Egyptian Arabic Curriculum — Grade 4, Semester 2 — Page 15

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

الدَّرْسُ الثَّانِي: هَلْ فَكَّرْتَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْشُرَ؟

Lesson Two: Have you thought before you post?

الْقَوَاعِدُ النَّحْوِيَّةُ مُرَاجَعَةٌ عَلَى رُكْنَيِ الْجُمْلَةِ الِاسْمِيَّةِ.

Grammar Review: The two components of the nominal sentence.

الْجُمْلَةُ الِاسْمِيَّةُ: تَتَكَوَّنُ مِنْ مُبْتَدَأٍ وَخَبَرٍ.

The nominal sentence consists of a subject and a predicate.

الْمُبْتَدَأُ: هُوَ الِاسْمُ الَّذِي نَبْدَأُ بِهِ الْجُمْلَةَ الِاسْمِيَّةَ وَهُوَ الرُّكْنُ الْأَوَّلُ فِيهَا، وَيَكُونُ مَرْفُوعًا.

The subject is the noun that begins the nominal sentence. It is the first component and is always in the nominative case.

تَذَكَّرْ يَا صَدِيقِي.

Remember this, my friend.

الْخَبَرُ: هُوَ الرُّكْنُ الَّذِي يَتِمُّ بِهِ مَعْنَى الْجُمْلَةِ، وَيَكُونُ مَرْفُوعًا أَيْضًا.

The predicate is the component that completes the meaning of the sentence and is also in the nominative case.

عَلَامَةُ رَفْعِ (الْمُبْتَدَأِ وَالْخَبَرِ) (الْمُفْرَدِ، وَجَمْعِ التَّكْسِيرِ، وَجَمْعِ الْمُؤَنَّثِ السَّالِمِ) هِيَ الضَّمَّةُ.

The nominative marker for singular nouns, broken plurals, and sound feminine plurals is the damma.

عَلَامَةُ رَفْعِ (الْمُبْتَدَأِ وَالْخَبَرِ) الْمُثَنَّى هِيَ الْأَلِفُ.

The nominative marker for dual nouns is the alif.

عَلَامَةُ رَفْعِ (الْمُبْتَدَأِ وَالْخَبَرِ) جَمْعِ الْمُذَكَّرِ السَّالِمِ هِيَ الْوَاوُ.

The nominative marker for sound masculine plurals is the waw.

أُجِيبُ بِمَا هُوَ مَطْلُوبٌ بَيْنَ الْقَوْسَيْنِ:

Provide the required answers in the parentheses:

(أ) السَّمَاءُ صَافِيَةٌ.

(a) The sky is clear.

(ب) الطَّبِيبَتَانِ مَاهِرَتَانِ.

(b) The two doctors are skilled.

(ج) الْفَوَاكِهُ مُفِيدَةٌ لِلصِّحَّةِ.

(c) Fruit is healthy.

(د) الْحُجْرَةُ نَظِيفَةٌ.

(d) The room is clean.

أُحَوِّلُ الْجُمَلَ الْآتِيَةَ حَسَبَ الْمَطْلُوبِ مُوَضِّحًا عَلَامَةَ رَفْعِ الْمُبْتَدَأِ وَالْخَبَرِ كَالْمِثَالِ:

Convert the following sentences as requested, noting the nominative marker for the subject and predicate as shown in the example:

(اسْتَخْرِجِ الْمُبْتَدَأَ) (حَدِّدْ عَلَامَةَ رَفْعِ الْخَبَرِ) (اسْتَخْرِجِ الْخَبَرَ) (حَدِّدْ عَلَامَةَ رَفْعِ الْمُبْتَدَأِ)

(Identify the subject) (Identify the predicate's nominative marker) (Identify the predicate) (Identify the subject's nominative marker)

(أ) اللَّوْحَةُ جَمِيلَةٌ.

(a) The painting is beautiful.

التَّحْوِيلُ لِلْمُثَنَّى: اللَّوْحَتَانِ جَمِيلَتَانِ.

Convert to dual: The two paintings are beautiful.

عَلَامَةُ رَفْعِ الْمُبْتَدَأِ وَالْخَبَرِ: الْأَلِفُ.

Nominative marker: alif.

(ب) الْفَتَاةُ مُهَذَّبَةٌ.

(b) The girl is polite.

التَّحْوِيلُ لِلْمُثَنَّى:

Convert to dual:

(ج) الْبَابُ مَفْتُوحٌ.

(c) The door is open.

التَّحْوِيلُ لِلْجَمْعِ:

Convert to plural:

(د) النَّخْلَةُ طَوِيلَةٌ.

(d) The palm tree is tall.

التَّحْوِيلُ لِلْمُثَنَّى:

Convert to dual:

أَخْتَارُ الْإِجَابَةَ الصَّحِيحَةَ مِمَّا بَيْنَ الْقَوْسَيْنِ:

Choose the correct answer from the parentheses:

(أ) التَّلَامِيذُ (مُنْتَبِهَانِ - مُنْتَبِهِينَ - مُنْتَبِهُونَ).

(a) The students are (attentive [dual] - attentive [accusative/genitive] - attentive [plural]).

(ب) الْفَائِزَانِ بِالْجَائِزَةِ (مَسْرُورٌ - مَسْرُورُونَ - مَسْرُورَانِ).

(b) The two prize winners are (happy [singular] - happy [plural] - happy [dual]).

(ج) (الْفَلَّاحُونَ - الْفَلَّاحُ - الْفَلَّاحَانِ) مُجْتَهِدٌ فِي عَمَلِهِ.

(c) (The farmers - The farmer - The two farmers) is diligent in his work.

(د) الْمُذِيعَاتُ (مُتَمَيِّزُونَ - مُتَمَيِّزَانِ - مُتَمَيِّزَاتٌ).

(d) The female announcers are (distinguished [masculine plural] - distinguished [dual] - distinguished [feminine plural]).

Vocabulary · المفردات (13 verbs · 54 nouns)

• فَكَّرَ — to think
• نَشَرَ — to publish
• تَكَوَّنَ — to consist
• بَدَأَ — to begin
• كَانَ — to be
• ذَكَرَ — to remember
• تَمَّ — to be completed
• أَجَابَ — to answer
• حَوَّلَ — to convert
• وَضَّحَ — to clarify
• اسْتَخْرَجَ — to extract
• حَدَّدَ — to determine
• اخْتَارَ — to choose
• دَرْسٌ — lesson
• قَاعِدَةٌ — rule
• مُرَاجَعَةٌ — review
• رُكْنٌ — pillar
• جُمْلَةٌ — sentence
• مُبْتَدَأٌ — subject
• خَبَرٌ — predicate
• اسْمٌ — noun
• صَدِيقٌ — friend
• مَعْنًى — meaning
• عَلَامَةٌ — sign
• رَفْعٌ — nominative case
• مُفْرَدٌ — singular
• جَمْعٌ — plural
• تَكْسِيرٌ — broken plural
• مُؤَنَّثٌ — feminine
• سَالِمٌ — sound
• ضَمَّةٌ — damma
• مُثَنَّى — dual
• أَلِفٌ — alif
• مُذَكَّرٌ — masculine
• وَاوٌ — waw
• قَوْسٌ — parenthesis
• سَمَاءٌ — sky
• صَافِيَةٌ — clear
• طَبِيبَةٌ — doctor (female)
• مَاهِرَةٌ — skilled
• فَاكِهَةٌ — fruit
• مُفِيدَةٌ — useful (female)
• صِحَّةٌ — health
• حُجْرَةٌ — room
• نَظِيفَةٌ — clean
• مِثَالٌ — an example
• لَوْحَةٌ — board
• جَمِيلَةٌ — beautiful
• تَحْوِيلٌ — conversion
• فَتَاةٌ — girl
• مُهَذَّبَةٌ — polite (female)
• بَابٌ — door
• مَفْتُوحٌ — open
• نَخْلَةٌ — palm tree
• طَوِيلَةٌ — tall (female)
• إِجَابَةٌ — answer
• صَحِيحَةٌ — correct (female)
• تِلْمِيذٌ — student
• مُنْتَبِهٌ — attentive
• فَائِزٌ — winner (male)
• جَائِزَةٌ — prize
• مَسْرُورٌ — happy (male)
• فَلَّاحٌ — farmer
• مُجْتَهِدٌ — diligent
• عَمَلٌ — work
• مُذِيعَةٌ — broadcaster (female)
• مُتَمَيِّزٌ — distinguished (male)