Mukhtasar al-Ma'ani by al-Taftazani, Vol. 1 (مختصر المعاني) — Page 475

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

الْفَصْلُ وَالْوَصْلُ لِأَنَّ تَرْكَ الْعَطْفِ يُوهِمُ أَنَّهُ دُعَاءٌ عَلَى الْمُخَاطَبِ بِعَدَمِ التَّأْيِيدِ أَنَّ الْمَقْصُودَ الدُّعَاءُ لَهُ بِالتَّأْيِيدِ فَأَيْنَمَا وَقَعَ هَذَا الْكَلَامُ، فَالْمَعْطُوفُ عَلَيْهِ هُوَ مَضْمُونُ قَوْلِهِ: "لَا"، وَبَعْضُهُمْ لَمَّا لَمْ يَقِفْ عَلَى الْمَعْطُوفِ عَلَيْهِ فِي هَذَا الْكَلَامِ نَقَلَ عَنِ الثَّعَالِبِيِّ حِكَايَةً مُشْتَمِلَةً عَلَى قَوْلِهِ: لَا وَأَيَّدَكَ اللَّهُ وَنَحْوَهُ هُوَ الزَّوْزَنِيُّ قُلْتُ: لَا، وَأَيَّدَكَ اللَّهُ، وَزَعَمَ أَنَّ قَوْلَهُ: "وَأَيَّدَكَ اللَّهُ" عَطْفٌ عَلَى قَوْلِهِ: "قُلْتُ"، وَلَمْ يَعْرِفْ ذَلِكَ الْقَائِلُ أَنَّهُ لَوْ كَانَ كَذَلِكَ لَمْ يَدْخُلِ الدُّعَاءُ تَحْتَ الْقَوْلِ، وَأَنَّهُ لَوْ لَمْ يَحْكِ الْحِكَايَةَ فَحِينَ مَا قَالَ وَأَيَّدَكَ اللَّهُ مَعْطُوفًا عَلَى "قُلْتُ" أَيِ الثَّعَالِبِيُّ الْمُرَادُ مِنَ الْحِكَايَةِ قُلْتُ لِلْمُخَاطَبِ "لَا، وَأَيَّدَكَ اللَّهُ" فَلَا بُدَّ لَهُ مِنْ مَعْطُوفٍ عَلَيْهِ.

Separation and connection: because omitting the conjunction suggests that it is a supplication against the addressee for a lack of support, whereas the intention is a supplication for him for support; therefore, wherever this speech occurs, the element to which it is conjoined is the content of his saying: 'No,' and some, when they did not identify the element to which it is conjoined in this speech, narrated from al-Tha'alibi a story containing his saying: 'No, and may God support you' and the like, which is al-Zawzani, saying: 'No, and may God support you,' and he claimed that his saying: 'And may God support you' is a conjunction to his saying: 'I said,' and that speaker did not know that if it were so, the supplication would not enter under the saying, and that if he did not narrate the story, then when he said 'And may God support you' as a conjunction to 'I said'—meaning al-Tha'alibi—the intended meaning of the story is 'I said to the addressee: No, and may God support you,' so he must have an element to which it is conjoined.

وَأَمَّا التَّوَسُّطُ عَطْفٌ عَلَى قَوْلِهِ: بِدُونِ قُلْتُ جَوَابُ لَوْ لِأَنَّ تَرْكَ الْعَطْفِ إِلَخْ: قِيلَ: إِنَّ هَذَا الْوَهْمَ بَعْدَ إِيرَادِ الْعَاطِفِ بَاقٍ؛ لِأَنَّهُ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَكُونَ لِلْعَطْفِ عَلَى الْمَنْفِيِّ لَا عَلَى النَّفْيِ، وَإِذَا كَانَ الْعَطْفُ عَلَى الْمَنْفِيِّ كَانَتْ "لَا" مُسَلَّطَةً عَلَى الْمَعْطُوفِ وَالْجَوَابُ: أَنَّ الْعَطْفَ عَلَى الْمَنْفِيِّ الْمَحْذُوفِ مَعَ وُجُودِ الْمَذْكُورِ مِمَّا لَا يَذْهَبُ إِلَيْهِ الْوَهْمُ بِعَدَمِ التَّأْيِيدِ: فَلِدَفْعِ هَذَا الْوَهْمِ جِيءَ بِالْوَاوِ.

As for 'the intermediary'—a conjunction to his saying: 'without I said'—the answer to 'if' because 'omitting the conjunction, etc.': It is said that this illusion remains after introducing the conjunction; because it is permissible for it to be a conjunction to the negated element, not to the negation, and if the conjunction were to the negated element, 'No' would be imposed upon the conjoined element, and the answer is that a conjunction to a deleted negated element while the mentioned one exists is something that the illusion of a lack of support does not lead to; therefore, to repel this illusion, the 'wa' (and) was brought.

فَأَيْنَمَا وَقَعَ تَفْرِيعٌ عَلَى قَوْلِهِ لَكِنْ عَطَفْتُ عَلَيْهَا "أَيْنَ" شَرْطِيَّةٌ جَوَابُهَا قَوْلُهُ: فَالْمَعْطُوفُ إِلَخْ أَيْ فَأَيُّ مَحَلٍّ وَقَعَ فِيهِ هَذَا الْكَلَامُ، أَيْ مِثْلُ هَذَا الْكَلَامِ مِمَّا جُمِعَ فِيهِ بَيْنَ "لَا" الَّتِي لِرَدِّ كَلَامٍ سَابِقٍ وَجُمْلَةٍ دُعَائِيَّةٍ نَحْوَ: لَا وَنَصَرَكَ اللَّهُ، أَوْ لَا وَرَحِمَكَ اللَّهُ، أَوْ لَا وَأَصْلَحَكَ اللَّهُ، فَالْمَعْطُوفُ عَلَيْهِ هُوَ مَضْمُونُ قَوْلِهِ: "لَا" أَيْ مَا تَضَمَّنَهُ "لَا" مِنَ الْجُمْلَةِ.

'Wherever it occurs' is a derivation from his saying 'but I conjoined to it'; 'ayna' (where) is conditional, its answer is his saying: 'the conjoined element, etc.,' meaning in whatever place this speech occurred, i.e., such speech in which 'No,' which is for refuting a previous statement, is combined with a supplicatory sentence, such as: 'No, and may God grant you victory,' or 'No, and may God have mercy on you,' or 'No, and may God reform you,' then the element to which it is conjoined is the content of his saying: 'No,' meaning what 'No' contains of the sentence.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (33 verbs · 52 nouns)

• أَوْهَمَ — to cause to imagine
• وَقَعَ — to fall
• وَقَفَ — to encounter
• فَصْلٌ — separation
• وَصْلٌ — connection
• تَرْكٌ — abandonment