness.

١- قالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَإِنِّي كُلَّمَا دَعَوْتُهُمْ لِتَغْفِرَ لَهُمْ جَعَلُوا أَصَابِعَهُمْ فِي آذَانِهِمْ﴾.

1- The Almighty said: "Indeed, every time I invited them so that You might forgive them, they put their fingers in their ears."

٢- قالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿يُرْسِلِ السَّمَاءَ عَلَيْكُم مِّدْرَارًا﴾.

2- The Almighty said: "He will send down upon you rain from the sky in abundance."

٣- قالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿إِنَّكَ إِن تَذَرْهُمْ يُضِلُّوا عِبَادَكَ﴾.

3- The Almighty said: "If You leave them, they will lead Your servants astray."

ثَانِيًا- ١- قالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿مَّا لَكُمْ لَا تَرْجُونَ لِلَّهِ وَقَارًا * وَقَدْ خَلَقَكُمْ أَطْوَارًا﴾.

Second- 1- The Almighty said: "What is the matter with you that you do not attribute due grandeur to Allah, while He has created you in stages?"

٢- قالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَاللَّهُ جَعَلَ لَكُمُ الْأَرْضَ بِسَاطًا لِتَسْلُكُوا مِنْهَا سُبُلًا فِجَاجًا﴾.

2- The Almighty said: "Allah has made the earth an expanse for you, that you may traverse its wide paths."

٣- قالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَلَكُمْ فِي الْقِصَاصِ حَيَاةٌ يَا أُولِي الْأَلْبَابِ﴾.

3- The Almighty said: "There is life for you in legal retribution, O people of understanding."

الإيجازُ فِي اللُّغَةِ هُوَ الِاخْتِصَارُ، وَهُوَ فِي البَلاغَةِ التَّعْبِيرُ عَنِ الْأَفْكَارِ وَالْمَعَانِي الْكَثِيرَةِ بِأَقَلِّ عَدَدٍ مِنَ الْأَلْفَاظِ، وَالْإِيجَازُ مِنْ مَظَاهِرِ الْإِعْجَازِ اللُّغَوِيِّ فِي الْقُرْآنِ الْكَرِيمِ، وَهُوَ وَاضِحٌ فِي الْآيَاتِ الْوَارِدَةِ فِي الْأَمْثِلَةِ كُلِّهَا؛ إِذْ تَقْدِيرُ قَوْلِهِ -تَعَالَى- فِي الْمِثَالِ الْأَوَّلِ: أَنَّ قَوْمَ نُوحٍ جَعَلُوا أَطْرَافَ أَصَابِعِهِمْ فِي آذَانِهِمْ وَلَمْ يَضَعُوا أَصَابِعَهُمْ كُلَّهَا، وَفِي الْمِثَالِ الثَّانِي: أَنَّ اللَّهَ يُرْسِلُ مَطَرَ السَّمَاءِ مِدْرَارًا عَلَى الْمُسْتَغْفِرِينَ، وَلَا يُرْسِلُ السَّمَاءَ ذَاتَهَا، وَفِي الْمِثَالِ الثَّالِثِ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ﴿إِنَّكَ إِن تَذَرْهُمْ يُضِلُّوا عِبَادَكَ﴾، إِنْ تَذَرْهُمْ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ يُضِلُّوا عِبَادَكَ، أَيْ إِنْ تَتْرُكْهُمْ أَحْيَاءً سَيَسْعَوْنَ بِالضَّلَالَةِ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ.

Conciseness in language means brevity. In rhetoric, it is the expression of many ideas and meanings using the fewest possible words. Conciseness is a hallmark of the linguistic inimitability of the Holy Quran, as clearly demonstrated in all the provided examples. In the first example, the implication of the Almighty’s words is that the people of Noah placed their fingertips in their ears, not their entire fingers. In the second, it is that Allah sends the rain of the sky in abundance upon those who seek forgiveness, rather than sending the sky itself. In the third example, the Almighty’s words, "If You leave them, they will lead Your servants astray," imply that if You leave them on the earth—meaning if You leave them alive—they will strive to spread misguidance among the people.

وَهَذَا مَا يُسَمَّى إِيجَازَ الْحَذْفِ، حَيْثُ تُحْذَفُ كَلِمَةٌ، أَوْ شِبْهُ جُمْلَةٍ، أَوْ جُمْلَةٌ، وَيَكُونُ تَرْكُ ذِكْرِهَا أَفْصَحَ مِنْ ذِكْرِهَا، وَأَزْيَدَ لِلْإِفَادَةِ، وَأَتَمَّ لِلْإِبَانَةِ، وَهُوَ بَابٌ مِنْ أَبْوَابِ الْبَلَاغَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّةِ.

This is known as conciseness by omission, where a word, phrase, or sentence is left out. Omitting it is more eloquent, more informative, and clearer than including it; it is a fundamental aspect of Arabic rhetoric.

وَفِي أَمْثِلَةِ الْمَجْمُوعَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ، تُلاحِظُ أَنَّ الْآيَةَ ﴿وَقَدْ خَلَقَكُمْ أَطْوَارًا﴾ فِي الْمِثَالِ.

In the second group of examples, notice the verse, "while He has created you in stages."

Vocabulary · المفردات (18 verbs · 60 nouns)

• تَأَمَّلَ — to contemplate
• قَالَ — to say
• تَعَالَى — to rise high
• دَعَا — to call
• غَفَرَ — to forgive
• جَعَلَ — to make
• أَرْسَلَ — to send
• ذَرَ — to leave
• أَضَلَّ — to lead astray
• رَجَا — to hope
• خَلَقَ — to create
• سَلَكَ — to follow a path
• وَضَعَ — to place
• سَعَى — to strive
• سَمَّى — to name
• حَذَفَ — to delete
• كَانَ — to be
• لَاحَظَ — to observe
• بَلَاغَة — rhetoric
• إِيجَاز — conciseness
• أُصْبُع — finger
• أُذُن — ear
• سَمَاء — sky
• مِدْرَار — pouring
• عَبْد — servant
• وَقَار — dignity
• طَوْر — stage
• أَرْض — earth
• بِسَاط — carpet
• سَبِيل — path
• فَجّ — wide path
• قِصَاص — retribution
• حَيَاة — life
• لُبّ — intellect
• لُغَة — language
• اخْتِصَار — abbreviation
• تَعْبِير — expression
• فِكْرَة — idea
• مَعْنَى — meaning
• عَدَد — number
• لَفْظ — word
• مَظْهَر — aspect
• إِعْجَاز — inimitability
• لُغَوِيّ — linguistic
• قُرْآن — Quran
• كَرِيم — noble
• وَاضِح — clear
• آيَة — verse
• وَارِد — mentioned
• مِثَال — example
• تَقْدِير — estimation
• قَوْل — saying
• أَوَّل — first
• قَوْم — people
• طَرَف — tip
• ثَانِي — second
• مَطَر — rain
• مُسْتَغْفِر — seeker of forgiveness
• ذَات — self
• ثَالِث — third
• أَحْيَاء — living
• ضَلَالَة — misguidance
• نَاس — people
• حَذْف — omission
• كَلِمَة — word
• شِبْه — resemblance
• جُمْلَة — sentence
• تَرْك — leaving
• ذِكْر — mention
• أَفْصَح — more eloquent
• زَائِد — more
• إِفَادَة — benefit
• أَتَمّ — more complete
• إِبَانَة — clarification
• بَاب — chapter
• عَرَبِيّ — Arabic
• مَجْمُوعَة — group
• كَثِيرَة — many