Mukhtasar al-Ma'ani by al-Taftazani, Vol. 2 (مختصر المعاني) — Page 131

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

الْحَقِيقَةُ وَالْمَجَازُ كَلَامُ الْمَوْتَى مَعَ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: ﴿هَذَا مَا وَعَدَ الرَّحْمَنُ وَصَدَقَ الْمُرْسَلُونَ﴾ (يس: ٥٢) وَإِمَّا بَعْدَ الْبَعْثِ قَرِينَةٌ لَفْظِيَّةٌ الْبَعْثُ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ مُخْتَلِفَانِ أَي أَحَدُ الطَّرَفَيْنِ حِسِّيٌّ وَالْآخَرُ عَقْلِيٌّ، وَالْحِسِّيُّ هُوَ الْمُسْتَعَارُ مِنْهُ لَهُ عَطْفٌ عَلَى "إِمَّا عَقْلِيَّانِ" وَالْجَامِعُ عَقْلِيٌّ لَا مَحَالَةَ وَالْمُسْتَعَارُ لَهُ عَقْلِيٌّ نَحْوُ: ﴿فَاصْدَعْ بِمَا تُؤْمَرُ﴾ (الْحِجْرِ: ٩٤) فَإِنَّ الْمُسْتَعَارَ مِنْهُ كَسْرُ الزُّجَاجَةِ وَهُوَ حِسِّيٌّ، وَالْمُسْتَعَارُ لَهُ تَبْلِيغُ الرِّسَالَةِ بَيْنَ الْكَسْرِ وَالتَّبْلِيغِ وَالْجَامِعُ التَّأْثِيرُ، وَهُمَا عَقْلِيَّانِ وَالْمَعْنَى أَبِنِ الْأَمْرَ إِبَانَةً لَا تَنْمَحِي كَمَا لَا يَلْتَئِمُ صَدْعُ الزُّجَاجِ، وَإِمَّا عَكْسُ ذَلِكَ أَي مُخْتَلِفَانِ، وَالْحِسِّيُّ هُوَ الْمُسْتَعَارُ لَهُ نَحْوُ: ﴿إِنَّا لَمَّا طَغَا الْمَاءُ حَمَلْنَاكُمْ فِي الْجَارِيَةِ﴾ (الْحَاقَّةِ: ١١) فَإِنَّ الْمُسْتَعَارَ لَهُ كَثْرَةُ الْمَاءِ وَهُوَ حِسِّيٌّ، وَالْمُسْتَعَارُ مِنْهُ التَّكَبُّرُ، وَالْجَامِعُ الِاسْتِعْلَاءُ الْمُفْرِطُ وَهُمَا عَقْلِيَّانِ وَالِاسْتِعَارَةُ بِاعْتِبَارِ اللَّفْظِ الْمُسْتَعَارِ بَيْنَ التَّكَبُّرِ وَكَثْرَةِ الْمَاءِ طَلَبُ الْعُلُوِّ الْمُتَجَاوِزُ عَنِ الْحَدِّ التَّكَبُّرُ وَالِاسْتِعْلَاءُ قِسْمَانِ؛ لِأَنَّهُ أَي اللَّفْظُ الْمُسْتَعَارُ إِنْ كَانَ اسْمَ جِنْسٍ حَقِيقَةً أَوْ تَأْوِيلًا.

Literal and metaphorical speech of the dead, along with His saying, the Exalted: 'This is what the Most Gracious had promised, and the messengers spoke the truth' (Ya-Sin: 52), and either after the resurrection, a verbal indicator, the resurrection after death are two different things, meaning one of the two sides is sensory and the other is intellectual, and the sensory is the one from which it is borrowed, it is a conjunction to 'or they are both intellectual', and the unifying factor is inevitably intellectual, and the one to which it is borrowed is intellectual, such as: 'So proclaim what you are commanded' (Al-Hijr: 94), for the one from which it is borrowed is the breaking of glass, which is sensory, and the one to which it is borrowed is the conveying of the message, between the breaking and the conveying, and the unifying factor is the effect, and they are both intellectual, and the meaning is: make the matter clear with a clarity that does not fade, just as the crack in glass does not heal, or the opposite of that, meaning they are two different things, and the sensory is the one to which it is borrowed, such as: 'Indeed, when the water overflowed, We carried you in the sailing ship' (Al-Haqqah: 11), for the one to which it is borrowed is the abundance of water, which is sensory, and the one from which it is borrowed is arrogance, and the unifying factor is excessive elevation, and they are both intellectual, and the metaphor, considering the borrowed word between arrogance and the abundance of water, is the seeking of loftiness that exceeds the limit, arrogance and elevation are two categories; because it, meaning the borrowed word, if it is a generic noun in reality or interpretation.

أَصْلِيَّةٌ وَتَبَعِيَّةٌ مَعَ قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى إِلَخْ لِأَنَّ الَّذِي وَعَدَهُ الرَّحْمَنُ وَصَدَقَ فِيهِ الْمُرْسَلُونَ وَأَنْكَرَهُ الْقَائِلُونَ أَوَّلًا هُوَ الْبَعْثُ مِنَ الْمَوْتِ، لَا الرُّقَادُ الْحَقِيقِيُّ.

Original and derivative, along with His saying, the Exalted, etc., because what the Most Gracious promised and the messengers spoke the truth about, and which the speakers denied at first, is the resurrection from death, not actual sleep.

أَي أَحَدُ الطَّرَفَيْنِ إِلَخْ هَذَا يَشْمَلُ صُورَتَيْنِ: أَحَدُهُمَا أَنْ يَكُونَ الْمُسْتَعَارُ مِنْهُ حِسِّيًّا وَالْمُسْتَعَارُ لَهُ عَقْلِيًّا، وَالْأُخْرَى أَنْ يَكُونَ الْمُسْتَعَارُ مِنْهُ عَقْلِيًّا وَالْمُسْتَعَارُ لَهُ حِسِّيًّا.

Meaning 'one of the two sides', etc., this includes two scenarios: one of them is that the one from which it is borrowed is sensory and the one to which it is borrowed is intellectual, and the other is that the one from which it is borrowed is intellectual and the one to which it is borrowed is sensory.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (23 verbs · 85 nouns)

• وَعَدَ — to promise
• صَدَقَ — to be truthful
• صَدَعَ — to crack
• حَقِيقَة — reality
• مَجَاز — metaphor
• كَلَام — speech