Al-Qawl al-Mufid ala Kitab al-Tawhid — Volume 1 (القول المفيد على كتاب التوحيد) — Page 335

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

يَسْتَدِلُّ عَلَيْهَا بِقَوْلِ الرَّسُولِ ﷺ: «مَا مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ يَمُوتُ فَيَقُومُ عَلَى جَنَازَتِهِ أَرْبَعُونَ رَجُلًا لَا يُشْرِكُونَ بِاللَّهِ شَيْئًا إِلَّا شَفَّعَهُمُ اللَّهُ فِيهِ»

He supports this with the words of the Messenger (peace be upon him): "Any Muslim who dies and has forty men stand at his funeral who do not associate anything with Allah, Allah will grant them intercession for him."

فَإِنَّ هَذِهِ شَفَاعَةٌ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ النَّارَ فَيُشَفِّعُهُمُ اللَّهُ فِي ذَلِكَ.

This is an intercession that occurs before the deceased enters the Fire, as Allah grants their request on his behalf.

النَّوْعُ الثَّانِي: الشَّفَاعَةُ فِيمَنْ دَخَلَ النَّارَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ مِنْهَا، وَقَدْ تَوَاتَرَتْ بِهَا الْأَحَادِيثُ، وَأَجْمَعَتْ عَلَيْهَا الصَّحَابَةُ، وَاتَّفَقَ عَلَيْهَا أَهْلُ الْمِلَلِ مَا عَدَا طَائِفَتَيْنِ وَهُمَا: الْمُعْتَزِلَةُ وَالْخَوَارِجُ، فَإِنَّهُمْ يُنْكِرُونَ الشَّفَاعَةَ فِي أَهْلِ الْمَعَاصِي مُطْلَقًا، لِأَنَّهُمْ يَرَوْنَ أَنَّ فَاعِلَ الْكَبِيرَةِ مُخَلَّدٌ فِي النَّارِ، وَمَنْ اسْتَحَقَّ الْخُلُودَ فَلَا تَنْفَعُ فِيهِ الشَّفَاعَةُ، فَهُمْ يُنْكِرُونَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ أَوْ غَيْرَهُ يَشْفَعُ فِي أَهْلِ الْكَبَائِرِ أَنْ لَا يَدْخُلُوا النَّارَ، أَوْ إِذَا دَخَلُوهَا أَنْ يَخْرُجُوا مِنْهَا، لَكِنَّ قَوْلَهُمْ هَذَا بَاطِلٌ بِالنَّصِّ وَالْإِجْمَاعِ.

The second type is intercession for those already in the Fire to be brought out. This is established by a succession of hadiths, the consensus of the Companions, and the agreement of the religious communities, with the exception of the Mu'tazila and the Khawarij. They reject all intercession for sinners because they believe that anyone who commits a major sin will remain in the Fire forever, and that intercession is useless for those destined for eternity. They deny that the Prophet or anyone else can intercede to prevent major sinners from entering the Fire or to help them leave it once they are inside. Their position, however, is invalidated by both scriptural text and consensus.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (26 verbs · 43 nouns)

• اِسْتَدَلَّ — to infer
• مَاتَ — to die
• قَامَ — to stand
• قَوْلٌ — saying
• رَسُولٌ — messenger
• مُسْلِمٌ — Muslim