Mukhtasar al-Ma'ani by al-Taftazani, Vol. 2 (مختصر المعاني) — Page 221

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

الْفَنُّ الثَّالِثُ

The Third Art.

وُجُوهُ تَحْسِينِ الْكَلَامِ

Aspects of Beautifying Speech.

فَيَكُونُ "آمَنَّا" مُشْتَمِلًا عَلَى تَطْهِيرِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى لِنُفُوسِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ دَالًّا عَلَيْهِ فَيَكُونُ "صِبْغَةَ اللَّهِ" بِمَعْنَى تَطْهِيرِ اللَّهِ مُؤَكِّدًا لِلْمَضْمُونِ قَوْلِهِ: "آمَنَّا بِاللَّهِ"، ثُمَّ أَشَارَ إِلَى وُقُوعِ تَطْهِيرِ اللَّهِ فِي صُحْبَةِ مَا عَنْهُ يُعَبِّرُ إِلَى وَجْهِ وُقُوعِ الْمُعَبَّرِ عَنْهُ بِصِبْغَةِ اللَّهِ بِالصَّبْغِ تَقْدِيرًا بِقَوْلِهِ: وَالْأَصْلُ فِيهِ أَيْ فِي هَذَا الْمَعْنَى وَهُوَ ذِكْرُ التَّطْهِيرِ بِلَفْظِ وَهُوَ الْغَمْسُ وُقُوعًا مُقَدَّرًا الصَّبْغِ أَنَّ النَّصَارَى كَانُوا يَغْمِسُونَ أَوْلَادَهُمْ فِي مَاءٍ أَصْفَرَ يُسَمُّونَهُ مَعْمُودِيَّةً، وَيَقُولُونَ: يَدْخُلُونَ يَعْتَقِدُونَ إِنَّهُ أَيِ الْغَمْسَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْمَاءِ تَطْهِيرٌ لَهُمْ فَإِذَا فَعَلَ الْوَاحِدُ مِنْهُمْ بِوَلَدِهِ ذَلِكَ قَالَ: الْآنَ الْغَمْسُ صَارَ نَصْرَانِيًّا حَقًّا، فَأُمِرَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ بِأَنْ يَقُولُوا لِلنَّصَارَى: ﴿قُولُوا آمَنَّا بِاللَّهِ﴾ (الْبَقَرَةُ: ١٣٦) الْوَلِيدُ هَذَا مَفْهُومٌ مِنَ السِّيَاقِ يَا نَصَارَى التَّأْوِيلُ وَصَبَغَنَا اللَّهُ بِالْإِيمَانِ صِبْغَةً لَا مِثْلَ صِبْغَتِنَا وَطَهَّرَنَا بِهِ تَطْهِيرًا لَا مِثْلَ تَطْهِيرِنَا، هَذَا إِذَا كَانَ الْخِطَابُ فِي "قُولُوا آمَنَّا بِاللَّهِ" لِلْكَافِرِينَ، وَإِنْ كَانَ الْخِطَابُ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ، فَالْمَعْنَى أَنَّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أُمِرُوا بِأَنْ يَقُولُوا: صَبَغَنَا اللَّهُ بِالْإِيمَانِ صِبْغَةً وَلَمْ يَصْبُغْ صِبْغَتَكُمْ أَيُّهَا النَّصَارَى، هَذَا هُوَ اللَّفْظُ الْمَفْرُوضُ فَعَبَّرَ عَنِ الْإِيمَانِ بِاللَّهِ بِصِبْغَةِ اللَّهِ لِلْمُشَاكَلَةِ لِوُقُوعِهِ فِي صُحْبَةِ صِبْغَةِ النَّصَارَى تَقْدِيرًا عَنْ لَازِمِهِ وَهُوَ التَّطْهِيرُ بِهَذِهِ الْقَرِينَةِ الْحَالِيَّةِ الَّتِي هِيَ سَبَبُ النُّزُولِ مِنْ غَمْسِ النَّصَارَى أَوْلَادَهُمْ فِي الْمَاءِ الْأَصْفَرِ، وَإِنْ لَمْ يُذْكَرْ ذَلِكَ لَفْظًا.

Thus, 'We have believed' includes God Almighty's purification of the souls of the believers, indicating it, so 'the dye of God' signifies God's purification, confirming the content of His saying: 'We have believed in God.' Then, he pointed to the occurrence of God's purification in the company of what is expressed by the dye, in terms of the manner of the occurrence of what is expressed as 'the dye of God' through dyeing, by way of estimation, in his saying: 'The origin of this—meaning in this meaning, which is the mention of purification using the word "dyeing"—is that the Christians used to immerse their children in yellow water, which they call baptism, and they say that it—meaning the immersion in that water—is a purification for them. So when one of them did that to his child, he would say: "Now he has truly become a Christian." Therefore, the Muslims were commanded to say to the Christians: "Say, 'We have believed in God'" (Al-Baqarah: 136), "And God has dyed us with faith with a dye unlike our dye, and has purified us with it with a purification unlike our purification." This is if the address in "Say, 'We have believed in God'" is to the disbelievers. But if the address is to the Muslims, the meaning is that the Muslims were commanded to say: "God has dyed us with faith with a dye, and He has not dyed your dye, O Christians." Thus, He expressed faith in God as 'the dye of God' for the sake of stylistic correspondence (mushakala), because it occurred in the company of the Christians' dye, estimated by this situational context which is the reason for the revelation, namely the Christians' immersion of their children in yellow water, even if that was not mentioned explicitly.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (11 verbs · 33 nouns)

• آمَنَ — to believe
• أَشَارَ — to point
• عَبَّرَ — to express
• وَجْهٌ — aspect
• تَحْسِينٌ — improvement
• كَلَامٌ — speech