Palestinian Arabic Curriculum — Grade 9, Semester 1 — Page 16

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

كَمَا أَنَّ وَزْنَ الِاسْمَيْنِ (سَبْعَ، أَجَل) فِي الْمِثَالَيْنِ هُوَ: الْمَوْزُونُ (سَبْعَ) س ب ع، الْوَزْنُ (فَعْلَ) ف ع ل.

The roots of the two nouns (sab', ajal) in these examples are: for the word (sab'), the root is s-b-', and the pattern is (fa'l) f-'-l.

الْمَوْزُونُ (أَجَل) أَ ج ل، الْوَزْنُ (فَعَلَ) ف ع ل.

For the word (ajal), the root is a-j-l, and the pattern is (fa'al) f-'-l.

وَفِي الْمِثَالِ الثَّالِثِ نَجِدُ الْفِعْلَ الثُّلَاثِيَّ الْمُضَعَّفَ (وَدَّ) قَدْ فُكَّ تَضْعِيفُهُ قَبْلَ وَزْنِهِ (وَدَدَ): الْمَوْزُونُ (وَدَّ) وَ د د، الْوَزْنُ (فَعَلَ) ف ع ل.

In the third example, the doubled triliteral verb (wadda) has its doubling expanded before being weighed as (wadada): the root (wadda) is w-d-d, and the pattern is (fa'ala) f-'-l.

وَفِي الْمِثَالَيْنِ الرَّابِعِ وَالْخَامِسِ مِنَ الْمَجْمُوعَةِ الْأُولَى، تُلَاحِظُ الْفِعْلَ الرُّبَاعِيَّ الْمُجَرَّدَ (وَسْوَسَ) وَزْنُهُ (فَعْلَلَ)، بِزِيَادَةِ لَامٍ بَعْدَ لَامٍ (فَعَلَ)، وَمِثْلُهُ: خَلْخَلَ، وَقَلْقَلَ، وَدَرْهَمَ، وَزَلْزَلَ، ... إِلَخ.

In the fourth and fifth examples of the first group, note that the simple quadriliteral verb (waswasa) follows the pattern (fa'lala), formed by adding a second lam to the (fa'ala) pattern. Similar examples include: khalkhala, qalqala, darhama, zalzala, and so on.

الْمَوْزُونُ (وَسْوَسَ) وَ س وَ س، الْوَزْنُ (فَعْلَلَ) ف ع ل ل.

The root (waswasa) is w-s-w-s, and the pattern is (fa'lala) f-'-l-l.

وَمِثْلُهُ كَذَلِكَ الِاسْمُ الرُّبَاعِيُّ الْمُجَرَّدُ (فَرْقَد) الْوَارِدُ فِي الْمِثَالِ الْخَامِسِ: الْمَوْزُونُ (فَرْقَد) ف ر ق د، الْوَزْنُ (فَعْلَل) ف ع ل ل.

The simple quadriliteral noun (farqad) from the fifth example follows the same logic: the root (farqad) is f-r-q-d, and the pattern is (fa'lal) f-'-l-l.

أَمَّا الِاسْمُ الْخُمَاسِيُّ (سَفَرْجَل) فَوَزْنُهُ (فَعَلَّل) الْوَارِدُ فِي الْمِثَالِ السَّادِسِ: الْمَوْزُونُ (سَفَرْجَل) سَ ف ر ج ل، الْوَزْنُ (فَعَلَّل) ف ع ل ل ل.

As for the quinqueliteral noun (safarjal) in the sixth example, its pattern is (fa'allal): the root (safarjal) is s-f-r-j-l, and the pattern is (fa'allal) f-'-l-l-l.

أَمَّا الْكَلِمَاتُ الْوَارِدَةُ فِي الْمِثَالِ الْأَوَّلِ مِنَ الْمَجْمُوعَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ، فَإِنَّنَا نُلَاحِظُ أَنَّهُ زِيدَ عَلَى مُجَرَّدِهَا حَرْفٌ، أَوْ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ أَحْرُفِ الزِّيَادَةِ الْعَشَرَةِ (سَأَلْتُمُونِيهَا)، وَهَذِهِ الْأَحْرُفُ الزَّائِدَةُ يَجِبُ أَنْ تَتِمَّ زِيَادَتُهَا فِي الْمِيزَانِ، فَالْفِعْلُ (أَضَلُّوا) الَّذِي وَزْنُهُ (أَفْعَلُوا) مُتَّصِلٌ بِوَاوِ الْجَمَاعَةِ، وَأَصْلُهُ الثُّلَاثِيُّ (ضَلَلَ)، وَكَذَلِكَ الِاسْمُ (ضَلَال) وَزْنُهُ (فَعَال):

Regarding the words in the first example of the second group, we observe that one or more letters from the ten letters of augmentation (sa'altumuniha) have been added to their simple forms. These additional letters must be reflected in the scale. For instance, the verb (adallu), which follows the pattern (af'alu), is attached to the plural waw, with (dalala) as its triliteral root; similarly, the noun (dalal) follows the pattern (fa'al):

Vocabulary · المفردات (13 verbs · 26 nouns)

• وَجَدَ — to find
• فَكَّ — to undo
• لَاحَظَ — to observe
• خَلْخَلَ — to shake
• قَلْقَلَ — to shake
• دَرْهَمَ — to coin dirhams
• زَلْزَلَ — to shake
• وَسْوَسَ — to whisper
• زَادَ — to increase
• تَمَّ — to conclude, to finish
• أَضَلَّ — to lead astray
• وَجَبَ — to become necessary
• ضَلَّ — to go astray
• وَزْن — pattern
• اِسْم — noun
• مِثَال — example
• مَوْزُون — pattern
• فِعْل — verb
• ثُلَاثِيّ — triliteral
• تَضْعِيف — doubling
• رُبَاعِيّ — quadriliteral
• مُجَرَّد — unaugmented
• زِيَادَة — addition
• لَام — lam (letter)
• خُمَاسِيّ — quinqueliteral
• كَلِمَة — word
• مَجْمُوعَة — group
• حَرْف — letter
• عَشَرَة — ten
• زَائِد — additional
• مِيزَان — scale
• جَمَاعَة — group
• أَصْل — origin
• ضَلَال — misguidance
• مُتَّصِل — attached
• وَارِدَة — appearing
• أَكْثَر — more
• سَفَرْجَل — quince
• مُضَعَّف — doubled