Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

سَبُعَةٌ ذ and ↓ سَبْعَةٌ, the latter a contraction of the former, The lioness. (ISk, S, Msb, K.) Hence the saying, ↓ أَخَذَهُ أَخَذَ سَبْعَةٍ, (ISk, S, K,) or السَّبْعَةِ, (Msb,) He seized him with the seizing of a lioness, (ISk, S, K,) or of the lioness, (Msb,) which is more impetuous (أَنْزَقُ) than the lion, (ISk, S,) or more bold than the lion: (Msb:) or the saying is, أَخَذَهُ أَخْذَ سَبْعَةَ (S, K) he seized him with the seizing of Seb'ah, who was a certain strong man, (Ibn-El-Kelbee, S,) or a certain insolent and audacious rebel, (Ibn-El-Kelbee, Lth, K,) of the Arabs, (TA,) whom one of the kings of El-Yemen seized, and, after having cut off his hands and feet, or arms and legs, crucified; [so that the meaning is, he punished him with the punishment of Seb'ah; ] and hence it was said, لَأُعَذِّبَنَّكَ عَذَابَ سَبْعَةَ [ I will assuredly punish thee with the punishment of Seb'ah ]; (El-Kelbee, Lth, K; *) and لَأَعْمَلَنَّ بِكَ عَمَلَ سَبْعَةَ I will assuredly do with thee as was done with Seb'ah: (O:) or the man's name was سَبُعٌ, and it was contracted, and made fem. by way of contempt: or the meaning of the first saying is, he seized him with the seizing of seven men: (K:) and in like manner the last saying is expl. by some [who say سَبْعَةٍ instead of سَبْعَةَ]. (TA.) The dim. is ↓ سُبَيْعَةٌ. (Msb.) [See also سَبُعٌ.]

[ سَبُعِىٌّ ذ Of, or relating to, an animal of prey. ]

سَبْعُونَ ذ [ Seventy; ] a well-known number; (K;) the round number that is between سِتُّونَ and ثَمَانُونَ. (TA.) ― -b2- The Arabs also use it as meaning [ Seventy or more; or] many. (TA.) Thus it is used in the Kur [ix. 81], where it is said, اـِنْ تَسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ سَبْعِينَ مَرَّةً فَلَنْ يَغْفِرَ ا@للّٰهُ لَهُمْ, meaning If thou beg forgiveness for them many times, even then God will not forgive them; not that God would forgive them if forgiveness were begged more than seventy times: (Bd, * TA:) and سَبْعَةٌ and سَبْعُمِائَةٍ and the like are used in the same manner. (Bd.) ― -b3- [Also Seventieth. ]

[ سُبَاعَ ذ as meaning Seven and seven, or seven and seven together, or seven at a time and seven at a time, seems not to have been used; for] A'Obeyd says that more than أُحَادَ and ثُنَاآءَ and ثُلَاثَ and رُبَاعَ has not been heard, excepting عُشَارَ. (TA in art. عشر.)

سَبُوعٌ ذ [app. Wont to frighten ]: (TA: [in which the meaning here given seems to be indicated.])

سُبُوعٌ ذ : see أُسْبُوعٌ, in four places.

سَبِيعٌ ذ : see سُبْعٌ: ― -b2- and سَابعٌ.

سُبَيْعَةٌ ذ dim. of سَبُعَةٌ, q. v.

سُبَاعِىٌّ ذ A garment, or piece of cloth, seven cubits, or seven spans, in length. (TA.) ― -b2- A great and tall camel; (En-Nadr, K;) [as though seven cubits in height: ] fem. with ة. (K.). And سُبَاعِىُّ البَدَنِ, (S, K,) applied to a man, has the like meaning; (K;) complete, or full-grown, in body; (S, TA;) [or seven spans in height; for] when a boy has attained seven spans, he is a man. (S, voce خُمَاسِىٌّ, q. v.)

سَابِعٌ ذ [act. part. n. of 1: generally meaning Seventh ]: pl. سَبَعَةٌ. (K.) You say, كُنْتُ سَابِعَهُمْ [ I was the seventh of them ]. (S, K.) And هٰذَا هٰذَا ↓ سَبِيعُ, meaning سَابِعُهُ [ This is the seventh of this: not the seventh part; though the former has also this latter meaning]. (TA.) And هُوَ سَابِعُ سَبْعَةٍ [ He is the seventh of seven ]. (TA.) And هُوَ سَابِعٌ سِتَّةً [ He is making six to become seven ]. (TA.) ― -b2- اـِبِلٌ سَوَابِعُ [pl. of سَابِعَةٌ] Camels coming to the water on the seventh day [ counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first ]. (TA.) [See سِبْعٌ.] ― -b3- [سَابِعَ عَشَرَ and سَابِعَةَ عَشْرَةَ, the former masc. and the latter fem., meaning Seventeenth, are subject to the same rules as ثَالِثَ عَشَرَ and its fem., expl. in art. ثلث, q. v.]

أُسْبُوعٌ ذ A certain number of days; (S, * Msb, K; *) i. e. seven days; a week; (Msb;) also termed ↓ سُبُوعٌ, (Lth, Msb, K,) by some of the Arabs; (Lth, Msb;) [and ↓ سُبْعٌ, as shown by what follows:] pl. of the first أَسَابِيعُ. (Msb, TA.) One says, ↓ أَقَمْتُ عِنْدَهُ سُبْعَيْنِ [in the sense of أُسْبُوعَيْنِ, which is more common,] i. e. I remained at his abode two weeks. (TA.) ― -b2- Also The seventh day; and so ↓ سُبُوعٌ; as in a trad., where it is said, اـِذَا كَانَ يَوْمَ سُبُوعِهِ, meaning When his seventh day after the celebration of his marriage is come. (TA.) [↓ يَوْمُ السُّبُوعِ is used in this sense in the present day: and also as meaning The seventh day after childbirth; in which sense it is generally to be understood when used unrestrictedly; as this day is celebrated with more rejoicing than the former: also as meaning the seventh day after the return from pilgrimage. ] ― -b3- And Seven circuitings [round the House of God, meaning the Kaabeh]: (Lth, Mgh, Msb:) pl. أَسَابِيعُ (S, Mgh, Msb) and أُسْبُوعَاتٌ. (Lth, Mgh, Msb.) You say, طَافَ بِالبَيْتِ أُسْبُوعًا, (S, Mgh, * K,) and ↓ سُبُوعًا, (Lth, IDrd, K,) but A boo Sa'eed says, I know not any one who has said this except IDrd, and the former is the word commonly known, (TA,) and ↓ سَبْعًا, (K,) and ↓ سُبْعًا, (TA,) He circuited round the House [of God] seven times, (S, TA,) or seven circuitings; (Mgh;) and ثَلَاثَةَ أَسَابِيعَ [ thrice seven times, or thrice seven circuitings ]. (S.)

مُسْبَعٌ ذ Given, or delivered, to the ظُؤُورَة [which means both nurse and nurses ]: (Skr, S, TA:) this is the primary signification: (Skr:) or whose mother dies, and who is therefore suckled by another; (K; in which the next following signification may be regarded as implied, TA;) left to himself; or left without work, or occupation; applied to a slave; syn. مُهْمَلٌ: (Skr, S:) or مُتْرَفٌ, (Sgh, K,) [which has the same and other significations; or] which is [here] nearly the same as مُهْمَلٌ, for he who is مُهْمَل is usually مُتْرَف: (TA:) or one who is left to himself with the سِبَاع [or animals of prey ] so that he becomes like one of them in mischievousness, or noxiousness, or evilness: (AO, K:) or who is left to himself and not restrained from his daringness, so that he remains daring: and a slave left to himself, and daring; left until he has become like the سَبُع: (TA:) or one whose origin is suspected; (K;) whose father is not known: (Er-Rághib, Sgh:) or a bastard: (K:) or one whose lineage is of slaves, (K, TA,) or ignoble, (TA,) up to seven male ancestors, (K, TA,) or, to seven female ancestors; (TA;) or, to four male ancestors; (En-Nadr, K;) or whose lineage is traced up to four female ancestors all of them slaves: (TA:) or born at seven months; (K, TA;) not matured by the womb, his months not being completed. (Az, IF, TA.)

مُسْبِعٌ ذ One whose camels come to the water on the seventh day [ counting the day of the next preceding watering as the first ]. (TA.) -A2- A slave finding a سَبُع [or rapacious animal ] among his sheep, or goats. (Aboo-Sa'eed Ed-Dareer, S.)

أَرْضٌ مَسْبَعَةٌ ذ , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) with fet-h (S, Msb) to the first and third letters, (Msb,) like مَرْحَلَةٌ, (K) and مَذْأَبَةٌ, with an inseparable ة, (Sb,) A land containing, (S,) or abounding with, (Mgh, Msb, K,) سِبَاع [or animals of prey ]. (S, Mgh, Msb, K.)

مُسَبَّعٌ ذ A verse consisting of seven feet. (TA.) ― -b2- A camel having, in the middle part of his back, between the withers and the rump, seven vertebrae redundant [app. meaning in size ]. (TA.) ― -b3- [See also مُثَلَّثٌ.]

مَسْبُوعٌ ذ A rope consisting of seven strands. (M, voce مَثْلُوثٌ.) -A2- With ة, A cow, (S, TA,) [app. meaning a wild cow,] or [other] female wild animal, (TA,) whose offspring has been eaten by the سَبُع [or beast, or bird, of prey ]. (S, TA.)

مُتَسَبَّعٌ ذ The place of a سَبُع [or beast, or bird, of prey ]. (TA.)

1 سَبَغَ ذ , (Msb, K, &c.,) aor. سَبُغَ (MA, Msb) and سَبَغَ , (MA,) inf. n. سُبُوغٌ, (Msb, K, &c.,) It (a garment [&c.]) was complete, full, ample, or without deficiency: (MA, Msb:) it (a thing, Lth, Msb, of any kind, JK, Msb, such as a garment, TA, a coat of mail, JK, Msb, TA, and the like, TA, and hair, JK, TA) was long, (JK, Msb, K,) from above to below, (Msb,) or reaching to, or towards, the ground. (Lth, K.) [Hence,] ذُو سُبُوغٍ [ The ample, or long, &c.,] was the name of a coat of mail belonging to the Prophet. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence also] سَبَغَتْ قُصَيْرَى الفَرَسِ The قصيري [app. here meaning the rib next the flank ] of the horse was of full length. (TA.) ― -b3- And سَبَغَ المَطَرُ (tropical:) The rain approached the earth, and extended. (TA.) ― -b4- And سَبَغَتِ النِّعْمَةُ, (S, Msb, K,) inf. n. as above, (S, Msb,) (tropical:) The benefit, or boon, was, or became, ample. (S, Msb, K, TA.) One says, الحَمْدُ لِلّٰهِ عَلَى سُبُوغِ النِّعْمَةِ Praise be to God for the ampleness of the benefit, or boon. (TA.) ― -b5- And سَبَغَ لِبَلَدِهِ (assumed tropical:) He tended towards, and reached, his town, or country; (AA, * K;) inf. n. as above. (TA.)

2 سَبَّغَتْ ذ , inf. n. تَسْبِيغٌ, She (a camel, As, JK, S, or a pregnant female, K) cast her young one, or fœtus, (As, JK, S, K,) in an incomplete state, (TA,) or when its hair had grown, (As, S, K,) or when its fur had grown; (JK;) accord. to the T, (TA,) i. q. أَجْهَضَت: (JK, TA:) or, accord. to AA, سَبَّغَتِ الاـِبِلُ بِأَوْلَادِهَا the camels cast their young abortively; and, in like manner, accord. to Lth, one says of all pregnant females: (TA:) [see also سَبَّقَت:] the epithet applied to her is ↓ مُسَبِّغٌ, without ة. (As, K, TA.)

4 اسبغهُ ذ He made it complete, full, ample, or without deficiency; (Msb;) he made it wide; namely, his garment [&c.]: and he made it long; namely, [his garment, and the like, and] his hair, (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] اسبغ ا@للّٰهُ عَلَيْهِ النِّعْمَةَ (S, Msb, * K *) (tropical:) God made the benefit, or boon, complete, full, or ample, to him. (S, * Msb, * K, * TA.) And اسبغ لَهُ فِى النَّفَقَةِ (assumed tropical:) He expended upon him what was completely sufficient for his wants; bestowed upon him amply. (TA.) ― -b3- And اسبغ الوُضُوْءَ, (K,) inf. n. اـِسْبَاغٌ, (S,) (tropical:) He performed completely the [ ablution termed ] وضوء, (S, K, TA,) making it to reach to the proper places thereof, and giving fully to every member its due. (K, TA.) -A2- And اسبغ He put on a wide, or an ample, [or a long, ] coat of mail. (KL.)

سُبُغٌ ذ : see مُسْبِغٌ.

سَبْغَةٌ ذ (tropical:) Plentifulness, and pleasantness or easiness, and softness or delicacy, of life. (K, TA.) One says, اـِنَّهُمْ لَفِى سَبْغَةٍ مِنَ العَيْشِ (tropical:) Verily they are in a state of plentifulness, &c., of life. (TA.)

سَابِغٌ ذ , applied to a thing (JK, S) of any kind, (JK,) Complete, full, ample, or without deficiency: (S, TA:) [and] long. (JK.) You say, دِرْعٌ سَابِغَةٌ A coat of mail that is wide, or ample, (S, K, * TA,) and long: (K, TA:) or such that one drags it upon the ground, or [ that falls ] against one's ankles, by reason of length and ampleness: pl. سَوَابِغُ. (TA.) And ذَنَبٌ سَابِغٌ A complete, a full, or an ample, tail. (S.) And دَلْوٌ سَابِغَةٌ (tropical:) A long دلو [or leathern bucket ]. (TA.) And نَاقَةٌ سَابِغَةُ الضَّرْعِ (tropical:) A she-camel full, or without lack or defect, in the udder: (Lth, and so in the K accord. to the TA:) or سَابِغَةُ الضُّلُوعِ without lack or defect, and long, in the ribs. (So in copies of the K.) And عَجِيزَةٌ سَابِغَةٌ and أَلْيَةٌ سَابِغَةٌ (Msb, K) signify in like manner, (K,) [or] (tropical:) A long buttock. (Msb, TA. *) And رَجُلٌ سَابِغُ الأَلْيَتَيْنِ (assumed tropical:) A man large in the buttocks. (TA.) And فَحْلٌ سَابِغٌ (tropical:) A stallion long in the veretrum: (S, K, TA:) the contr. thereof is termed كَمِشٌ. (S, TA.) And لِثَةٌ سَابِغَةٌ (tropical:) A foul, or an ugly, gum. (Lth, K, TA.) ― -b2- And مَطْرَةٌ سَابِغَةٌ (tropical:) A compious rain. (K, * TA.) ― -b3- And نِعْمَةٌ سَابِغَةٌ (tropical:) A complete, a full, or an ample, benefit, or boon. (K, * TA.) ― -b4- See also تَسْبِغَةٌ.

أَسْبَغُ ذ More [and most ] complete, full, ample, or free from deficiency [ in breadth and in length ]: occurring in this sense in a trad., relating to a coat of mail. (TA.)

تَسْبَِغٌ ذ : see what next follows.

تَسْبِغَةٌ ذ (JK, S, K) and تَسْبَغَةٌ and ↓ تَسْبِغٌ and تَسْبَغٌ, (JK, K,) the first of which is the most chaste, (TA,) I. q. مِغْفَرٌ [q. v.]: (JK:) or a portion of the mail of the coat of mail, that is conjoined to the helmet, and protects the neck: (JK, S, K:) for the helmet becomes lengthened (تَسْبُغُ) thereby; and but for it, there would be between it and the opening at the neck of the coat of mail an intervening space: (S:) or the mail composing the رَفْرَف of the helmet, at the bottom thereof, with which the man protects his neck, and which is also called the مِغْفَر: or, accord. to “ the Book of the Coat of Mail and the Helmet, ” by AO, the رَفْرَف of the helmet is other than its تَسْبِغَة; for he says that, of helmets, there is that which has a رَفْرَف, [consisting of] rings [or mail] encompassing the bottom thereof, so as to surround the back and other parts of the neck, and the two cheeks, and to reach to the مَحْجِرَانِ [q. v.] of the two eyes; and he afterwards says, but when it [the helmet] is not of plate, or expanded metal, but is [ a head-covering ] of mail, it is called مِغْفَرٌ and غِفَارَةٌ and تَسْبِغَةٌ: (TA:) [the pl. is تَسَابِغُ:] and the helmet [that has a تَسْبِغَة attached to it, accord. to those who mean by this term the mail attached to the bottom thereof,] is called ↓ سَابِغٌ: (JK:) or, accord. to As, one says بَيْضَةٌ لَهَا سَابِغٌ, (S,) or لَهَا تَسَابِغُ. (K, TA: in the CK [erroneously] تَسَابُغٌ.)

مُسْبِغٌ ذ , (S, A, L, TA,) in the O and K ↓ سُبُغٌ, like عُنُقٌ, which seems to be a mistranscription, copied by the author of the K, accord, to his usual practice, from the O, (TA,) A man having upon him a coat of mail such as is termed سَابِغَةٌ. (S, A, O, L, K.)

مُسَبَّغٌ ذ is expl. by Kr as meaning The young that is cast by its mother after the soul has been blown into it. (TA. [But see its verb, 2.])

مُسَبِّغٌ ذ : see 2.

مِسْبَاغٌ ذ A she-camel that usually casts her young abortively: but a term not well know, (IDrd, TA.)

1 سَبَقَهُ ذ , (S, O, Msb, K, &c.,) aor. سَبِقَ (O, Msb, K) and سَبُقَ , (O, K,) but the former is of higher authority, or more usual, (O, TA,) inf. n. سَبْقٌ, (S, Msb,) He preceded him; he was, or became, got, went, or came, before him, or ahead of him; he outwent, or outstripped, him; he had, got, or took, precedence of him; syn. تَقَدَّمَهُ; (K, TA;) in running, and in everything. (TA.) Some read, in the Kur [xxi. 27], لَا يَسْبُقُونَهُ بِالقَوْلِ, thus, with damm, meaning They say not [anything] without his having taught them: (O, TA:) or they say not anything until He has said it: originally, لَا يَسْبُِقُ قَوْلُهُمْ قَوْلَهُ [ their saying does not precede his saying ]: this reading is from the phrase سَابَقْتُهُ فَسَبَقْتُهُ, [expl. below,] aor. of the latter أَسْبُقُهُ. (Bd.) See 3. ― -b2- سَبَقَ الفَرَسُ فِى الحَلْبَةِ The horse outstripped, or came in first, among those started together for a wager, or in the race-ground. (O, K.) Hence the trad. of 'Alee, سَبَقَ رَسُولُ ا@للّٰهِ وَصَلَّى أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَثَلَّثَ عُمَرُ (assumed tropical:) [ The Apostle of God came in first in the race, and Aboo-Bekr came in next, and 'Omar came in third ]. (O, TA.) [And سَبَقَ used in like manner with the objective complement understood means He preceded, &c., as above; and hence, he was, or became, first, foremost, or beforehand; he had, or got, the priority, or precedence. And He was, or became, one of the first or foremost: see سَابِقٌ. See also قَصَبُ السَّبْقِ in art. قصب.] ― -b3- سَبَقَ النَّاسَ اـِلَى الأَمْرِ [ He preceded the other people; was, or became, before them; or had, got, or took, precedence of them; in betaking, or applying, himself to the affair ]. (S, K.) And in like manner one says, لَهُ سَبْقٌ فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ To him belongs priority, or precedence, in this affair; like سَابِقَةٌ; syn. قُدْمَةٌ. (A, TA.) ― -b4- [Hence,] سَبَقَ وَهْمُهُ اـِلَى شَىْءٍ فَغَلِطَ فِيهِ (assumed tropical:) [ He preconceived a thing, and therefore made a mistake, or erred, respecting it ]. (Msb, in explanation of دُخِلَ عَلَيْهِ.) [And سَبَقَ ذِهْنُهُ اـِلَى الشَّىْءِ means in like manner (assumed tropical:) He preconceived the thing: or his mind adverted hastily, before reflection, or without premeditation, to the thing; from what next follows.] ― -b5- سَبَقَ اـِلَيْهِمْ He went, or passed, hastily, or quickly, to them. (TA.) ― -b6- [And hence,] سَبَقَ اـِلَيْهِ مِنِّى قَوْلٌ (assumed tropical:) A saying proceeded hastily, before reflection, or without premeditation, to him from me; syn. فَرَطَ: (S in art. فرط:) and سَبَقَ مِنْهُ كَلَامٌ (assumed tropical:) speech proceeded hastily, &c., from him; syn. فَرَطَ: (Msb in that art.:) [but this phrase also means, more agreeably with the primary signification of the verb, (assumed tropical:) speech proceeded previously from him; (see the Kur x. 20, &c.;) and in like manner the former phrase.] See also 8. And سَبَقَهُ القَىْءُ, (S, Msb, K, all in art. ذرع,) i. e. سَبَقَهُ فِى الخُرُوجِ اـِلَى فِيهِ [meaning (assumed tropical:) The vomit came forth to his mouth before he was aware ]. (TA in that art.) [And سَبَقَ القَلَمُ (assumed tropical:) The pen anticipated, skipping over something, in transcribing.] ― -b7- One says also, سَبَقْتُ عَلَيْهٍ, meaning (tropical:) I overcame him. (TA.) And سَبَقَ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ (assumed tropical:) He overcame his people in generosity. (TA.) And سَبَقَهُ فِى الكَرَمِ (assumed tropical:) He exceeded him in generosity. (TA.)

2 سبّق ذ , (inf. n. تَسْبِيقٌ, Mgh,) He took, or received, the سَبَق [i. e. stake, or wager, laid at a race or a shooting-match, to be taken by the successful competitor ]: (IAar, O, K:) or سَبَّقْتُهُ I took, or received, the سَبَق, from him. (Az, Mgh, Msb.) ― -b2- And He gave the سَبَق: (IAar, O, K:) or سَبَّقْتُهُ I gave him the سَبَق. (Az, Mgh, Msb.) Thus it has two contr. significations. (IAar, Az, Mgh, O, Msb, K.) Hence, in the trad. of Rukáneh the wrestler, مَا تُسَبِّقُنِى, i. e. What wilt thou give me [if I overcome] ? and he said, The third of my sheep, or goats. (Mgh.) And سَبَّقَ البَدْرَةَ بَيْنَ الشُّعَرَاآءِ (tropical:) He made the [ sum of money termed ] بدرة to be a سَبَق [i. e. stake, or wager, ] among the poets, to be taken by him who should overcome. (Z, TA.) And it is said in a trad., أَمَرَ بِاـِجْرَاآءِ الخَيْلِ وَسبَّقَهَا ثَلَاثَةَ أَعْذُقٍ مِنْ ثَلَاثِ نَخَلَاتٍ, meaning [ He ordered the making of the horse to run, and ] gave them as a سَبَق [ three racemes of dates from three palm-trees ]: or it may mean, he took, or received, as their سَبَق: or it [i. e. سبقها] may be without teshdeed, [as a subst. with its affixed pronoun,] meaning the property assigned [ as their سَبَق]. (L, TA.) ― -b3- One says also, سَبَّقْتُ بَيْنَ الخَيْلِ [app. meaning I gave a سَبَق among the horses ]: (O:) or سَبَّقْتُ الخَيْلَ, and بَيْنَهَا ↓ سابقت, meaning I sent forth the horses with their riders upon them, to see which of them would outstrip. (TA.) ― -b4- And سبّقت الشَّاةُ, inf. n. as above, The ewe, or she-goat, cast her young one, or fœtus, in an incomplete state: (Ibn-'Abbád, O, K:) but سبّغت, with غ, is better known. (Ibn-'Abbád, O.) -A2- سَبَّقْتُ الطَّائِرَ (tropical:) I put the سِبَاقَانِ [or pair of jesses ] upon the legs of the bird, and [ so ] shackled it. (TA.)

3 سَابَقْتُهُ ذ , inf. n. مُسَابَقَةٌ and سِبَاقٌ, [ I strove, or contended, with him to precede him; to be, or become, get, go, or come, before him, or ahead of him; to outgo, or outstrip, him; to have, get, or take, precedence of him; in running (i. e. I raced, or ran a race, with him ); and in everything.] (Msb, TA.) You say, ↓ سَابَقْتُهُ فَسَبَقْتُهُ [ I strove, or contended, with him to precede him, &c., and I surpassed him, or overcame him, in doing so ]: (S:) the aor. of the latter verb in this case is أَسْبُقُهُ, (Bd in xxi. 27,) and the inf. n. is سَبْقٌ. (S.) ― -b2- See also 6. ― -b3- And see 2.

4 اسبق القَوْمُ اـِلَى الأَمْرِ ذ [perhaps a mistranscription for ↓ استبق] The people, or party, hastened to the thing, or affair; or employed the fulness of their power, or force, to hasten to it; syn. بَادَرُوا. (TA.)

6 تسابقا ذ and ↓ استبقا signify the same: (K, TA:) thus the saying [in the Kur xii. 25] البَابَ ↓ وَا@سْتَبَقَا means تَسَابَقَا اـِلَيْهِ, i. e. And they strove, or contended, each with the other, to precede, or get before, to the door. (TA.) [And both are trans. by means of اـِلَى:] you say, تسابقوا اـِلَى كَذَا and اـِلَيْهِ ↓ استبقوا [ They strove, or contended, together, to precede, or be first, in attaining to such a thing: and so ↓ سَابَقُوا: see the Kur lvii. 21, here سَابِقُوا اـِلَى مَغْفِرَةٍ is expl. by Bd as meaning سَارِعُوا مُسَارَعَةَ المُسَابِقِينَ فِى المِضْمَارِ i. e. Strive ye, one with another, in hastening, with the striving of those that contend to outstrip in the hippodrome, to obtain forgiveness ]. (Msb.) And you say, فِى العَدْوِ ↓ اِسْتَبَقْنَا, meaning تَسَابَقْنَا [i. e. We strove, or contended, one with another, to precede, get before or ahead, or outstrip, in running: and in like manner each of these verbs is used in relation to any object of contention for precedence]. (S.) ― -b2- And تسابقوا and ↓ استبقوا (tropical:) They competed, or contended, together in shooting. (TA.) ↓ ذَهَبْنَا نَسْتَبِقُ, in the Kur [xii. 17], means (assumed tropical:) We went to compete, or contend, together in shooting: (S, Bd:) or in running. (Bd.) ― -b3- And ↓ the latter of these verbs, as well as the former, signifies also They laid bets, wagers, or stakes, one with another. (TA.)

8 اـِسْتَبَقَ [استبقهُ and استبق اـِلَيْهِ i. q. بَادَرَ اـِلَيْهِ. Thus] فَا@سْتَبِقُوا الخَيْرَاتِ, in the Kur [ii. 143 and v. 53], means Therefore hasten ye to good acts, &c.; or employ the fulness of your power, or force, in hastening thereto; syn. بَادِرُوا اـِلَيْهَا. (O.) See also 4. ― -b2- You say also, استبق اـِلَيْهِ الأَمْرُ, (K in art. بدر,) or ↓ سَبَقَ, (M in that art.,) The thing, or event, came to him, or happened to him, hastily, quickly, or speedily; and beforehand [or before he expected it ]; syn. بَدَرَهُ, and بَدَرَ اـِلَيْهِ. (M and K in that art.) ― -b3- فَا@سْتَبَقُوا الصِّرَاطَ, in the Kur xxxvi. 66, in which الصراط is in the accus. case because of اـِلَى suppressed before it, or by making الاِسْتِبَاقُ to imply the meaning of الاِبْتِدَارُ, (Bd,) means And they would hasten, make haste, or strive to get first or beforehand, to the road that they were wont to travel: (Bd, Jel:) or (tropical:) they would go along the road and leave it behind them, (Bd, * O, K, TA,) so that they would wander from the right way. (O, K, TA.) ― -b4- See also 6, throughout.

سِبْقٌ ذ A competitor of another in striving to precede, to be before or ahead, to outgo or outstrip, or to have precedence: [pl. أَسْبَاقٌ; and the sing. is also used as a pl.:] you say, هُمْ سِبْقِى and أَسْبَاقِى: (L:) and هُمَا سِبْقَانِ They are two that compete &c. (El-Moheet, O, K.)

سَبَقٌ ذ A stake, or wager, that is laid between the persons concerned in a race, (T, S, O, Mgh, * Msb, * K,) and in a shooting-match; in the former case taken by [ the owner of ] the one that outstrips; (T, TA:) and ↓ سُبْقَةٌ signifies the same: (K:) pl. of the former أَسْبَاقٌ. (O, K.) It is said in a trad., لَا سَبَقَ اـِلَّا فِى خُفٍّ أَوْ حَافِرٍ أَوْ نَصْلٍ, meaning There shall be no stake, or wager, except in the case of the racing of camels, or of horses or mules or asses, or in the case of [ the arrowhead or lance-head, i. e.] shooting or casting [the lance]: for all these affairs are preparations for engaging in fight with the enemy; and mules and asses are included because they carry the baggage of the army. (O, TA.) ― -b2- Also (assumed tropical:) The lesson of a boy, that is learned each day in the school; also called اـِمَامٌ. (TA in art. ام.)

سُبْقَةٌ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph.

سِبَاقٌ ذ an inf. n. of 3 [q. v.]. (Msb, TA.) ― -b2- [As a simple subst., A race, or contest in running. ― -b3- And The preceding part of a discourse &c. You say سِبَاقُ الكَلَامِ وَسِيَاقُهُ The preceding and following parts of the discourse; the context, before and after. ] ― -b4- سِبَاقَا البَازِى The قَيْدَانِ [or pair of shackles, i. e. jesses, ] of the hawk or falcon, of leathern thongs or straps, or of other material. (S, O, K.)

سَبُوقٌ ذ : see سَابِقٌ.

هُوَ سَبَّاقُ غَايَاتٍ ذ (tropical:) He is one who [ often ] obtains the winning canes (قَصَبَات السَّبْق [see art. قصب]). (O, K, TA.)

سَابِقٌ ذ [act. part. n. of 1, Preceding, &c.: and sometimes it means one of the first or foremost: as is shown by what here follows]: sometimes what is thus termed has one coming up with it; as [sometimes happens] in the case of the سابق of horses: and sometimes it is like him who obtains the winning-cane (قَصَبَة السَّبْق [see art. قصب]); for he outstrips to it and has none to share with him in it, there being none coming up with him. (Msb.) It is applied to a horse That outstrips; as also ↓ سَبُوقٌ: (T, Msb, TA: *) and the pl. [masc., i. e. pl. of the former,] applied to horses is سُبَّقٌ and [fem., i. e. pl. of سَابِقَةٌ,] سَوَابِقُ: (TA:) [or] سَوَابِقُ may be pl. of سَابِقٌ regarded as a subst. like كَاهِلٌ and غَارِبٌ of which the pls. are كَوَاهِلُ and غَوَارِبُ. (Ham p. 46.) ― -b2- By the سَابِقَات mentioned in the Kur lxxix. 4 are meant The angels that precede the devils with the revelation [ that they convey ] to the prophets: (TA:) or the angels that precede the jinn, or genii, in listening to the revelation: (T, K, TA:) or the angels that precede with the souls of the believers to Paradise (Bd, Jel) and with the souls of the unbelievers to Hell: (Bd:) or the horses [ that precede in battle ]: (Zj, TA:) or the souls of the believers, that go forth with ease: or the stars [ that precede other stars ]. (TA. [See more in the Expositions of Bd and others.]) ― -b3- [The pl.] سُبَّقٌ, applied to palm-trees, means (assumed tropical:) That produce their fruit early. (TA.)

سَابِقَةٌ ذ [fem. of سَابِقٌ, q. v.: and also a subst. formed from the latter by the affix ة, signifying Priority, or precedence ]. One says, لَهُ سَابِقَةٌ فِى هٰذَا الأَمْرِ (tropical:) [ To him belongs priority, or precedence, in this affair, ] when he has preceded the [other] people [in betaking, or applying, himself] to the affair: (S, K, TA:) like as you say, لَهُ سَبْقٌ [mentioned above: see 1]. (TA.) ― -b2- [Also, as used by physicians, A predisposition to disease. ]

سَابِقِيَّةٌ ذ [The state, or condition, of preceding ]. (De Sacy's Anthol. Gramm. Ar. p. 302.)

أَسْبَقُ ذ [ More, and most, preceding or prevenient; more, and most outgoing or outstripping; &c.]. أَسْبَقُ مِنَ الأَجَلِ and مِنَ الأَفْكَارِ are provs. [meaning More prevenient than the period of death and than the thoughts ]. (Meyd.)

مُسَبَّقٌ ذ A horse much, or often, outstripped. (Msb.)

مَسْبُوقِيَّةٌ ذ [The state, or conditon, of being preceded ]. (De Sacy's Anthol. Gramm. Ar. p. 302.)

1 سَبَكَ ذ , (S, Mgh, Msb, K,) aor. سَبِكَ , (S, K,) so says El-Fárábee, and so in the Jm, and in the handwriting of Aboo-Sahl El-Harawee, (TA,) or سَبُكَ , (Msb,) thus in the handwriting of Az, (TA,) inf. n. سَبْكٌ, (S, Mgh, Msb,) He melted, (S, Mgh, Msb, K, TA,) and cleared of its dross, (Mgh,) and poured forth (K, TA) into a mould, (TA,) gold, (Mgh, Msb, TA,) or silver, (S, Mgh, TA,) &c.; (S, TA;) and ↓ سبّك signifies the same, (K,) inf. n. تَسْبِيكٌ; (TA;) this inf. n. and سَبْكٌ both signifying the melting of gold and silver, and pouring it forth into a مِسْبَكَة [or mould ] of iron, like the half of a cane divided lengthwise. (Lth, TA.) ― -b2- Hence, سَبْكٌ is metaphorically used in the sense of تَجْرِبَةٌ. (Har pp. 140 and 211.) One says, فُلَانٌ سَبَكَتْهُ التَّجَارِبُ (tropical:) [ Such a one, tryings tried, or have tried, him ]. (TA.) And كَلَامٌ لَا يَثْبُتُ عَلَى السَّبْكِ is another tropical phrase [app. meaning (tropical:) Speech or language, that does not stand good, or is not sound, or valid, when tried, or tested; that will not stand trying, or testing ]. (TA.)

2 سَبَّكَ see the preceding paragraph.