Mukhtasar al-Ma'ani by al-Taftazani, Vol. 1 (مختصر المعاني) — Page 461

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

الْفَصْلُ وَالْوَصْلُ وَالثَّانِي أَعْنِي الْمُنَزَّلَ مَنْزِلَةَ بَدَلِ الاشْتِمَالِ نَحْوَ: أَقُولُ لَهُ ارْحَلْ لا تُقِيمَنَّ عِنْدَنَا وَإِلا فَكُنْ فِي السِّرِّ وَالْجَهْرِ مُسْلِمَا

Separation and Connection: The second [type], meaning that which is placed in the position of a substitute of inclusion (badal al-ishtimal), is like [the verse]: 'I say to him, depart, do not stay with us, and if not, then be a Muslim in secret and in public.'

فَإِنَّ الْمُرَادَ بِهِ أَيْ بِقَوْلِهِ: "ارْحَلْ" كَمَالُ إِظْهَارِ الْكَرَاهَةِ لإِقَامَتِهِ أَيْ الْمُخَاطَبِ، وَقَوْلُهُ: "لا تُقِيمَنَّ عِنْدَنَا" أَوْفَى بِتَأْدِيَتِهِ لِدَلالَتِهِ أَيْ دَلالَةِ "لا تُقِيمَنَّ" عَلَيْهِ أَيْ عَلَى كَمَالِ إِظْهَارِ الْكَرَاهَةِ بِالْمُطَابَقَةِ مَعَ التَّأْكِيدِ الْحَاصِلِ مِنَ النُّونِ وَكَوْنِهَا مُطَابِقَةً بِاعْتِبَارِ الْوَضْعِ الْعُرْفِيِّ لا الْوَضْعِيِّ حَيْثُ يُقَالُ: "لا تَقُمْ عِنْدِي" وَلا يُقْصَدُ كَفُّهُ عَنِ الإِقَامَةِ، بَلْ مُجَرَّدُ إِظْهَارِ كَرَاهَةِ حُضُورِهِ، فَوَزَانُهُ أَيْ وَزَانُ "لا تُقِيمَنَّ عِنْدَنَا" لِلتَّعْلِيلِ أَيْ مَرْتَبَتُهُ مَعَ قَوْلِهِ: ارْحَلْ مَعْنًى مَنْزِلَةَ بَدَلِ الاشْتِمَالِ: أَيْ فِي الْمُفْرَدَاتِ فَلا يُقَالُ إِنَّ جُمْلَةَ "لا تُقِيمَنَّ عِنْدَنَا" بَدَلُ اشْتِمَالٍ، وَحِينَئِذٍ فَمَا التَّنْزِيلُ.

For the intended meaning of his saying 'depart' is the complete expression of dislike for his—that is, the addressee's—staying, and his saying 'do not stay with us' is more fulfilling in conveying this due to its indication—that is, the indication of 'do not stay'—of it, meaning the complete expression of dislike, by way of correspondence (mutabaqa), along with the emphasis derived from the [emphatic] nun, and its being a correspondence based on conventional usage (al-wad' al-'urfi) rather than linguistic usage (al-wad'i), as when it is said 'do not stay with me' and the intent is not to restrain him from staying, but merely to express dislike for his presence; thus its weight—that is, the weight of 'do not stay with us' for the purpose of explanation—meaning its rank with his saying 'depart' is that of a substitute of inclusion, meaning in terms of individual words, so it is not said that the sentence 'do not stay with us' is a substitute of inclusion, and in that case, what is the [nature of the] placement?

أَقُولُ لَهُ: قَالَ فِي شَرْحِ الشَّوَاهِدِ: لا يُعْلَمُ قَائِلُهُ وَمَعْنَى الْبَيْتِ: أَقُولُ لَهُ: حَيْثُ لَمْ يَكُنْ بَاطِنُكَ وَظَاهِرُكَ سَالِمًا مِنْ مُلابَسَةِ مَا لا يَنْبَغِي فِي شَأْنِنَا فَارْحَلْ وَلا تُقِيمَنَّ فِي حَضْرَتِنَا، وَقَوْلُهُ: "وَإِلا فَكُنْ إِلَخْ" أَيْ وَإِنْ لَمْ تَرْحَلْ فَكُنْ عَلَى مَا يَكُونُ الْمُسْلِمُ عَلَيْهِ مِنِ اسْتِوَاءِ الْحَالَيْنِ فِي السِّرِّ وَالْجَهْرِ أَيْ الظَّاهِرِ وَالْبَاطِنِ.

I say to him: He said in Sharh al-Shawahid: 'Its author is unknown,' and the meaning of the verse is: 'I say to him: Since your inner and outer self are not free from involvement in what is not appropriate for our status, then depart and do not stay in our presence,' and his saying 'and if not, then be, etc.' means: 'And if you do not depart, then be as a Muslim should be, in terms of the equality of the two states in secret and in public,' meaning the outer and the inner.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (25 verbs · 68 nouns)

• عَنَى — to mean
• نَزَّلَ — to treat as
• قَالَ — to say
• فَصْل — separation
• وَصْل — connection
• ثَانِي — second