Palestinian Arabic Curriculum — Grade 10, Semester 2 — Page 20

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

البَلاغَةُ: الخَبَرُ وَالإنْشاءُ.

Rhetoric: Declarative and Imperative (Khabar and Insha').

نَقْرَأُ الأمْثِلَةَ الآتِيَةَ:

Let us read the following examples:

المَجْمُوعَةُ (أ):

Group (A):

١ - قَامَ الطَّلَبَةُ بِأنْشِطَةٍ تَعْلِيمِيَّةٍ مُتَنَوِّعَةٍ دَاخِلَ غُرْفَةِ الصَّفِّ.

1 - The students carried out various educational activities in the classroom.

٢ - مَوْسِمُ قَطْفِ الزَّيْتُونِ مِنْ أجْمَلِ المَوَاسِمِ الزِّرَاعِيَّةِ فِي فَلَسْطِينَ.

2 - The olive harvest is one of the most beautiful agricultural seasons in Palestine.

٣ - عَاشَ المُسْلِمُونَ وَالمَسِيحِيُّونَ فِي القُدْسِ مُتَحَابِّينَ مُتَعَاوِنِينَ.

3 - Muslims and Christians in Jerusalem lived together in love and cooperation.

المَجْمُوعَةُ (ب):

Group (B):

١ - قَالَ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ): "يَا مُعَاذُ، هَلْ تَدْرِي مَا حَقُّ اللهِ عَلَى عِبَادِهِ؟ وَمَا حَقُّ العِبَادِ عَلَى اللهِ؟ قُلْتُ: اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أعْلَمُ..." .

1 - The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "Mu'adh, do you know what right Allah has over His servants, and what right the servants have over Allah?" I replied: "Allah and His Messenger know best..."

٢ - قَالَ (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ): "مَنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ فَضْلُ ظَهْرٍ فَلْيَعُدْ بِهِ عَلَى مَنْ لَا ظَهْرَ لَهُ..." .

2 - The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "Whoever has a surplus of transport should share it with those who have none..."

٣ - لَا تَلْقَ دَهْرَكَ إلَّا غَيْرَ مُكْتَرِثٍ مَا دَامَ يَصْحَبُ فِيهِ رُوحَكَ البَدَنُ. (المُتَنَبِّي).

3 - Face your days with indifference, as long as your body remains with your soul. (Al-Mutanabbi).

تُنَاقِشُ وَنُلَاحِظُ:

Discussion and observation:

هَلْ فِعْلًا قَامَ الطَّلَبَةُ بِأنْشِطَةٍ تَعْلِيمِيَّةٍ مُتَنَوِّعَةٍ دَاخِلَ غُرْفَةِ الصَّفِّ؟

Did the students actually carry out various educational activities in the classroom?

هَلْ مَوْسِمُ قَطْفِ الزَّيْتُونِ مِنْ أجْمَلِ المَوَاسِمِ الزِّرَاعِيَّةِ فِي فَلَسْطِينَ؟

Is the olive harvest one of the most beautiful agricultural seasons in Palestine?

هَلْ عَاشَ المُسْلِمُونَ وَالمَسِيحِيُّونَ فِي القُدْسِ مُتَحَابِّينَ مُتَعَاوِنِينَ؟

Did Muslims and Christians in Jerusalem live together in love and cooperation?

تَأمَّلْنَا المِثَالَ الأوَّلَ فِي المَجْمُوعَةِ (أ)، نَجِدُ الجُمْلَةَ تُخْبِرُنَا أنَّ الطَّلَبَةَ قَامُوا بِأنْشِطَةٍ تَعْلِيمِيَّةٍ مُتَنَوِّعَةٍ دَاخِلَ غُرْفَةِ الصَّفِّ، وَنَسْتَطِيعُ أنْ نَقُولَ لِصَاحِبِهِ: إنَّهُ صَادِقٌ فِيهِ أوْ كَاذِبٌ، فَإنْ كَانَ مُطَابِقًا لِلْوَاقِعِ فَهُوَ صَادِقٌ، وَإنْ كَانَ مُخَالِفًا فَهُوَ كَاذِبٌ.

When we examine the first example in Group (A), we find a sentence informing us that the students carried out various educational activities in the classroom. We can judge the speaker as either truthful or lying: if the statement matches reality, it is true; if it contradicts reality, it is false.

Vocabulary · المفردات (18 verbs · 36 nouns)

• قَرَأَ — to read
• قَامَ — to stand/to perform
• عَاشَ — to live
• قَالَ — to say
• صَلَّى — to pray
• دَرَى — to know
• عَلِمَ — to know
• كَانَ — to be
• عَادَ — to return
• لَقِيَ — to meet
• اِكْتَرَثَ — to care
• دَامَ — to last
• صَحِبَ — to accompany
• نَاقَشَ — to discuss
• لَاحَظَ — to observe
• تَأَمَّلَ — to contemplate
• أَخْبَرَ — to inform
• اِسْتَطَاعَ — to manage to
• بَلَاغَة — rhetoric
• خَبَر — news/statement
• إِنْشَاء — composition
• مِثَال — example
• مَجْمُوعَة — group
• طَالِب — student
• نَشَاط — activity
• تَعْلِيمِيّ — educational
• مُتَنَوِّع — various
• دَاخِل — inside
• غُرْفَة — room
• صَفّ — class
• مَوْسِم — season
• قَطْف — picking
• زَيْتُون — olive
• جَمِيل — beautiful
• زِرَاعِيّ — agricultural
• مُسْلِم — Muslim
• مَسِيحِيّ — Christian
• حَقّ — right
• عَبْد — servant
• رَسُول — messenger
• فَضْل — surplus
• ظَهْر — back/mount
• دَهْر — time/age
• رُوح — soul
• بَدَن — body
• فِعْل — action
• جُمْلَة — sentence
• صَاحِب — owner
• صَادِق — truthful
• كَاذِب — liar
• مُطَابِق — matching
• وَاقِع — reality
• مُخَالِف — contradictory
• مُكْتَرِث — caring