Mukhtasar al-Ma'ani by al-Taftazani, Vol. 2 (مختصر المعاني) — Page 78

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

اَلْفَنُّ اَلثَّانِي اَلتَّشْبِيهُ أَيْ لَمْ تُقَابِلْهُ فِي اَلْحُسْنِ وَالْبَهَاءِ إِلَّا بِوَجْهٍ لَيْسَ فِيهِ حَيَاءٌ، وَقَوْلُهُ: عَزَمَاتُهُ مِثْلُ اَلنُّجُومِ ثَوَاقِبًا أَيْ لَوَامِعًا لَوْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِلثَّاقِبَاتِ أُفُولٌ، فَتَشْبِيهُ اَلْعَزْمِ بِالنَّجْمِ مُبْتَذَلٌ إِلَّا أَنَّ اِشْتِرَاطَ عَدَمِ اَلْأُفُولِ أَخْرَجَهُ إِلَى اَلْغَرَابَةِ وَيُسَمَّى مِثْلُ هَذَا اَلتَّشْبِيهِ اَلتَّشْبِيهَ اَلْمَشْرُوطَ؛ لِتَقْيِيدِ اَلْمُشَبَّهِ أَوِ اَلْمُشَبَّهِ بِهِ أَوْ كِلَيْهِمَا بِشَرْطٍ وُجُودِيٍّ وَعَدَمِيٍّ يَدُلُّ عَلَيْهِ صَرِيحُ اَللَّفْظِ وَسِبَاقُ اَلْكَلَامِ، وَبِاعْتِبَارِ أَي وَالتَّشْبِيهُ بِاعْتِبَارِ أَدَاتِهِ إِمَّا مُؤَكَّدٌ وَهُوَ مَا حُذِفَتْ أَدَاتُهُ مِثْلُ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: ﴿وَهِيَ تَمُرُّ مَرَّ اَلسَّحَابِ﴾ أَيْ مِثْلُ مَرِّ اَلسَّحَابِ، وَمِنْهُ أَيْ مِنَ اَلْمُؤَكَّدِ مَا أُضِيفَ اَلْمُشَبَّهُ بِهِ إِلَى اَلْمُشَبَّهِ بَعْدَ حَذْفِ اَلْأَدَاةِ نَحْوَ وَالرِّيحُ تَعْبَثُ بِالْغُصُونِ أَيْ تُمِيلُهَا إِلَى اَلْأَطْرَافِ وَالْجَوَانِبِ وَقَدْ جَرَى ذَهَبُ اَلْأَصِيلِ هُوَ اَلْوَقْتُ بَعْدَ اَلْعَصْرِ إِلَى اَلْمَغْرِبِ، ظَهَرَ أَنَّهُ مِنْ أَوْقَاتِ اَلطَّيِّبَةِ كَالسَّحَرِ، وَيُوصَفُ بِالصُّفْرَةِ كَقَوْلِهِ: عَزَمَاتُهُ: أَيْ إِرَادَةٌ اَلْمُتَعَلِّقَةُ بِمَعَالِي اَلْأُمُورِ، فَهُوَ جَمْعُ عَزْمَةٍ وَهِيَ اَلْمَرَّةُ مِنَ اَلْعَزْمِ، وَهِيَ إِرَادَةُ اَلْفِعْلِ مَعَ اَلْقَطْعِ.

The second art is simile, meaning: you did not encounter it in beauty and splendor except with a face that has no shame, and his saying: 'His resolutions are like the piercing stars,' meaning shining, if the piercing ones did not have a setting; for comparing resolution to a star is hackneyed, but the condition of non-setting brought it into the realm of novelty, and such a simile is called a conditional simile, because it restricts the subject of the simile, the object of the simile, or both, with an existential or non-existential condition indicated by the explicit wording and the context of the speech, and by consideration, meaning: and simile by consideration of its instrument is either emphasized, which is that whose instrument has been omitted, like His saying, the Almighty: 'And it passes like the passing of clouds,' meaning like the passing of clouds, and from it, meaning from the emphasized, is that in which the object of the simile is added to the subject of the simile after the omission of the instrument, such as 'The wind plays with the branches,' meaning it tilts them to the edges and sides, and the gold of the late afternoon—which is the time after the afternoon prayer until sunset—has flowed, it appeared that it is one of the pleasant times like the dawn, and it is described by yellowness as in his saying: 'His resolutions': meaning the will related to the high matters, for it is the plural of 'azmah, which is the single instance of resolution, and it is the will to act with certainty.

هَذَا فِي اَلْمَعْنَى جَوَابُ لَوْ، كَأَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَوْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِلثَّاقِبَاتِ أُفُولٌ لَكَانَ عَزَمَاتُهُ كَالثَّاقِبَاتِ وَجَوَابُ لَوْ مُمْتَنِعٌ فَكَأَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَيْسَتْ عَزَمَاتُهُ كَالثَّاقِبَاتِ وَهَذَا لَيْسَ مُبْتَذَلًا.

This in meaning is the answer to 'if,' as if he said: 'If the piercing ones did not have a setting, his resolutions would be like the piercing ones,' and the answer to 'if' is impossible, so it is as if he said: 'His resolutions are not like the piercing ones,' and this is not hackneyed.

ثَوَاقِبًا: اَلنَّوَافِذُ فِي اَلظُّلُمَاتِ بِضِيَائِهَا.

'Piercing': those that penetrate the darkness with their light.

…8 more translated lines, 29 more verbs and 83 more nouns on this page — subscribe to study every page.

Vocabulary · المفردات (32 verbs · 86 nouns)

• قَابَلَ — to compare
• لَمَعَ — to shine
• أَفَلَ — to set
• فَنّ — art
• تَشْبِيه — simile
• حُسْن — beauty