Al-Nahw al-Wadih Primary — Volume 1 (النحو الواضح للمرحلة الابتدائية) — Page 23

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

اللَّبْسُ فِي الزَّمَنِ الْحَاضِرِ أَوِ الْمُسْتَقْبَلِ، وَيُسَمَّى كُلُّ فِعْلٍ مِنْ هَذَا النَّوْعِ فِعْلًا مُضَارِعًا.

It is the occurrence in the present or future time, and every verb of this type is called a present tense verb.

وَإِذَا نَظَرْتَ إِلَى الْحَرْفِ الْأَوَّلِ فِي كُلِّ فِعْلٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأَفْعَالِ وَأَشْبَاهِهَا وَجَدْتَهُ هَمْزَةً أَوْ نُونًا أَوْ يَاءً أَوْ تَاءً، وَتُسَمَّى هَذِهِ الْأَحْرُفُ الْأَرْبَعَةُ أَحْرُفَ الْمُضَارَعَةِ.

If you look at the first letter in each of these verbs and their likes, you will find it to be a hamza, a nun, a ya, or a ta, and these four letters are called the letters of presentness.

الْقَاعِدَةُ: ٥) الْفِعْلُ الْمُضَارِعُ هُوَ كُلُّ فِعْلٍ يَدُلُّ عَلَى حُصُولِ عَمَلٍ فِي الزَّمَنِ الْحَاضِرِ أَوِ الْمُسْتَقْبَلِ وَلَا بُدَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ مَبْدُوءًا بِحَرْفٍ مِنْ أَحْرُفِ الْمُضَارَعَةِ وَهِيَ الْهَمْزَةُ وَالنُّونُ وَالْيَاءُ وَالتَّاءُ.

Rule: 5) The present tense verb is every verb that indicates the occurrence of an action in the present or future time, and it must begin with one of the letters of presentness, which are the hamza, the nun, the ya, and the ta.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (11 verbs · 25 nouns)

• سَمَّى — to name
• نَظَرَ — to look
• وَجَدَ — to find
• لَبْسٌ — confusion
• زَمَنٌ — time
• حَاضِرٌ — present