Al-Balagha al-Wadiha by al-Jarim & Amin (البلاغة الواضحة) — Page 329

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

عَطَفَتِ الثَّانِيَةُ عَلَى الأُولَى، وَالْمِثَالُ الرَّابِعُ كَذَلِكَ مُكَوَّنٌ مِنْ جُمْلَتَيْنِ مُتَّحِدَتَيْنِ إِنْشَاءً هُمَا: «أَدْنُ» وَ «لَا تَشْهَدْ» وَهُمَا مُتَنَاسِبَتَانِ فِي الْمَعْنَى، وَلَيْسَ هُنَاكَ مِنْ سَبَبٍ يَقْتَضِي الْفَصْلَ، وَلِذَلِكَ عُطِفَتِ الثَّانِيَةُ عَلَى الأُولَى، هَكَذَا يَجِبُ الْوَصْلُ بَيْنَ كُلِّ جُمْلَتَيْنِ اتَّحَدَتَا خَبَرًا أَوْ إِنْشَاءً وَتَنَاسَبَتَا فِي الْمَعْنَى وَلَمْ يَكُنْ هُنَاكَ مَا يَقْتَضِي الْفَصْلَ بَيْنَهُمَا.

The second is conjoined to the first, and the fourth example is likewise composed of two sentences that are identical in being imperative: 'Draw near' and 'Do not bear witness,' and they are related in meaning, and there is no reason that necessitates separation, and therefore the second was conjoined to the first; thus, conjunction is mandatory between every two sentences that are identical in being declarative or imperative, are related in meaning, and for which there is no reason necessitating separation between them.

انْظُرْ فِي الْمِثَالِ الْخَامِسِ إِلَى الْجُمْلَتَيْنِ: «لَا» وَ «بَارَكَ اللَّهُ فِيكَ» تَجِدْ أَنَّ الأُولَى خَبَرِيَّةٌ، وَالثَّانِيَةَ إِنْشَائِيَّةٌ، وَأَنَّكَ لَوْ فَصَلْتَ فَقُلْتَ: «لَا بَارَكَ اللَّهُ فِيكَ» لَتَوَهَّمَ السَّامِعُ أَنَّكَ تَدْعُو عَلَيْهِ فِي حِينِ أَنَّكَ تَقْصِدُ الدُّعَاءَ لَهُ، وَلِذَلِكَ وَجَبَ الْعُدُولُ عَنِ الْفَصْلِ إِلَى الْوَصْلِ، وَكَذَلِكَ الْحَالُ فِي جُمْلَتَيِ الْمِثَالِ الأَخِيرِ، وَفِي كُلِّ جُمْلَتَيْنِ اخْتَلَفَتَا خَبَرًا وَإِنْشَاءً وَكَانَ تَرْكُ الْعَطْفِ بَيْنَهُمَا يُوهِمُ خِلَافَ الْمَقْصُودِ.

Look in the fifth example at the two sentences: 'No' and 'May God bless you'; you will find that the first is declarative and the second is imperative, and that if you were to separate them and say, 'No, may God bless you,' the listener would mistakenly think that you are invoking a curse upon him, whereas you intend to invoke a blessing for him; therefore, it was necessary to shift from separation to conjunction, and the same is the case for the two sentences of the last example, and for every two sentences that differ in being declarative or imperative, where omitting the conjunction between them would imply the opposite of what is intended.

الْقَاعِدَةُ: يَجِبُ الْوَصْلُ بَيْنَ الْجُمْلَتَيْنِ فِي ثَلَاثَةِ مَوَاضِعَ:

The Rule: Conjunction between two sentences is mandatory in three instances:

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Vocabulary · المفردات (29 verbs · 55 nouns)

• عَطَفَ — to connect
• اِتَّحَدَ — to be united
• دَنَا — to approach
• ثَانِيَة — second
• أُولَى — first (female)
• مِثَال — an example