Mukhtasar al-Ma'ani by al-Taftazani, Vol. 1 (مختصر المعاني) — Page 100

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

الْفَنُّ الْأَوَّلُ ٩٩ الْإِسْنَادُ الْخَبَرِيُّ يَعْنِي يَجِبُ زِيَادَةُ التَّأْكِيدِ بِحَسَبِ ازْدِيَادِ الْإِنْكَارِ إِزَالَةً لَهُ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى حِكَايَةً عَنْ تَمْثِيلٍ لِلْقِسْمِ الثَّالِثِ رُسُلِ عِيسَى حِينَ أَرْسَلَهُمْ إِلَى أَهْلِ أَنْطَاكِيَةَ إِذْ كَذَّبُوا فِي الْمَرَّةِ الْأُولَى ﴿إِنَّا إِلَيْكُمْ مُرْسَلُونَ﴾ مُؤَكَّدًا بِـ"إِنَّ" وَاسْمِيَّةِ الْجُمْلَةِ، وَفِي الْمَرَّةِ الثَّانِيَةِ ﴿قَالُوا رَبُّنَا يَعْلَمُ إِنَّا إِلَيْكُمْ لَمُرْسَلُونَ﴾ مُؤَكَّدًا بِالْقَسَمِ وَ"إِنَّ"، وَاللَّامِ، وَاسْمِيَّةِ الْجُمْلَةِ لِمُبَالَغَةِ الْمُخَاطَبِينَ فِي الْإِنْكَارِ حَيْثُ قَالُوا ﴿مَا أَنْتُمْ إِلَّا بَشَرٌ مِثْلُنَا وَمَا أَنْزَلَ الرَّحْمَنُ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِنْ أَنْتُمْ إِلَّا تَكْذِبُونَ﴾ وَقَوْلُهُ: إِذْ كَذَّبُوا مَبْنِيٌّ عَلَى أَنَّ تَكْذِيبَ الِاثْنَيْنِ تَكْذِيبُ الثَّلَاثَةِ، يَعْنِي يَجِبُ: أَشَارَ الشَّارِحُ بِهَذَا إِلَى تَقْدِيرِ مُضَافٍ فِي الْمَتْنِ وَهُوَ الزِّيَادَةُ؛ لِيَتَعَلَّقَ بِهِ قَوْلُهُ "بِحَسَبِ" وَالتَّقْدِيرُ وَجَبَ زِيَادَةُ تَوْكِيدِهِ، وَغَرَضُهُ مِنْهُ الْفِرَارُ مِنْ تَعَلُّقِ قَوْلِهِ: "بِحَسَبِ" بِقَوْلِهِ: "وَجَبَ"، لِأَنَّ الظَّاهِرَ أَنَّ الْوُجُوبَ لَا يَتَفَاوَتُ وَلَا يَتَعَدَّدُ؛ لِأَنَّهُ اللُّزُومُ وَهُوَ شَيْءٌ وَاحِدٌ، وَتَعَلُّقُهُ بِهِ يَقْتَضِي تَفَاوُتَهُ وَتَعَدُّدَهُ كَمَا قَالَ إِلَخْ: إِنْ أُرِيدَ بِهِ التَّمْثِيلُ كَمَا الْمُتَبَادَرُ فَهُوَ ظَاهِرٌ وَإِنْ أُرِيدَ الِاسْتِدْلَالُ عَلَى الْوُجُوبِ فَفِيهِ أَنَّهُ لَا دَلَالَةَ فِي الْآيَةِ عَلَى وُجُوبِ التَّأْكِيدِ وَلَا عَلَى وُجُوبِ كَوْنِهِ بِقَدْرِ الْإِنْكَارِ، بَلْ يُحْتَمَلُ أَنَّ كُلًّا مِنَ التَّأْكِيدِ وَكَوْنِهِ بِقَدْرِ الْإِنْكَارِ اسْتِحْسَانِيٌّ.

The First Art 99: The Informative Predication means that the increase of emphasis is necessary according to the increase of denial, in order to remove it, as God Almighty said, narrating an example for the third category, the messengers of Jesus when He sent them to the people of Antioch, when they denied them the first time: 'Indeed, we are messengers to you,' emphasized by 'inna' and the nominal nature of the sentence; and the second time: 'They said, Our Lord knows that we are indeed messengers to you,' emphasized by the oath, 'inna', the 'lam', and the nominal nature of the sentence, due to the exaggeration of the addressees in denial, as they said: 'You are not but human beings like us, and the Most Merciful has not sent down anything; you are only lying.' And his saying: 'when they denied' is based on the fact that the denial of the two is the denial of the three. 'Meaning it is necessary': The commentator indicated by this the estimation of an added word in the text, which is 'increase', so that his saying 'according to' may relate to it, and the estimation is 'the increase of its emphasis became necessary.' His purpose in this is to avoid the relation of his saying 'according to' to his saying 'became necessary,' because the apparent meaning is that necessity does not vary or multiply, because it is obligation, and it is one thing, while its relation to it would necessitate its variation and multiplication, as he said, etc.: If it is intended as an example, as is immediately understood, then it is clear; but if it is intended as an argument for necessity, then the response is that there is no indication in the verse for the necessity of emphasis, nor for the necessity of it being in proportion to the denial; rather, it is possible that both the emphasis and its being in proportion to the denial are matters of preference.

رُسُلُ عِيسَى وَهُمْ بُولُسُ بِفَتْحِ الْمُوَحَّدَةِ وَسُكُونِ الْوَاوِ وَفَتْحِ اللَّامِ وَبَعْدَهَا شِينٌ مُعْجَمَةٌ وَيُوحَنَّا وَشَمْعُونُ وَهُوَ الثَّالِثُ الَّذِي عَزَّزَهُمَا بَعْدَ تَكْذِيبِهِمَا، هَذَا هُوَ الصَّحِيحُ.

The messengers of Jesus are Paul—with a fatha on the ba, a sukun on the waw, a fatha on the lam, followed by a dotted shin—John, and Simon, who is the third one who strengthened them after they were denied; this is the correct view.

وَمَا قِيلَ إِنَّهُمْ يَحْيَى وَشَمْعُونُ وَالثَّالِثُ الَّذِي عَزَّزَهُمَا بُولُسُ أَوْ حَبِيبٌ النَّجَّارُ فَغَيْرُ مَوْثُوقٍ بِهِ كَمَا اعْتَرَفَ بِهِ الشَّارِحُ مَأْخُوذٌ مِنَ الدَّسُوقِيِّ وَالتَّجْرِيدِ إِذْ كَذَّبُوا إِلَخْ: "إِذْ" ظَرْفٌ لِمُضَافٍ مَحْذُوفٍ أَيْ قَالَ تَعَالَى حِكَايَةً عَنْ قَوْلِ الرُّسُلِ إِذْ كَذَّبُوا، أَوْ خَبَرُ الْمَحْذُوفِ، وَالْجُمْلَةُ مُسْتَأْنَفَةٌ أَيْ وَهَذَا الْمَحْكِيُّ صَادِرٌ عَنْهُمْ إِذْ كَذَّبُوا، وَلَا يَصِحُّ أَنْ يَكُونَ ظَرْفًا لِـ "قَالَ" أَوْ لِـ "حِكَايَةٍ" مُتَأَخِّرَانِ عَنْ وَقْتِ التَّكْذِيبِ وَلَمْ يَكُونَا فِي ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتِ.

And what has been said, that they are John, Simon, and the third who strengthened them is Paul or Habib the Carpenter, is not reliable, as the commentator admitted, taken from Al-Dasuqi and Al-Tajrid. 'When they denied' etc.: 'Idh' (when) is an adverb for an omitted added word, meaning: God Almighty said, narrating the speech of the messengers when they denied, or it is the predicate of an omitted subject, and the sentence is a new beginning, meaning: this narrated speech was issued by them when they denied. It is not correct for it to be an adverb for 'said' or 'narration' because they are later than the time of denial and were not present at that time.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (32 verbs · 65 nouns)

• وَجَبَ — to be necessary
• قَالَ — to say
• أَرْسَلَ — to send
• فَنٌّ — art
• إِسْنَادٌ — attribution
• زِيَادَةٌ — increase