Madinah Arabic Book 3 — Page 8

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

المَقْصُورُ : هُوَ الِاسْمُ المُعْرَبُ الَّذِي آخِرُهُ أَلِفٌ لَازِمَةٌ، نَحْوَ: المُسْتَشْفَى . الفَتَى . العَصَا

The Maqsur: It is the inflected noun whose end is a necessary alif, such as: the hospital, the youth, the stick.

تُقَدَّرُ فِيهِ العَلَامَاتُ الثَّلَاثُ، نَحْوَ : قَتَلَ الفَتَى الأَفْعَى بِالعَصَا

The three signs are estimated in it, such as: The youth killed the snake with the stick.

تَقُولُ فِي إِعْرَابِ هَذِهِ الكَلِمَاتِ : (الفَتَى) : فَاعِلٌ مَرْفُوعٌ ، عَلَامَةُ رَفْعِهِ ضَمَّةٌ مُقَدَّرَةٌ .

You say in the parsing of these words: (The youth): a nominative subject, the sign of its nominative case is an estimated damma.

(الأَفْعَى) : مَفْعُولٌ بِهِ مَنْصُوبٌ ، عَلَامَةُ نَصْبِهِ فَتْحَةٌ مُقَدَّرَةٌ .

(The snake): an accusative object, the sign of its accusative case is an estimated fatha.

(العَصَا) : مَجْرُورٌ بِـ (البَاءِ) ، عَلَامَةُ جَرِّهِ كَسْرَةٌ مُقَدَّرَةٌ .

(The stick): genitive by (the ba), the sign of its genitive case is an estimated kasra.

المَنْقُوصُ : هُوَ الِاسْمُ المُعْرَبُ الَّذِي آخِرُهُ يَاءٌ لَازِمَةٌ مَكْسُورٌ مَا قَبْلَهَا نَحْوَ: القَاضِي، المُحَامِي، الثَّانِي، المَاضِي، الوَادِي، المَعَانِي .

The Manqus: It is the inflected noun whose end is a necessary ya, with what precedes it being broken, such as: the judge, the lawyer, the second, the past, the valley, the meanings.

تُقَدَّرُ فِيهِ الضَّمَّةُ وَالكَسْرَةُ، وَتَظْهَرُ فِيهِ الفَتْحَةُ نَحْوَ : سَأَلَ القَاضِي المُحَامِيَ عَنِ الجَانِي.

The damma and the kasra are estimated in it, and the fatha appears in it, such as: The judge asked the lawyer about the perpetrator.

إِذَا نُوِّنَ المَقْصُورُ حُذِفَتِ الأَلِفُ فِي النُّطْقِ لِالْتِقَاءِ السَّاكِنَيْنِ

If the Maqsur is tanwin-marked, the alif is deleted in pronunciation due to the meeting of two quiescent letters.

Vocabulary · المفردات (12 verbs · 43 nouns)

• قَتَلَ — to kill
• قَدَّرَ — to estimate
• قَالَ — to say
• رَفَعَ — to be nominative
• نَصَبَ — to be accusative
• جَرَّ — to be genitive
• كَسَرَ — to be kasra
• ظَهَرَ — to appear
• سَأَلَ — to ask
• نَوَّنَ — to tanwin
• حَذَفَ — to delete
• اِتَّصَلَ — to connect
• مَقْصُور — maqsur
• اِسْم — noun
• مُعْرَب — inflected
• آخِرٌ — end
• أَلِف — alif
• لَازِم — necessary
• مُسْتَشْفًى — hospital
• فَتًى — youth
• عَصًا — stick
• عَلَامَةٌ — sign
• ثَلَاث — three
• أَفْعًى — snake
• إِعْرَاب — grammatical inflection
• كَلِمَة — word
• فَاعِل — subject
• مَرْفُوع — nominative
• ضَمَّة — damma
• مُقَدَّر — estimated
• مَفْعُول — object
• مَنْصُوب — accusative
• فَتْحَة — fatha
• مَجْرُور — genitive
• بَاء — ba
• جَرٌّ — genitive case
• كَسْرَة — kasra
• مَنْقُوص — manqus
• يَاء — ya
• مَكْسُور — broken
• قَاض — judge
• مُحَام — lawyer
• ثَان — second
• مَاض — past
• وَاد — valley
• مَعْنًى — meaning
• جَانٍ — perpetrator
• ظَاهِر — apparent
• نُطْق — pronunciation
• اِلْتِقَاء — meeting
• سَاكِن — quiescent
• حِين — time
• مَحْذُوف — deleted
• مُصْطَفًى — mustafa
• ضُحًى — forenoon