Egyptian Arabic Curriculum — Grade 9 — Page 18

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

لُغَوِيَّاتٌ وَتَرَاكِيبُ.

Linguistics and syntax.

ثَانِيًا: النَّكِرَةُ الْمَقْصُودَةُ.

Second: The intended indefinite noun.

الْوَحْدَةُ الْأُولَى.

Unit One.

الدَّرْسُ الثَّانِي.

Lesson Two.

تَابِعُ الْمُنَادَى.

Continuation of the vocative.

وَهِيَ الَّتِي تُوَجِّهُ حَدِيثَكَ فِيهَا لِمَنْ تُخَاطِبُهُ بِصِيغَةِ النَّكِرَةِ مِثْلُ يَا طَالِبَةً اجْتَهِدِي، يَا طَالِبَتَانِ اجْتَهِدَا.

This is when you address someone using an indefinite form, such as, "O student, work hard," or "O two students, work hard."

الْإِيضَاحُ: بِتَأَمُّلِ الْأَمْثِلَةِ السَّابِقَةِ تَجِدُ أَنَّ الْمُنَادَى فِيهَا لَيْسَ مُضَافًا، وَلَا شَبِيهًا بِالْمُضَافِ، وَلِذَلِكَ يُسَمَّى بِالْمُنَادَى الْمُفْرَدِ كَمَا فِي "أ" أَوِ النَّكِرَةِ الْمَقْصُودَةِ فِي "ب".

Explanation: Looking at the previous examples, you will find that the vocative is neither a genitive construction nor similar to one. Therefore, it is called a singular vocative, as in group A, or an intended indefinite, as in group B.

لَاحِظِ الْأَمْثِلَةَ التَّالِيَةَ: يَا خَالِدُ، يَا طَالِبَةُ، يَا طَالِبَاتُ، يَا طُلَّابُ. يَا خَالِدَانِ، يَا طَالِبَتَانِ، يَا خَالِدُونَ.

Observe the following examples: O Khalid, O student, O students (female), O students (male), O two Khalids, O two students, O Khalids.

الْإِيضَاحُ: بِتَأَمُّلِ إِعْرَابِ الْأَمْثِلَةِ السَّابِقَةِ تَجِدُ أَنَّهَا مَبْنِيَّةٌ:

Explanation: By examining the parsing of the previous examples, you will find that they are indeclinable:

عَلَى الضَّمِّ مَعَ: الْمُفْرَدِ، مُذَكَّرًا أَوْ مُؤَنَّثًا وَجَمْعِ الْمُؤَنَّثِ السَّالِمِ وَجَمْعِ التَّكْسِيرِ فِي (١).

They take a damma when they are singular (masculine or feminine), sound feminine plurals, or broken plurals, as in (1).

وَعَلَى الْأَلِفِ مَعَ: الْمُثَنَّى فِي (٢).

They take an alif when they are dual, as in (2).

وَعَلَى الْوَاوِ مَعَ: جَمْعِ الْمُذَكَّرِ السَّالِمِ فِي (٣).

They take a waw when they are sound masculine plurals, as in (3).

Vocabulary · المفردات (7 verbs · 34 nouns)

• وَجَّهَ — to direct
• خَاطَبَ — to address
• اِجْتَهَدَ — to strive
• وَجَدَ — to find
• سَمَّى — to name
• لَاحَظَ — to observe
• بَنَى — to build
• لُغَوِيَّة — linguistics (field of study); linguistic (feminine adjective)
• تَرْكِيب — structure
• نَكِرَة — indefinite
• مَقْصُود — intended
• وَحْدَة — unit
• أَوَّل — first
• دَرْس — lesson
• ثَانِي — second
• تَابِع — continuation
• مُنَادَى — vocative
• حَدِيث — speech
• صِيغَة — form
• مِثْل — example
• طَالِب — student
• إِيضَاح — clarification
• تَأَمُّل — contemplation
• مِثَال — an example
• سَابِق — previous
• مُضَاف — genitive
• شَبِيه — similar
• مُفْرَد — singular
• تَالِي — following
• إِعْرَاب — parsing
• مَبْنِيّ — indeclinable
• ضَمّ — damma
• مُذَكَّر — masculine
• مُؤَنَّث — feminine
• جَمْع — plural
• سَالِم — safe; sound; intact; healthy
• تَكْسِير — broken
• أَلِف — alif
• مُثَنَّى — dual
• وَاو — letter waw
• أُولَى — first (feminine)