Madinah Arabic Book 3 — Page 20

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

عَنْ جَابِرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَهُوَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَقَالَ: «صَلِّ رَكْعَتَيْنِ».

On the authority of Jabir, may Allah be pleased with him, he said: I came to the Prophet (peace be upon him) while he was in the mosque, and he said: 'Pray two rak'ahs.'

أَشْرَحُ لَكُمُ الدَّرْسَ الْآنَ فَاسْمَعُوا وَلَا تَكْتُبُوا شَيْئًا وَأَنَا أَشْرَحُ.

I am explaining the lesson to you now, so listen and do not write anything while I am explaining.

تَأْتِي الْوَاوُ لِمَعَانٍ كَثِيرَةٍ، مِنْهَا الْعَطْفُ، نَحْوُ: خَرَجَ الزُّبَيْرُ وَحَامِدٌ.

The waw comes for many meanings, among them is conjunction, such as: Al-Zubayr and Hamid went out.

دَرَسْنَا الْيَوْمَ السِّيرَةَ وَالْفِقْهَ.

We studied today the biography and jurisprudence.

أَكَلْتُ وَشَرِبْتُ.

I ate and drank.

وَمِنْهَا: الْقَسَمُ، نَحْوُ وَاللهِ مَا رَأَيْتُهُ.

And among them is the oath, such as: By Allah, I did not see him.

وَوَاوُ الْقَسَمِ مِنْ حُرُوفِ الْجَرِّ.

And the waw of the oath is from the letters of genitive case.

وَمِنْهَا: الْحَالُ نَحْوُ أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَهُوَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ، أَيْ حَالَ كَوْنِهِ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ.

And among them is the state, such as: I came to the Prophet (peace be upon him) while he was in the mosque, meaning in the state of his being in the mosque.

رَأَيْتُ الْحَسَنَ وَهُوَ يَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْمَقْصِفِ أَيْ حَالَ خُرُوجِهِ مِنْهُ.

I saw Al-Hasan while he was exiting from the canteen, meaning in the state of his exiting from it.

وَإِلَيْكُمْ أَمْثِلَةً أُخْرَى لِوَاوِ الْحَالِ:

And here are other examples for the waw of state:

(١) مَاتَ أَبِي وَأَنَا صَغِيرٌ.

(1) My father died while I was young.

(٢) دَخَلْتُ الْمَسْجِدَ وَالْإِمَامُ يَرْكَعُ.

(2) I entered the mosque while the imam was bowing.

(٣) لَا تَأْكُلْ وَأَنْتَ شَبْعَانُ.

(3) Do not eat while you are full.

لَعَلَّكُمْ فَهِمْتُمْ. هَاتِ الْآنَ مِثَالًا لِوَاوِ الْعَطْفِ يَا أَيُّوبُ.

Perhaps you have understood. Give now an example for the waw of conjunction, O Ayyub.

أَيُّوبُ: ذَهَبْتُ إِلَى السُّوقِ وَاشْتَرَيْتُ أَشْيَاءَ.

Ayyub: I went to the market and bought things.

الْمُدَرِّسُ: أَحْسَنْتَ. هَاتِ مِثَالًا لِوَاوِ الْقَسَمِ يَا مُعَاوِيَةُ.

The teacher: You did well. Give an example for the waw of the oath, O Mu'awiyah.

مُعَاوِيَةُ: وَاللهِ مَا غِبْتُ قَطُّ.

Mu'awiyah: By Allah, I have never been absent.

الْمُدَرِّسُ: أَحْسَنْتَ. هَاتِ مِثَالًا لِوَاوِ الْحَالِ يَا فَيْصَلُ.

The teacher: You did well. Give an example for the waw of state, O Faysal.

فَيْصَلُ: دَخَلْتُ الْمَسْجِدَ وَالْإِمَامُ يَخْطُبُ.

Faysal: I entered the mosque while the imam was delivering the sermon.

Vocabulary · المفردات (21 verbs · 26 nouns)

• رَضِيَ — to take pleasure
• قَالَ — to say
• أَتَى — to come
• صَلَّى — to pray
• شَرَحَ — to explain
• سَمِعَ — to hear
• كَتَبَ — to write
• خَرَجَ — to exit
• دَرَسَ — to study
• أَكَلَ — to eat
• شَرِبَ — to drink
• رَأَى — to see
• مَاتَ — to die
• دَخَلَ — to enter
• رَكَعَ — to bow
• فَهِمَ — to understand
• ذَهَبَ — to go
• اشْتَرَى — to buy
• أَحْسَنَ — to do well
• غَابَ — to stay away
• خَطَبَ — to deliver a sermon
• نَبِيٌّ — prophet
• مَسْجِد — mosque
• رَكْعَة — rak'ah
• مُدَرِّس — teacher
• دَرْس — lesson
• شَيْء — thing
• وَاو — waw
• مَعْنًى — meaning
• عَطْف — conjunction
• يَوْم — day
• سِيرَة — biography
• فِقْه — jurisprudence
• قَسَمٌ — oath
• حَرْف — letter
• جَرٌّ — genitive case
• حَال — state
• كَوْن — being
• مَقْصِفٌ — canteen
• خُرُوج — exit
• مِثَال — example
• أَبٌ — father
• صَغِير — young
• إِمَام — imam
• شَبْعَان — full
• سُوقٌ — market
• مُتَّفَق — agreed upon