Al-Qawl al-Mufid ala Kitab al-Tawhid — Volume 3 (القول المفيد على كتاب التوحيد) — Page 65

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

وَعَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي الْآيَةِ قَالَ: «لَمَّا تَغَشَّاهَا آدَمُ حَمَلَتْ فَأَتَاهُمَا إِبْلِيسُ فَقَالَ: إِنِّي صَاحِبُكُمَا الَّذِي أَخْرَجْتُكُمَا مِنْ الْجَنَّةِ لَتُطِيعَانِّي أَوْ لَأَجْعَلَنَّ لَهُ قَرْنَيْ أَيِّلٍ فَيَخْرُجُ مِنْ بَطْنِكِ فَيَشُقُّهُ، وَلَأَفْعَلَنَّ يُخَوِّفُهُمَا، سَمِّيَاهُ عَبْدَ الْحَارِثِ، فَأَبَيَا أَنْ يُطِيعَاهُ فَخَرَجَ مَيِّتًا، ثُمَّ حَمَلَتْ فَأَتَاهُمَا أَنَا النَّبِيُّ لَا كَذِبَ أَنَا ابْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ.

Ibn Abbas said regarding the verse: "When Adam lay with her, she conceived. Iblis came to them and said, 'I am the one who drove you both from Paradise. You must obey me, or I will give your child the horns of a stag so that he tears through your belly as he is born.' He tried to frighten them, telling them to name the child Abd al-Harith. They refused to obey him, and the child was stillborn. Later, she conceived again, and he came to them [saying], 'I am the Prophet, there is no lie; I am the son of Abd al-Muttalib.'"

فَالنَّبِيُّ لَا يَفْعَلُ حَرَامًا فَيَجُوزُ أَنْ يُعْبَدَ لِلْمُطَّلِبِ إِلَّا إِذَا وُجِدَ نَاسِخٌ وَهَذَا تَقْرِيرُ ابْنِ حَزْمٍ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ، وَلَكِنَّ الصَّوَابَ تَحْرِيمُ التَّعْبِيدِ لِلْمُطَّلِبِ فَلَا يَجُوزُ لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يُسَمِّيَ ابْنَهُ عَبْدَ الْمُطَّلِبِ،

Since the Prophet would not commit a forbidden act, it might be argued that naming someone 'Servant of al-Muttalib' was permissible until a later ruling abrogated it. This is the position of Ibn Hazm, may Allah have mercy on him, but the correct view is that naming someone as a servant to al-Muttalib is forbidden; thus, no one may name their son Abd al-Muttalib.

وَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ: «أَنَا ابْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ» فَهُوَ مِنْ بَابِ الْإِخْبَارِ وَلَيْسَ مِنْ بَابِ الْإِنْشَاءِ، فَالنَّبِيُّ أَخْبَرَ أَنَّ لَهُ جَدًّا اسْمُهُ عَبْدُ الْمُطَّلِبِ، وَلَمْ يَرِدْ عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ سَمَّى عَبْدَ الْمُطَّلِبِ أَوْ أَنَّهُ أَمَرَ أَحَدَ صَحَابَتِهِ بِذَلِكَ، وَلَا أَنَّهُ أَقَرَّ أَحَدًا عَلَى تَسْمِيَتِهِ عَبْدَ الْمُطَّلِبِ وَالْكَلَامُ فِي الْحُكْمِ لَا فِي الْإِخْبَارِ وَفَرْقٌ بَيْنَ الْإِخْبَارِ وَبَيْنَ الْإِنْشَاءِ وَالْإِقْرَارِ

As for his statement, 'I am the son of Abd al-Muttalib,' it is a factual report rather than an act of naming. The Prophet was identifying his grandfather by name. There is no record of him naming anyone Abd al-Muttalib, nor of him commanding his companions to do so, nor of him approving such a name for anyone else. The issue here concerns the legal ruling, not the report itself, as there is a clear distinction between stating a fact and initiating or approving a name.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (26 verbs · 40 nouns)

• تَغَشَّى — to have intercourse
• حَمَلَ — to become pregnant
• أَتَى — to come
• آيَة — verse
• صَاحِب — companion
• جَنَّة — paradise