Egyptian Arabic Curriculum — Grade 4, Semester 2 — Page 15

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

الدَّرْسُ الثَّانِي: هَلْ فَكَّرْتَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَنْشُرَ؟

Lesson Two: Did you think before you published?

الْقَوَاعِدُ النَّحْوِيَّةُ مُرَاجَعَةٌ عَلَى رُكْنَيِ الْجُمْلَةِ الِاسْمِيَّةِ.

Grammar: A review of the two pillars of the nominal sentence.

الْجُمْلَةُ الِاسْمِيَّةُ: تَتَكَوَّنُ مِنْ مُبْتَدَأٍ وَخَبَرٍ.

The nominal sentence: It consists of a subject (mubtada') and a predicate (khabar).

الْمُبْتَدَأُ: هُوَ الِاسْمُ الَّذِي نَبْدَأُ بِهِ الْجُمْلَةَ الِاسْمِيَّةَ وَهُوَ الرُّكْنُ الْأَوَّلُ فِيهَا، وَيَكُونُ مَرْفُوعًا.

The subject (mubtada'): The noun that begins a nominal sentence; it is the first pillar and is in the nominative case (marfu').

تَذَكَّرْ يَا صَدِيقِي.

Remember, my friend.

الْخَبَرُ: هُوَ الرُّكْنُ الَّذِي يَتِمُّ بِهِ مَعْنَى الْجُمْلَةِ، وَيَكُونُ مَرْفُوعًا أَيْضًا.

The predicate (khabar): The pillar that completes the meaning of the sentence; it is also in the nominative case (marfu').

عَلَامَةُ رَفْعِ (الْمُبْتَدَأِ وَالْخَبَرِ) (الْمُفْرَدِ، وَجَمْعِ التَّكْسِيرِ، وَجَمْعِ الْمُؤَنَّثِ السَّالِمِ) هِيَ الضَّمَّةُ.

The nominative sign for the subject and predicate (in singular, broken plural, and sound feminine plural forms) is the damma.

عَلَامَةُ رَفْعِ (الْمُبْتَدَأِ وَالْخَبَرِ) الْمُثَنَّى هِيَ الْأَلِفُ.

The nominative sign for the subject and predicate in the dual form is the alif.

عَلَامَةُ رَفْعِ (الْمُبْتَدَأِ وَالْخَبَرِ) جَمْعِ الْمُذَكَّرِ السَّالِمِ هِيَ الْوَاوُ.

The nominative sign for the subject and predicate in the sound masculine plural form is the waw.

أُجِيبُ بِمَا هُوَ مَطْلُوبٌ بَيْنَ الْقَوْسَيْنِ:

Answer the following as required in parentheses:

(أ) السَّمَاءُ صَافِيَةٌ.

(a) The sky is clear.

(ب) الطَّبِيبَتَانِ مَاهِرَتَانِ.

(b) The two doctors are skilled.

(ج) الْفَوَاكِهُ مُفِيدَةٌ لِلصِّحَّةِ.

(c) Fruits are beneficial for health.

(د) الْحُجْرَةُ نَظِيفَةٌ.

(d) The room is clean.

أُحَوِّلُ الْجُمَلَ الْآتِيَةَ حَسَبَ الْمَطْلُوبِ مُوَضِّحًا عَلَامَةَ رَفْعِ الْمُبْتَدَأِ وَالْخَبَرِ كَالْمِثَالِ:

Convert the following sentences as required, identifying the nominative sign of the subject and predicate as shown in the example:

(اسْتَخْرِجِ الْمُبْتَدَأَ) (حَدِّدْ عَلَامَةَ رَفْعِ الْخَبَرِ) (اسْتَخْرِجِ الْخَبَرَ) (حَدِّدْ عَلَامَةَ رَفْعِ الْمُبْتَدَأِ)

(Extract the subject) (Identify the nominative sign of the predicate) (Extract the predicate) (Identify the nominative sign of the subject)

(أ) اللَّوْحَةُ جَمِيلَةٌ.

(a) The painting is beautiful.

التَّحْوِيلُ لِلْمُثَنَّى: اللَّوْحَتَانِ جَمِيلَتَانِ.

Convert to dual: The two paintings are beautiful.

عَلَامَةُ رَفْعِ الْمُبْتَدَأِ وَالْخَبَرِ: الْأَلِفُ.

Nominative sign of the subject and predicate: the alif.

(ب) الْفَتَاةُ مُهَذَّبَةٌ.

(b) The girl is polite.

التَّحْوِيلُ لِلْمُثَنَّى:

Convert to dual:

(ج) الْبَابُ مَفْتُوحٌ.

(c) The door is open.

التَّحْوِيلُ لِلْجَمْعِ:

Convert to plural:

(د) النَّخْلَةُ طَوِيلَةٌ.

(d) The palm tree is tall.

التَّحْوِيلُ لِلْمُثَنَّى:

Convert to dual:

أَخْتَارُ الْإِجَابَةَ الصَّحِيحَةَ مِمَّا بَيْنَ الْقَوْسَيْنِ:

Choose the correct answer from the options in parentheses:

(أ) التَّلَامِيذُ (مُنْتَبِهَانِ - مُنْتَبِهِينَ - مُنْتَبِهُونَ).

(a) The students are (attentive [dual] - attentive [accusative/genitive] - attentive [plural]).

(ب) الْفَائِزَانِ بِالْجَائِزَةِ (مَسْرُورٌ - مَسْرُورُونَ - مَسْرُورَانِ).

(b) The two winners of the prize are (happy [singular] - happy [plural] - happy [dual]).

(ج) (الْفَلَّاحُونَ - الْفَلَّاحُ - الْفَلَّاحَانِ) مُجْتَهِدٌ فِي عَمَلِهِ.

(c) (The farmers - The farmer - The two farmers) is diligent in his work.

(د) الْمُذِيعَاتُ (مُتَمَيِّزُونَ - مُتَمَيِّزَانِ - مُتَمَيِّزَاتٌ).

(d) The female broadcasters are (distinguished [masculine plural] - distinguished [dual] - distinguished [feminine plural]).

Vocabulary · المفردات (13 verbs · 54 nouns)

• فَكَّرَ — to think
• نَشَرَ — to publish
• تَكَوَّنَ — to consist
• بَدَأَ — to begin
• كَانَ — to be
• ذَكَرَ — to remember
• تَمَّ — to be completed
• أَجَابَ — to answer
• حَوَّلَ — to convert
• وَضَّحَ — to clarify
• اسْتَخْرَجَ — to extract
• حَدَّدَ — to determine
• اخْتَارَ — to choose
• دَرْسٌ — lesson
• قَاعِدَةٌ — rule
• مُرَاجَعَةٌ — review
• رُكْنٌ — pillar
• جُمْلَةٌ — sentence
• مُبْتَدَأٌ — subject
• خَبَرٌ — predicate
• اسْمٌ — noun
• صَدِيقٌ — friend
• مَعْنًى — meaning
• عَلَامَةٌ — sign
• رَفْعٌ — nominative case
• مُفْرَدٌ — singular
• جَمْعٌ — plural
• تَكْسِيرٌ — broken plural
• مُؤَنَّثٌ — feminine
• سَالِمٌ — safe; sound; intact; healthy
• ضَمَّةٌ — damma (vowel mark)
• مُثَنَّى — dual
• أَلِفٌ — alif
• مُذَكَّرٌ — masculine
• وَاوٌ — letter waw
• قَوْسٌ — bracket
• سَمَاءٌ — sky
• صَافِيَةٌ — clear
• طَبِيبَةٌ — doctor (female)
• مَاهِرَةٌ — skilled
• فَاكِهَةٌ — fruit
• مُفِيدَةٌ — beneficial (feminine)
• صِحَّةٌ — health
• حُجْرَةٌ — room
• نَظِيفَةٌ — clean
• مِثَالٌ — an example
• لَوْحَةٌ — board
• جَمِيلَةٌ — beautiful
• تَحْوِيلٌ — conversion
• فَتَاةٌ — girl
• مُهَذَّبَةٌ — polite (female)
• بَابٌ — door
• مَفْتُوحٌ — open
• نَخْلَةٌ — date palm
• طَوِيلَةٌ — tall (female)
• إِجَابَةٌ — answer
• صَحِيحَةٌ — correct (female)
• تِلْمِيذٌ — student
• مُنْتَبِهٌ — attentive
• فَائِزٌ — winner (male)
• جَائِزَةٌ — prize
• مَسْرُورٌ — glad / happy
• فَلَّاحٌ — farmer
• مُجْتَهِدٌ — diligent
• عَمَلٌ — work
• مُذِيعَةٌ — announcer (female)
• مُتَمَيِّزٌ — distinguished (male)