Al-Nahw al-Wadih Primary — Volume 3 (النحو الواضح للمرحلة الابتدائية) — Page 55

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

الْأَمْثِلَةُ السَّابِقَةُ تَشْتَمِلُ عَلَى أَفْعَالٍ نَاقِصَةٍ مُضَارِعَةٍ وَأَمْرِيَّةٍ مُسْنَدَةٍ إِلَى يَاءِ الْمُخَاطَبَةِ، وَوَاوِ الْجَمَاعَةِ، وَأَلِفِ الِاثْنَيْنِ، وَنُونِ النِّسْوَةِ،

The previous examples include defective verbs in the present and imperative tenses attributed to the ya of address, the waw of the group, the alif of the two, and the nun of the women.

وَإِذَا نَظَرْتَ إِلَى الْأَمْثِلَةِ رَأَيْتَ آخِرَ الْمُضَارِعِ وَالْأَمْرِ أَلِفًا فِي الطَّائِفَةِ الْأُولَى، وَيَاءً فِي الطَّائِفَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ، وَوَاوًا فِي الطَّائِفَةِ الثَّالِثَةِ،

And if you look at the examples, you will see the end of the present and imperative verbs is an alif in the first group, a ya in the second group, and a waw in the third group.

وَإِذَا أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَعْرِفَ مَا حَدَثَ مِنَ التَّغْيِيرِ عِنْدَ إِسْنَادِ هَذِهِ الْأَفْعَالِ إِلَى الضَّمَائِرِ، فَانْظُرْ إِلَى الْأَفْعَالِ الْمُسْنَدَةِ إِلَى يَاءِ الْمُخَاطَبَةِ وَوَاوِ الْجَمَاعَةِ فِي الطَّوَائِفِ الثَّلَاثِ مِنَ الْأَمْثِلَةِ، تَجِدُ أَنَّ الْإِسْنَادَ إِلَى هَذَيْنِ الضَّمِيرَيْنِ سَبَّبَ حَذْفَ حَرْفِ الْعِلَّةِ مِنَ الْأَفْعَالِ،

And if you want to know what change occurred when attributing these verbs to the pronouns, look at the verbs attributed to the ya of address and the waw of the group in the three groups of examples, you will find that the attribution to these two pronouns caused the deletion of the weak letter from the verbs.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (14 verbs · 19 nouns)

• اِشْتَمَلَ — to include
• أَسْنَدَ — to conjugate (grammatically)
• نَظَرَ — to look
• بَحْثٌ — research
• مِثَالٌ — an example
• فِعْلٌ — verb