Palestinian Arabic Curriculum — Grade 6, Semester 2 — Page 13

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

القَوَاعِدُ اللُّغَوِيَّةُ.

Grammar Rules.

عَلَامَاتُ الإِعْرَابِ الفَرْعِيَّةُ (فِي المُثَنَّى، وَجَمْعِ المُذَكَّرِ السَّالِمِ).

Secondary Inflectional Signs (in the dual and the sound masculine plural).

نَقْرَأُ الأَمْثِلَةَ الآتِيَةَ، وَنُلَاحِظُ الكَلِمَاتِ المُلَوَّنَةَ:

Read the following examples and observe the highlighted words:

المَجْمُوعَةُ الأُولَى:

Group One:

١- رَوَى الإِمَامَانِ أَحَادِيثَ نَبَوِيَّةً كَثِيرَةً.

1- The two Imams narrated many Prophetic hadiths.

٢- سَمِعْتُ قِصَّتَيْنِ عَنْ فَضَائِلِ المَسْجِدِ.

2- I heard two stories about the virtues of the mosque.

٣- قَرَأْتُ عَنْ بَيْتِ المَقْدِسِ فِي كِتَابَيْنِ.

3- I read about Jerusalem in two books.

المَجْمُوعَةُ الثَّانِيَةُ:

Group Two:

١- يَصُومُ المُسْلِمُونَ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ.

1- Muslims fast during the month of Ramadan.

٢- دَعَا الإِمَامُ المُصَلِّينَ إِلَى تَسْوِيَةِ الصُّفُوفِ.

2- The Imam called on the worshippers to straighten the rows.

٣- قَالَ تَعَالَى: ﴿مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ رِجَالٌ صَدَقُوا مَا عَاهَدُوا اللَّهَ عَلَيْهِ﴾.

3- The Almighty says: "Among the believers are men who have been true to what they pledged to Allah."

بِمُلَاحَظَتِنَا الكَلِمَاتِ المُلَوَّنَةَ فِي أَمْثِلَةِ المَجْمُوعَةِ الأُولَى (الإِمَامَانِ، قِصَّتَيْنِ، كِتَابَيْنِ)، نَجِدُ أَنَّ كُلًّا مِنْهَا اسْمٌ دَلَّ عَلَى اثْنَيْنِ أَوِ اثْنَتَيْنِ، وَذَلِكَ بِزِيَادَةِ أَلِفٍ وَنُونٍ عَلَى المُفْرَدِ فِي كَلِمَةِ (الإِمَامِ)، وَزِيَادَةِ يَاءٍ وَنُونٍ فِي كَلِمَتَيْ (قِصَّةٍ، كِتَابٍ)،

By observing the highlighted words in the first group (the two Imams, two stories, two books), we find that each noun refers to two people or things. This is formed by adding an alif and a nun to the singular form in the word (Imam), and a ya and a nun in the words (story, book).

وَقَدْ جَاءَتْ كَلِمَةُ (الإِمَامَانِ) فِي المِثَالِ الأَوَّلِ مَرْفُوعَةً؛ لِأَنَّهَا فَاعِلٌ، وَعَلَامَةُ رَفْعِهَا (الأَلِفُ)، وَهِيَ عَلَامَةُ رَفْعٍ فَرْعِيَّةٌ،

In the first example, the word (the two Imams) is in the nominative case because it is the subject, and its nominative sign is the (alif), which is a secondary sign.

وَفِي المِثَالِ الثَّانِي جَاءَتْ كَلِمَةُ (قِصَّتَيْنِ) مَنْصُوبَةً؛ لِأَنَّهَا مَفْعُولٌ بِهِ، وَعَلَامَةُ نَصْبِهَا (اليَاءُ)، وَهِيَ عَلَامَةُ نَصْبٍ فَرْعِيَّةٌ،

In the second example, the word (two stories) is in the accusative case because it is the direct object, and its accusative sign is the (ya), which is a secondary sign.

وَفِي المِثَالِ الثَّالِثِ، جَاءَتْ كَلِمَةُ (كِتَابَيْنِ) مَجْرُورَةً؛ لِأَنَّهَا سُبِقَتْ بِحَرْفِ جَرٍّ، وَعَلَامَةُ جَرِّهَا (اليَاءُ)، وَهِيَ عَلَامَةٌ فَرْعِيَّةٌ.

In the third example, the word (two books) is in the genitive case because it follows a preposition, and its genitive sign is the (ya), which is a secondary sign.

Vocabulary · المفردات (14 verbs · 40 nouns)

• قَرَأَ — to read
• لَاحَظَ — to observe
• رَوَى — to narrate
• سَمِعَ — to hear
• صَامَ — to fast
• دَعَا — to invite
• قَالَ — to say
• صَدَقَ — to tell the truth
• عَاهَدَ — to covenant
• وَجَدَ — to find
• دَلَّ — to indicate
• زَادَ — to increase
• جَاءَ — to come
• سَبَقَ — to precede
• قَاعِدَة — rule
• عَلَامَةٌ — sign
• إِعْرَاب — inflection
• مُثَنًّى — dual
• جَمْع — plural
• مُذَكَّر — masculine
• سَالِم — sound
• مِثَال — example
• كَلِمَة — word
• مَجْمُوعَة — group
• إِمَام — imam
• حَدِيث — hadith
• قِصَّة — story
• فَضِيلَةٌ — virtue
• مَسْجِد — mosque
• بَيْت — house
• مَقْدِس — sanctuary
• كِتَاب — book
• مُسْلِم — muslim
• شَهْر — month
• مُصَلٍّ — worshipper
• تَسْوِيَة — leveling
• صَفٌّ — row
• مُؤْمِن — believer
• رَجُل — man
• فَاعِل — subject
• رَفْع — nominative case
• أَلِف — alif
• مَفْعُول — object
• يَاء — ya
• حَرْف — letter
• جَرٌّ — genitive case
• فَرْعِيَّة — secondary
• مَجْرُورَة — genitive
• مَنْصُوبَة — accusative
• مُلَوَّنَة — colored
• أُولَى — first (feminine)
• مَرْفُوعَة — nominative
• نَبَوِيَّة — Prophetic
• كَثِيرَة — many