Madinah Arabic Book 3 — Page 15

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

لِلْمَجْرُورَاتِ: (١) الْمُضَافُ إِلَيْهِ: الْقُرْآنُ كِتَابُ اللهِ.

Regarding the genitive cases: (1) The genitive construct (al-mudaf ilayhi): The Quran is the Book of Allah.

(٢) الْمَسْبُوقُ بِحَرْفِ جَرٍّ: الطُّلَّابُ فِي الْفَصْلِ.

(2) That which is preceded by a preposition: The students are in the classroom.

التَّوَابِعُ: التَّابِعُ هُوَ الِاسْمُ الْمُشَارِكُ لِمَا قَبْلَهُ فِي إِعْرَابِهِ مُطْلَقاً.

The followers (al-tawabi'): The follower is the noun that shares the same grammatical case as what precedes it absolutely.

وَهُوَ عَلَى أَرْبَعَةِ أَنْوَاعٍ: النَّعْتُ، وَالتَّوْكِيدُ، وَالْعَطْفُ، وَالْبَدَلُ.

It is of four types: the adjective (al-na't), the emphasis (al-tawkid), the conjunction (al-'atf), and the substitution (al-badal).

وَإِلَيْكَ الْأَمْثِلَةُ:

And here are the examples for you:

(١) النَّعْتُ: الْمَرْفُوعُ: أَحَضَرَ الطَّالِبُ الْجَدِيدُ؟

(1) The adjective: The nominative: Did the new student arrive?

الْمَنْصُوبُ: يَطْلُبُ الْمُدِيرُ الطَّالِبَ الْجَدِيدَ.

The accusative: The principal is asking for the new student.

الْمَجْرُورُ: هَذَا دَفْتَرُ الطَّالِبِ الْجَدِيدِ.

The genitive: This is the new student's notebook.

(٢) التَّوْكِيدُ: الْمَرْفُوعُ: حَضَرَ الطُّلَّابُ كُلُّهُمْ.

(2) The emphasis: The nominative: All the students arrived.

قَالَ لِي هَذَا الْمُدِيرُ نَفْسُهُ.

This principal himself said it to me.

الْمَنْصُوبُ: سَأَلْتُ الطُّلَّابَ كُلَّهُمْ.

The accusative: I asked all the students.

سَأَلْتُ الْمُدِيرَ نَفْسَهُ.

I asked the principal himself.

الْمَجْرُورُ: سَلَّمْتُ عَلَى الطُّلَّابِ كُلِّهِمْ.

The genitive: I greeted all the students.

سَلَّمْتُ عَلَى الْمُدِيرِ نَفْسِهِ.

I greeted the principal himself.

Vocabulary · المفردات (6 verbs · 28 nouns)

• حَضَرَ — to attend
• أَحْضَرَ — to bring
• طَلَبَ — to request
• قَالَ — to say
• سَأَلَ — to ask
• سَلَّمَ — to greet
• مَجْرُور — genitive noun
• مُضَاف — annexed noun
• قُرْآن — Quran
• كِتَاب — book
• حَرْف — letter/particle
• جَرٌّ — genitive case
• طَالِب — student
• فَصْل — classroom
• تَابِع — follower
• اسْمٌ — noun
• مُشَارِك — participant
• إِعْرَاب — grammatical inflection
• مُطْلَق — absolute
• أَرْبَعَة — four
• نَوْع — type
• نَعْت — adjective
• تَوْكِيد — emphasis
• عَطْف — conjunction
• بَدَل — substitution
• مِثَال — example
• مَرْفُوع — nominative
• جَدِيد — new
• مَنْصُوب — accusative
• مُدِير — manager/principal
• دَفْتَر — notebook
• كُلٌّ — all
• نَفْس — self
• مَسْبُوق — preceded