Al-Qawl al-Mufid ala Kitab al-Tawhid — Volume 3 (القول المفيد على كتاب التوحيد) — Page 172

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

أَنْفَقَهُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ مَا قَبِلَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ.

If he spent it in the way of Allah, Allah would not accept it from him until he believes in the Divine Decree (Qadar).

وَابْنُ عُمَرَ - رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَعَنْ أَبِيهِ - ذَكَرَ حُكْمَهُمْ بِالنِّسْبَةِ لِقَبُولِ عَمَلِهِمْ وَلَمْ يَقُلْ هُمْ كُفَّارٌ، لَكِنَّ حُكْمَهُ بِأَنَّ إِنْفَاقَهُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ لَا يُقْبَلُ يَسْتَلْزِمُ الْحُكْمَ بِكُفْرِهِمْ، وَإِنَّمَا قَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ ذَلِكَ جَوَابًا عَلَى مَا نُقِلَ عَنْهُ مِنْ أَنَّ أُنَاسًا مِنَ الْبَصْرَةِ يَقُولُونَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ - عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - لَمْ يُقَدِّرْ فِعْلَ الْعَبْدِ وَأَنَّ الْأَمْرَ أُنُفٌ، وَأَنَّهُ لَا يَعْلَمُ بِأَفْعَالِ الْعَبْدِ حَتَّى يَعْمَلَهَا وَتَقَعَ مِنْهُ، فَابْنُ عُمَرَ حَكَمَ بِكُفْرِهِمُ اللَّازِمِ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ: مَا قَبِلَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ وَالَّذِي لَا تُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ النَّفَقَاتُ هُوَ الْكَافِرُ، لِقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَمَا مَنَعَهُمْ أَنْ تُقْبَلَ مِنْهُمْ نَفَقَاتُهُمْ إِلَّا أَنَّهُمْ كَفَرُوا بِاللَّهِ وَبِرَسُولِهِ.

Ibn Umar—may Allah be pleased with him and his father—mentioned their ruling regarding the acceptance of their deeds, and he did not explicitly say 'they are disbelievers,' but his ruling that their spending in the way of Allah is not accepted necessitates the ruling of their disbelief. Ibn Umar only said that in response to what was reported to him, that some people from Basra were saying: 'Allah—the Almighty and Majestic—did not decree the servant's action, and the matter is new (unpreordained), and He does not know the servant's actions until he performs them and they occur from him.' Thus, Ibn Umar judged them with the disbelief that is implied by his statement: 'Allah would not accept it from him until he believes in the Divine Decree,' and the one whose expenditures are not accepted is the disbeliever, due to the saying of the Almighty: 'And nothing prevents their expenditures from being accepted from them except that they disbelieved in Allah and His Messenger.'

ثُمَّ اسْتَدَلَّ ابْنُ عُمَرَ بِقَوْلِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ: «الْإِيمَانُ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ فَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْجَمِيعِ، فَإِنْ كَفَرْتَ بِوَاحِدٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ السِّتَّةِ فَأَنْتَ كَافِرٌ بِالْجَمِيعِ؛ لِأَنَّ الْإِيمَانَ كُلٌّ لَا يَتَجَزَّأُ، كَمَا قَالَ تَعَالَى: وَيَقُولُونَ نُؤْمِنُ بِبَعْضٍ وَنَكْفُرُ بِبَعْضٍ وَيُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يَتَّخِذُوا بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ سَبِيلًا أُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْكَافِرُونَ حَقًّا.

Then Ibn Umar used as evidence the saying of the Prophet (peace be upon him): 'Faith is that you believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, and the Last Day, and that you believe in the Divine Decree, its good and its evil.' So you must believe in all of them; for if you disbelieve in one of these six, you are a disbeliever in all of them, because faith is a whole that cannot be divided, just as the Almighty said: 'And they say, "We believe in some and disbelieve in some," and wish to adopt a way in between—those are the disbelievers, truly.'

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Vocabulary · المفردات (27 verbs · 43 nouns)

• أَنْفَقَ — to spend
• قَبِلَ — to accept
• آمَنَ — to believe
• سَبِيل — path
• قَدَر — destiny
• حُكْم — judgment