Egyptian Arabic Curriculum — Grade 10, Semester 2 — Page 16

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

الْوَحْدَةُ الْأُولَى، بِنَاءُ الْوَطَنِ

Unit One: Building the Homeland

النَّصُّ

The Text

وَلِي وَطَنٌ آلَيْتُ أَلَّا أَبِيعَهُ وَأَلَّا أَرَى غَيْرِي لَهُ الدَّهْرَ مَالِكَا

I have a homeland I have sworn never to sell, and never to see another own it for as long as I live.

عَهِدْتُ بِهِ شَرْخَ الشَّبَابِ وَنِعْمَةً كَنِعْمَةِ قَوْمٍ أَصْبَحُوا فِي ظِلَالِكَا

I spent the prime of my youth there, enjoying the blessings of a people who live under your protection.

فَقَدْ أَلِفَتْهُ النَّفْسُ حَتَّى كَأَنَّهُ لَهَا جَسَدٌ إِنْ بَانَ غُودِرْتُ هَالِكَا

My soul has grown so attached to it that it feels like my own body; if it were to depart, I would surely perish.

وَحَبَّبَ أَوْطَانَ الرِّجَالِ إِلَيْهِمُ مَآرِبُ قَضَّاهَا الشَّبَابُ هُنَالِكَا

What makes men love their homelands are the needs they fulfilled there in their youth.

إِذَا ذَكَرُوا أَوْطَانَهُمْ ذُكِّرَتْهُمُ عُهُودُ الصِّبَا فِيهَا فَحَنُّوا لِذَلِكَا

When they remember their homelands, they are reminded of the vows of their childhood, and they yearn for them.

وَقَدْ ضَامَنِي فِيهِ لَئِيمٌ وَعَزَّنِي وَهَا أَنَا مِنْهُ مُعْصَمٌ بِحِبَالِكَا

A base man has oppressed me there and overpowered me, and here I am, clinging to your ropes for protection.

يُرِيغُ إِلَى بَيْعِي لَهُ مِنْهُ الْمَسَالِكَا

He seeks ways to force me to sell it to him.

وَأَحْدَثَ أَحْدَاثًا أَضَرَّتْ بِمَنْزِلِي وَرَاعَمَنِي فِيمَا أَتَى مِنْ ظُلَامَتِي وَقَالَ لِي اجْهَدْ فِي جَهْدِ احْتِيَالِكَا

He has caused events that harmed my home, antagonized me with the injustice he committed, and told me, 'Exert your best efforts in your schemes.'

مِنَ الْقَوْمِ لَا يَرْعَوْنَ حَقًّا لِشَاعِرٍ وَلَا تَقْتَدِي أَفْعَالُهُمْ بِفِعَالِكَا

They are a people who do not respect the rights of a poet, and whose actions do not follow your own.

فَجُلْ عَنِ الْمَظْلُومِ كُلَّ ظُلَامَةٍ وَقَتْكَ نُفُوسُ الْكَاشِحِينَ الْمَهَالِكَا

So, remove every injustice from the oppressed, and may the souls of your enemies shield you from peril.

• فِي أَثْنَاءِ الْقِرَاءَةِ:

• During reading:

- مَا وَطَنُكَ الصَّغِيرُ وَمَا وَطَنُكَ الْكَبِيرُ

- What is your small homeland and what is your large homeland?

- (مَالِكٌ) أَحَدُ الْفُقَهَاءِ الْأَرْبَعَةِ، فَمَنِ الثَّلَاثَةُ الْآخَرُونَ؟

- Malik is one of the four jurists; who are the other three?

- (مَآرِبُ) اذْكُرْ آيَةً قُرْآنِيَّةً وَرَدَتْ بِهَا كَلِمَةُ مَآرِبُ.

- Ma'arib: Mention a Quranic verse in which the word 'ma'arib' appears.

- (لَئِيمٌ) إِنْ أَنْتَ أَكْرَمْتَ الْكَرِيمَ مَلَكْتَهُ وَإِنْ أَنْتَ أَكْرَمْتَ اللَّئِيمَ تَمَرَّدَا

- Base person: If you honor the noble, you win them over, but if you honor the base, they rebel.

مَنْ قَائِلُ هَذَا الْبَيْتِ؟

Who is the author of this verse?

- مَا الْفَرْقُ بَيْنَ (مَهْدِ) وَ(مَهْدِ)؟

- What is the difference between 'mahd' and 'mahd'?

- فَاتَ الْأَمْرُ مَنْ وَفَّى ..

- The opportunity has passed for whoever fulfilled...

نَشَاطٌ

Activity

الْكَلِمَةُ وَالسِّيَاقُ:

Word and Context:

بِالرُّجُوعِ إِلَى مُعْجَمِكَ فَسِّرْ مَعْنَى الْكَلِمَاتِ الْمُلَوَّنَةِ.

Refer to your dictionary to explain the meaning of the highlighted words.

بَعْدَ الْقِرَاءَةِ

After reading

تَحْلِيلُ النَّصِّ

Text Analysis

أَوَّلًا: بِيئَةُ النَّصِّ:

First: The context of the text:

يَنْتَمِي هَذَا النَّصُّ إِلَى الْعَصْرِ الْعَبَّاسِيِّ، وَيَنْدَرِجُ تَحْتَ غَرَضِ الشَّكْوَى، وَقَدِ انْتَشَرَ هَذَا اللَّوْنُ مِنَ الشِّعْرِ فِي الْعَصْرِ الْعَبَّاسِيِّ، فَضْلًا عَنِ الْأَغْرَاضِ الْأُخْرَى الْمَعْرُوفَةِ (الْمَدْحُ - الرِّثَاءُ - الْهِجَاءُ... إِلَخْ) وَهَذَا مِنْ جَدِيدِ الْعَصْرِ الْعَبَّاسِيِّ، أَضِفْ إِلَى ذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْقَصِيدَةَ الْعَبَّاسِيَّةَ تَغَيَّرَ بِنَاؤُهَا وَتَطَوَّرَ، فَبَعْدَ أَنْ كَانَ الشُّعَرَاءُ يَبْدَؤُونَ بِبُكَاءِ الْأَطْلَالِ أَوْ وَصْفِ الْمَحْبُوبَةِ ثُمَّ وَصْفِ الرِّحْلَةِ .. ثُمَّ الْمَوْضُوعِ الرَّئِيسِيِّ فِي الْقَصِيدَةِ - أَصْبَحَ الشَّاعِرُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْعَصْرِ لَا يَلْتَفِتُ إِلَى كُلِّ هَذَا، وَإِنَّمَا يَدْخُلُ فِي مَوْضُوعِهِ مُبَاشَرَةً دُونَ تَقْدِيمٍ، وَنَتِيجَةً لِلِازْدِهَارِ الْحَضَارِيِّ شَاهَدْنَا وَصْفَ الْحَدَائِقِ وَالْقُصُورِ وَالدُّورِ ... إِلَخْ.

This text belongs to the Abbasid era and falls under the genre of complaint. This style of poetry became widespread during the Abbasid period, alongside other established genres such as praise, elegy, and satire. This represents a novelty of the Abbasid era. Furthermore, the structure of the Abbasid poem evolved; whereas poets previously began by weeping over ruins, describing the beloved, or detailing a journey before reaching the main subject, poets of this era often bypassed these conventions to enter their subject directly. As a result of cultural prosperity, we also saw descriptions of gardens, palaces, and homes.

نَشَاطٌ

Activity

ابْحَثْ فِي شَبَكَةِ الْمَعْلُومَاتِ الدَّوْلِيَّةِ أَوْ فِي مَكْتَبَةِ الْمَدْرَسَةِ أَوْ أَيَّةِ مَصَادِرَ أُخْرَى عَنْ شِعْرِ الشَّكْوَى فِي الْعَصْرِ الْعَبَّاسِيِّ وَأَشْبَاهِهِ.

Search the internet, the school library, or other sources for complaint poetry from the Abbasid era and similar works.

اللُّغَةُ الْعَرَبِيَّةُ - الصَّفُّ الْأَوَّلُ الثَّانَوِيُّ

Arabic Language - First Year Secondary

Vocabulary · المفردات (37 verbs · 74 nouns)

• آلَى — to swear
• بَاعَ — to sell
• رَأَى — to see
• عَهِدَ — to entrust
• أَصْبَحَ — to become
• أَلِفَ — to be accustomed to
• بَانَ — to depart
• غَادَرَ — to leave
• حَبَّبَ — to make beloved
• قَضَى — to spend
• ذَكَرَ — to remember
• حَنَّ — to yearn
• ضَامَ — to oppress
• عَزَّ — to overcome
• أَرَادَ — to want
• أَحْدَثَ — to cause
• أَضَرَّ — to harm
• رَاغَمَ — to oppose
• أَتَى — to come
• قَالَ — to say
• جَهَدَ — to strive
• رَعَى — to observe
• اقْتَدَى — to follow
• جَلَّ — to remove
• وَقَى — to protect
• فَسَّرَ — to explain
• انْتَمَى — to belong
• انْدَرَجَ — to be included
• انْتَشَرَ — to spread
• أَضَافَ — to add
• تَغَيَّرَ — to change
• تَطَوَّرَ — to develop
• بَدَأَ — to begin
• الْتَفَتَ — to pay attention
• دَخَلَ — to enter
• شَاهَدَ — to witness
• بَحَثَ — to search
• وَحْدَة — unit
• بِنَاء — structure
• وَطَن — homeland
• نَصّ — text
• دَهْر — time
• مَالِك — owner
• شَبَاب — youth
• نِعْمَة — blessing
• قَوْم — people
• ظِلّ — shade
• نَفْس — soul / psyche
• جَسَد — body
• هَالِك — perishing
• مَأْرَب — goal
• عَهْد — pledge
• صِبَا — childhood
• لَئِيم — ignoble person
• مُعْتَصِم — clinging
• حَبْل — rope
• مَسْلَك — path
• حَدَث — event
• مَنْزِل — house
• ظُلَامَة — injustice
• جَهْد — effort
• احْتِيَال — trickery
• حَقّ — right
• شَاعِر — poet
• فِعْل — action
• فِعَال — deeds
• مَظْلُوم — oppressed
• كَاشِح — hater
• مَهْلَكَة — peril
• نَشَاط — activity
• كَلِمَة — a word (grammatical term)
• سِيَاق — context
• رُجُوع — return
• مُعْجَم — dictionary
• مَعْنَى — meaning
• قِرَاءَة — reading
• تَحْلِيل — analysis
• بِيئَة — environment
• عَصْر — era
• غَرَض — aim, purpose
• شَكْوَى — complaint
• لَوْن — type
• شِعْر — poetry
• فَضْل — grace
• مَدْح — praise
• رِثَاء — elegy
• هِجَاء — satire
• جَدِيد — novelty
• قَصِيدَة — poem
• بُكَاء — weeping
• طَلَل — ruin
• وَصْف — description
• مَحْبُوبَة — beloved
• رِحْلَة — journey
• مَوْضُوع — topic
• ازْدِهَار — prosperity
• حَدِيقَة — garden
• قَصْر — palace
• دَار — house
• شَبَكَة — network
• مَعْلُومَات — information
• مَكْتَبَة — library
• مَدْرَسَة — school
• مَصْدَر — source
• أُولَى — first (feminine)
• مُلَوَّنَة — colored
• مَعْرُوفَة — known
• تَقْدِيم — introduction
• عَبَّاسِيَّة — Abbasid
• قُرْآنِيَّة — Quranic
• كَرِيم — generous