Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

اـِرْدَبٌّ ذ A well-known مِكْيَال [or measure with which corn is measured ], (T,) a large مِكْيَال, (S, M, K,) in Egypt, (K,) [i. e.] of the people of Egypt; (T, S;) or a certain measure of capacity well known in Egypt; (Msb;) not correctly called a مِكْيَال for they do not measure with it, but with the وَيْبَة: (IB, TA:) it comprises, (يَضُمُّ, [so in the M, but in copies of the K وَيُضَمُّ, which signifies that it is also pronounced with damm,]) as they say, (M,) or it takes, (T,) twenty-four times the measure called صَاع, (T, M, Msb, K,) of wheat, (T,) i. e. sixty-four times the measure called مَنّ, (T, Msb,) the منّ here meant being the منّ of our country, (Az, [app. meaning El-'Irák,]) and the صاع being that of the Prophet: (Msb:) or six وَيْبَات: (K:) the اردبّ of Egypt is six وَيْبَات; the وَيْبَة being four أَرْبَاع; the رُبْع, four أَقْدَاح; and the قَدَح, two hundred and thirty-two دَرَاهِم: (EsSuyootee in his “ Husn el-Mohádarah:”) the half of the اردبّ is called قَنْقَلٌ: (T:) the word اردبّ is affirmed by some to be arabicized: (MF:) [it is now vulgarly pronounced أَرْدَبّ:] the pl. is أَرَادِبُ. (Msb.) El-Akhtal says, قَوْمٌ اـِذَا ا@سْتَنْبَحَ الأَضْيَافُ كَلْبَهُمُ قَالُوا لِأُمِّهِمُ بُولِى عَلَى النَّارِ وَالخُبْزُ كَالعَنْبَرِ الهِنْدِىِّ عِنْدَهُمُ وَالقَمْحُ سَبْعُونَ اـِرْدَبًّا بِدِينَارِ [ Persons who, when the guests induce their dog to bark, (see art. نبح,) say to their mother, “ Make water on the fire: ” and bread is like Indian ambergris in their judgment, while wheat is seventy irdebbs for a deenár ]: the former of these two verses [whereof the latter only is cited in the S] is said by As and others to be the most severely-satirical verse uttered by any of the Arabs. (TA.) ― -b2- Also A conduit in which water flows upon the surface of the ground. (M, K.)

اـِرْدَبَّةٌ ذ A wide بَالُوعَة [or sink-hole ] made of baked clay: (T, K:) likened to the مِكْيَال above mentioned: pl. as above. (T.) [And Any pipe of baked clay: pl. اـِرْدَبَّاتٌ: see دَاخِنَةٌ.] ― -b2- And i. q. قِرْمِيدَةٌ [which may mean A large baked brick, or a thing made of baked clay ]: (M, TA:) or large baked bricks; (S, K, TA;) which are called قِرْمِيدٌ. (S, TA.)

1 رَدَجَ ذ , aor. رَدِجَ , inf. n. رَدْجٌ, He (a mare's foal [or a young ass, or a lamb or kid, or any young solid-hoofed animal only,]) voided the excrement termed رَدَج. (TA.) -A2- رَدَجَ, inf. n. رَدَجَانٌ, i. q. دَرَجَ, inf. n. دَرَجَانٌ: (K:) one of these is formed by transposition from the other: or, accord. to IJ, each is an original word. (TA.)

رَدَجٌ ذ What comes forth, (S, K,) or what first comes forth, (TA,) from the belly of a lamb or kid, or of a mare's foal, (S, K, TA,) and of a young mule, and of a young ass, (TA,) or of any young solid-hoofed animal only, (AZ, T, TA,) before it eats: like عِقْىٌ in relation to a child: (S, K:) pl. أَرْدَاجٌ. (TA.)

أَرْدَاجٌ ذ pl. of رَدَجٌ: (TA:) -A2- and used by Ru-beh for أَرَنْدَج, q. v. (K.)

أَرَنْدَجٌ ذ (Lh, S, K) and اـِرَنْدَجٌ (K) and ↓ يَرَنْدَجٌ (Lh, S) Black skin [or leather ], (S, K,) of which boots are made: termed by Ru-beh, in the following hemistich, ↓ أَرْدَاج: كَأَنَّمَا سُرْوِلْنَ فِى الأَرْدَاجِ [ As though they were clad in trousers of ارندج]: (K:) accord. to A' Obeyd, originally Pers., (S,) arabicized, (K,) from رَنْدَهْ: (S, K:) one should not say رَنْدَجٌ: (ISk, S:) accord. to Lh, i. q. دَارِشٌ: or, he adds, as some say, a skin [or leather ] different from that termed دارش: or i. q. زَاجٌ, with which one blackens. (TA. [See what follows.]) With respect to these words of a poet, describing a woman as ignorant, or inexperienced, قَبْلَهَا ↓ لَمْ تَدْرِ مَا نَسْجُ اليَرَنْدَجِ [ She knew not what is the weaving of يرندج before it ], it is said that he imagined يرندج to be woven, or that he meant that this woman, by reason of her ignorance, or inexperience, imagined it to be so. (TA.) ― -b2- [It is said, app. on the ground of an assertion mentioned above, that] ↓ يَرَنْدَجٌ also signifies A certain black dye; (L;) the black [or blacking ] with which boots are blacked: or زَاجٌ [i. e. vitriol ]. (K.) ― -b3- Az mentions ارندج and ↓ يرندج as quadriliteral-radical words. (TA.)

يَرَنْدَجٌ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph, in four places.

1 رَدَحَ البَيْتَ ذ , (S, K,) aor. رَدَحَ , (K,) inf. n. رَدْحٌ, (TA,) He inserted an oblong piece of cloth, (S, K,) such as is termed رُدْحَة, (TA,) in the hinder part of the tent; as also ↓ اردحهُ: (S, K:) or both signify he widened the tent: (A:) or he lowered, or let down, the curtain (رُدْحَة, or سُتْرَة,) at the hinder part of the tent. (L, and so in some copies of the K.) ― -b2- Also (thus in the S, but in the K “ or ”) He put a thick coating, or covering, of clay, or mud, upon the house, or structure; and so ↓ اردحهُ. (S, K.) ― -b3- رَدْحٌ also signifies The spreading a thing upon the ground, so that it becomes even; and so تَرْدِيحٌ [inf. n. of ↓ ردّح]; but it is said that the latter occurs only in poetry: or the former, accord. to Az, the spreading a thing so that its back [or upper surface ] becomes even with the ground. (TA.) ― -b4- And رَدَحَهُ He threw him down prostrate. (L.) -A2- رَدُحَتْ, aor. رَدُحَ , inf. n. رَدَاحَةٌ, She (a woman) was, or became, such as is termed رَدَاح, i. e. heavy in the hips, or haunches; or large in the posteriors, heavy in the hips, or haunches, and perfect in make. (TA.)

2 رَدَّحَ see the preceding paragraph.

4 أَرْدَحَ see 1, in two places.

رُدْحَةٌ ذ A curtain (سُتْرَة) in the hinder part, of a بَيْت [or tent ]: (S, K:) or a piece, (S, K,) i. e. an oblong piece of cloth, (TA,) that is added in a tent, (S, K,) [ in the hinder part thereof, (see 1,)] or inserted therein. (L.) ― -b2- The رُدْحَة of the lurking-place, or pit, of a hunter consists of Stones set up around; which are also called حَمَائِرُ, pl. of حِمَارَةٌ. (TA.) -A2- Also i. q. سَعَةٌ; and so ↓ مُرْتَدَحٌ: thus in the saying, لَكَ عَنْهُ رُدْحَةٌ and مُرْتَدَحٌ [meaning Thou hast ample scope, freedom, or liberty, to avoid it; or thou hast that which renders thee in no need of it ]; (K;) like لَكَ عَنْهُ مَنْدُوحَةٌ. (TA.)

رَدَاحٌ ذ A great [ bowl such as is termed ] جَفْنَة: (S, A, * K:) this is said to be the primary signification: (Har p. 609:) pl. رُدُحٌ. (S, A.) ― -b2- A widened tent; as also ↓ مَرْدُوحٌ and ↓ مُرْدَحٌ [of both which see the verbs]. (A.) ― -b3- A woman heavy in the hips, or haunches: (S, K:) or a woman large in the hips, or haunches, and the posteriors: (A:) or a woman large in the posteriors, heavy in the hips, or haunches, and perfect in make; as also ↓ رَادِحَةٌ and ↓ رَدُوحٌ. (TA.) And A she-camel, (T, TA,) and a ram, (A, K,) large in the posteriors. (T, A, K, TA.) ― -b4- A camel heavily laden, (K, TA,) that will not be roused, or put in motion or action, and rise. (TA.) ― -b5- An army, or troop, (كَتِيبَةٌ,) marching heavily by reason of numbers, (S, K,) or dragging along the apparatus of war, heavily laden, (K,) great, (TA,) compact, with many horsemen. (A, TA.) ― -b6- A great, wide, spreading tree. (A, K.) ― -b7- [A place, or land,] abounding with herbage, or with the goods, conveniences, or comforts, of life; fruitful; or plentiful. (K.) ― -b8- عُكُومٌ رَدَاحٌ Loads balancing one another that are heavy, much stuffed with goods or utensils and furniture; as also ↓ رِدَاحٌ: so in the Towsheeh &c. (TA.) ― -b9- فِتْنَةٌ رَدَاحٌ (A, K) (tropical:) Heavy and great [ conflict and faction, or sedition, or discord, or the like ]: pl. رُدُحٌ: whence, in a saying of 'Alee, اـِنَّ مِنْ وَرَائِكُمْ أُمُورًا مُتَمَاحِلَةً رُدُحًا, (K,) meaning (tropical:) [ Verily behind you are events whereof the exposition would be long, ] great conflicts and factions, or seditions, &c.: (TA:) or, accord. to one relation, رُدَّحًا, (K, TA,) pl. of ↓ رَادِحَةٌ, and meaning heavy, scarcely departing: and accord. to another, ↓ فِتَنًا مُرْدِحَةً, meaning oppressing by their weight; or covering the hearts; from أَرْدَحَ البَيْتَ [in the latter of the senses assigned to it above: see 1]. (TA.) ― -b10- رَدَاحٌ also means (tropical:) Darkness. (A, TA.)

رِدَاحٌ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph.

رَدُوحُ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph.

رَادِحَةٌ ذ : see رَدَاحٌ, in two places. ― -b2- مَائِدَةٌ رَادِحَةٌ A large table abounding with good things. (TA.)

مُرْدَحٌ ذ : see رَدَاحٌ. ― -b2- Homeyd says, (S, TA,) i. e. Ibn El-Arkat, (TA,) بِنَاآءَ صَخْرٍ مُرْدَحٍ بِالطِّينِ meaning [ A structure of rocks, or large stones, ] thickly coated, or covered, with clay, or mud. (S.) ― -b3- Az says that مُرْدَحٌ sometimes occurs in poetry in the sense of ↓ مَرْدُوحٌ as meaning Spread so that its back [or upper surface ] is even with the ground. (TA.)

مُرْدِحَة ذ : see رَدَاحٌ, last sentence but one.

مَرْدُوحٌ ذ : see رَدَاحٌ: ― -b2- and مُرْدَحٌ.

مُرْتَدَحٌ ذ : see رُدْحَةٌ.

1 رَدَسَ القَوْمَ ذ , (S, K,) aor. رَدُسَ , inf. n. رَدْسٌ, (S,) He threw a stone at the people, or party; or threw at them and hit them with a stone: (S, K:) or with a great stone: (Ham p. 214:) or رَدَسَ, aor. رَدِسَ , inf. n. as above, he threw at, or shot at; or he threw at and hit, or he shot; (رَمَى;) with anything. (M.) [See also 3.] ― -b2- رَدْسٌ also signifies The act of striking, or smiting. (Sh, M.) ― -b3- And رَدَسَهُ, (M, K,) aor. رَدِسَ and رَدُسَ , inf. n. as above; (M;) or رَدَسَهُ بِمِرْدَاسٍ; (A;) He beat it so as to break it, or crush it; (M, A, K;) namely, a thing, (M,) or a wall, and the ground, (K,) and a lump of dry clay; (TA;) with a hard thing, (M,) or with a big stone, (A,) or with a bard and broad thing. (K.) And رَدَسَهُ, aor. رَدِسَ and رَدُسَ , (IDrd, K,) inf. n. as above, (IDrd, TA,) He broke it; namely, a stone with a stone. (IDrd, K.) ― -b4- رَدَسَ بِرَأْسِهِ He pushed, or thrust, or repelled, (دَفَعَ, [not رَفَعَ, as Freytag seems to have found it written, as on the authority of Meyd,]) with his head. (TA.) ― -b5- And رَدَسَهُ, inf. n. as above, He broke, or trained, him; like دَرَسَهُ, inf. n. دَرْسٌ. (M.) -A2- رَدَسَ He went away: you say, مَا أَدْرِى أَيْنَ رَدَسَ I know not whither he went away, or has gone away. (S, TA.) And رَدَسَ بِالشَّىْءِ He went away with, or took away, the thing. (K.)

3 رادس القَوْمَ ذ i. q. رَدَسَهُمْ [explained above, in the first sentence]: (S, TA:) [or He threw stones at the people, or party, they doing so at him; or pelted them with stones, they pelting him: for the inf. n.] مُرَادَسَةٌ is explained in the O and K as meaning مُرَايَاةٌ; but the correct explanation may be مُرَامَاةٌ. (TA.)

5 تردّس مِنْ مَكَانِهِ ذ He, or it, fell from his, or its, place. (Ibn-'Abbád, Sgh, K.)

قَوْلٌ رَدْسٌ ذ (assumed tropical:) A saying that is as though it were thrown at one's adversary. (IAar, M.)

رَدُوسٌ ذ : see what next follows.

رِدِّيسٌ ذ A man who throws stones at others, or pelts them with stones, much, or often: (S: [this meaning is there indicated, but not expressed:]) or, as also ↓ رَدُوسٌ a man who pushes, thrusts, or repels, much, or vehemently; syn. دَفُوعٌ; (K;) or نَطُوحٌ; and who is strong, as though his enemy were pelted with him. (IAar in explanation of ردوس.)

مِرْدَسٌ ذ A hard thing with which a thing is beaten so as to be broken, or crushed, thereby: (M:) and ↓ مِرْدَاسٌ signifies [in like manner] a big stone with which a thing is so beaten: (A:) or each, a hard and broad thing with which a wall and the ground (K, TA) and a lump of dry clay (TA) are so beaten: (K, TA:) or the latter word, a mass of stone, or rock, which one throws; and the former has this meaning also, as well as the first meaning: (M:) or the latter word, (S,) or each, (M,) a stone which is thrown into a well in order that one may know whether there be in it water or not. (S, M. [See also مِرْجَاسٌ.])

مِرْدَاسٌ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph. ― -b2- Also The head; (AA, K;) because one pushes, or thrusts, or repels, with it. (AA, TA.) ― -b3- And also said to signify A great mountain. (TA in art. رعن.)

1 رَدَعَهُ ذ , aor. رَدَعَ , inf. n. رَدْعٌ, He restrained, withheld, prevented, or hindered, him; made him to restrain himself, withhold himself, refrain, forbear, or abstain; (S, Msb, K;) turned him back, repelled him, or averted him; (K;) عَنِ الشَّىْءِ from the thing. (S, Msb, K. *) ― -b2- [Hence, app.,] رَدَعَ جَيْبَهُ عَنْهُ (assumed tropical:) He cleared his bosom, or heart, of it; syn. فَرَجَهُ, or فَرَّجَهُ; (accord. to different copies of the K;) [as though he withheld his mind from it;] meaning, grief, and perturbation; جيب being used to signify the “ bosom, ” and the “ heart: ” (TK:) mentioned by Sgh. (TA.)

6 ترادع القَوْمُ ذ The people, or company of men, restrained, withheld, prevented, or hindered, one another; made one another to restrain himself, withhold himself, refrain, forbear, or abstain; turned back, repelled, or averted, one another. (TA.)

8 ارتدع ذ He became restrained, withheld, prevented, or hindered; was made to restrain himself, withhold himself, refrain, forbear, or abstain; or he restrained himself, withheld himself, refrained, forbore, or abstained; (S, Msb, K, TA;) he became turned back, repelled, or averted; or he turned back, or reverted. (K.) You say, ارتدع بِرَوَادِعِ القُرْاآنِ [ He became restrained by the restrictions of the Kur-án ]. (Msb.)

[ رَادِعَةٌ ذ , app. for اآيَةٌ رَادِعَةٌ A restraining verse of the Kur-án, seems to be the sing. of رَوَادِعُ, of which an ex. occurs above: see 8.]

1 رَدِغَ ذ [aor. رَدَغَ ,] inf. n. رَدَغٌ, It (a place) was, or became, slimy, or miry. (MA.) [See also 4.] -A2- رَدَغَ بِهِ الأَرْضَ He threw him (a man) upon the ground. (TA.) And رُدِغَ بِهِ He was thrown down, or prostrated. (TA.)

3 رادغهُ ذ [ He strove with him, in wrestling, to throw him down ]. (TA in art. رسغ: see 3 in that art.)

4 اردغت الأَرْضُ ذ The land, or ground, was, or became, very slimy or miry; [like ارزغت;] or had much stiff slime or mire; (K;) as also اردعت. (TA.) [See also رَدِغَ.] ― -b2- And اردغت السَّمَاآءُ and ارزغت The sky gave water such as moistened the earth or ground. (TA.)

8 ارتدغ ذ He fell into a slimy, or miry, place; (A, TA;) or into رِدَاغ, (JK, K,) or رَدَغَة. (TA.)

رَدْغٌ ذ and رَدَغٌ: see رَدَغَةٌ, in four places.

رَدِغٌ ذ A slimy, or miry, place; (Mgh, L;) a place in which is رَدْغ: (Tekmileh, TA:) or a place in which is much رَدْغ. (K.)

رَدَغَةٌ ذ and رَدْغَةٌ Slime, or mire; i. e. water and clay or mud: and stiff slime or mire: (S, K:) or much slime or mire: (JK:) pl. رِدَاغٌ and [coll. gen. ns.] ↓ رَدَغٌ (S, K) and ↓ رَدْغٌ: (K:) or ↓ رِدَاغٌ signifies thin mud: or, as some say, it is pl. of رَدْغَةٌ: (Mgh:) accord. to Kr, ↓ رَدْغٌ and ↓ رِدَاغٌ signify slime, or mire; and are sings. (TA.) [See also رَزَغَةٌ.] Hence, ↓ يَوْمٌ ذُو رَدْغٍ [ A day of slime, or mire, &c.]. (TA, from a trad.) And عَنِ الجُمُعَةِ ↓ مَنَعَنَا هٰذَا الرِّدَاغُ [ This slime, or mire, &c., prevented us from attending the prayer of Friday: الرداغ being here used as a sing. n.]. (TA, from another trad.) ― -b2- [Hence also,] رَدْغَةُ الخَبَالِ and رَدَغَةُ الخبال The [ corrupt ] fluid squeezed, or wrung, or flowing, from the inhabitants of Hell. (K, TA.) This, it is said in a trad., will be given to drink to him who drinks wine. (TA.) ― -b3- You say also مَاآءٌ رَدْغَةٌ and رَدَغَةٌ [app. Slimy, or miry, water ]; both meaning the same. (TA.)

رِدَاغٌ ذ : see the next preceding paragraph, in three places.

رَدِيغٌ ذ Thrown down, or prostrated; (IAar, K;) as also رَدِيعٌ. (TA.) -A2- And Foolish, or stupid, (JK, S, K,) and weak: (JK, TA:) this, and رَدِيعٌ, the former mentioned on the authority of Sh, and the latter on the authority of AHeyth, are thought by Az to mean foolish, or stupid. (TA.)

مَرْدَغٌ ذ : see the following paragraph.

مَرْدَغَةٌ ذ A رَوْضَة [i. e. meadow, or garden, ] that is beautiful, or goodly; or that is beautiful in appearance, exciting admiration, and satisfying the eye: (IAar, K:) and so مَرْغَدَةٌ. (TA.) -A2- Also sing. of مَرَادِغُ, which signifies The parts between the neck and the collar-bone: (S, K;) also called the بَاآدِل. (S.) And The portion of flesh [or muscle ] between the وَابِلَة of the كَتِف [i. e. the extremity in which is the glenoid cavity of the shoulder-blade, or the muscle of the shoulderblade, ] and the heads of the ribs of the breast: (IAar, K:) or the مَرَادِغ are [the parts ] beneath the two collar-bones, on each side of the breast. (TA.) And you say نَاقَةٌ ذَاتُ مَرَادِغَ (K) and جَمَلٌ ذُو مَرَادِغَ (TA) meaning A fat she-camel (K) and he-camel: (TA:) ISh says, when the camel is satisfied by abundance of herbage, he has مرادغ in his belly and upon the upper parts of his shoulder-blades, i. e. accumulated fat thereon, like hares lying down; but when he is not fat, there is no ↓ مَرْدَغ there. (TA.) مَرْدَغَةُ العُنُقِ means A portion of flesh [or a muscle, app. of a camel,] upon the hinder side of the rising part from the middle of the عَضُد [or humerus ] to the elbow: or, as some say, the flesh of the breast. (TA.) And مَرَادِغُ السَّنَامِ means The fat that adjoins the مَأْنَة [q. v., of the hump ]: (JK, Ibn- 'Abbád, TA:) sing. مَرْدَغَةٌ. (JK.)

1 رَدِفَهُ ذ , (T, S, O, Msb, K &c.,) aor. رَدَفَ , (K,) inf. n. رَدْفٌ, (MA, KL,) He rode behind him [ on the same beast ]; (AZ, Sh, Zj, T, MA, Msb;) [and] so رَدَفَهُ, [aor. رَدُفَ ;] (M;) and ↓ اردفهُ; (AZ, Sh, T, M;) said by IAar to signify the same as رَدِفَهُ: (T:) [or, in other words,] رَدِفَهُ signifies he became to him a رِدْف [meaning a رَدِيف]; and so رَدِفَ لَهُ; for the Arabs often add the ل with a trans. v. that governs an accus. noun; so that they say, سَمِعَ لَهُ and شَكَرَ لَهُ and نَصَحَ لَهُ, meaning سَمِعَهُ and شَكَرَهُ and نَصَحَهُ: (Fr, T:) [and also] he, or it, followed, or came after, him, or it; (S, O, K, and Ham p. 148;) and so رَدِفَ لَهُ; (Ham ibid.;) and رَدَفَهُ, aor. رَدُفَ ; (K;) and ↓ اردفهُ; (S, K, and Ham ubi suprà;) and ↓ ارتدفهُ also signifies the same as رَدِفَهُ; (K;) رَدِفَهُ and ↓ اردفهُ being like تَبِعَهُ and أَتْبَعَهُ in [form and] meaning: (S:) [↓ رَدَّفَهُ, likewise, appears to be syn. with رَدِفَهُ; or, probably, رُدِّفَهُ, which seems to signify lit. he was made to ride behind him; &c.; for it is said that] the inf. n. تَرْدِيفٌ signifies the coming, or going, behind; as also تَرْدَافٌ: (KL:) and رَدِفْتُهُ also signifies I overtook him and outwent him. (Msb: [explained in my copy by لحقته وسبقته: but I think that سبقته is a mistranscription for تَبِعْتُهُ; and that the meaning therefore is, I overtook him and followed him. ]) One says, كَانَ نَزَلَ بِهِمْ أَمْرٌ فَرَدِفَ لَهُمْ اآخَرُ أَعْظَمُ مِنْهُ [ An event had befallen them, and another, of greater magnitude than it, happened afterwards to them ]. (Lth, * T, * S, O.) And أَمْرٌ ↓ اردفهُ is a dial. var. of رَدِفَهُ, meaning An event happened to him afterwards: (S, O:) or رَدِفَهُمُ الأَمْرُ and ↓ أَرْدَفَهُم signify the event came upon them suddenly, or unexpectedly; or came upon them so as to overwhelm them. (M.) It is said in the Kur [xxvii. 74], عَسَى أَنْ يَكُونَ رَدِفَ لَكُمْ بَعْضُ ا@لَّذِى تَسْتَعْجِلُونَ, meaning [ Perhaps a portion of that which ye desire to hasten ] may have drawn near to you; (Yoo, Fr, T, O,) as though the ل were introduced because the meaning is دَنَا لَكُمْ: or it may mean يَكُونَ رَدِفَكُمْ [may have become close behind you ]; (Fr, T, O;) the ل being introduced for a reason mentioned above, as in سَمِعَ لَهُ &c. for سَمِعَهُ &c.: (Fr, T:) El-Aaraj read رَدَفَ لكم. (O.) And Khuzeymeh Ibn-Málik Ibn-Nahd says, الثُّرَيَّا ↓ اـِذَا الجَوْزَاآءُ أَرْدَفَتِ ظَنَنْتُ بِاآلِ فَاطِمَةَ الظُّنُونَا [ When Orion, or Gemini, shall ride behind, or closely follow, the Pleiades, (an event which will never occur,) I will form in my mind, respecting the family (meaning the father ) of Fátimeh, opinions ]: (S, O:) cited by Fr [and by J] as an ex. of اردفت in the sense of رَدِفَت: (T:) he means Fátimeh the daughter of Yedhkur Ibn-'Anazeh, who [i. e. Yedhkur] was one of the قَارِظَان. (S, O. [Respecting the قارظان, see art. قَرظ.])

2 رَدَّفَ see 1, in the former half of the paragraph.

3 رادفت الدَّابَّةُ ذ The beast allowed a رَدِيف [ to ride it ], and was strong enough to bear him; as also ↓ اردفت [accord. to some]. (Msb.) You say, هَذِهِ دَابَّةٌ لَا تُرَادِفُ (T, S, M, O, K) and ↓ لَا تُرْدِفُ, (Lth, M, O, K,) but the latter is rare, (K,) or post-classical, of the language of the people of towns and villages, (T, O,) and not allowable, (T,) This beast will not allow a رَدِيف (Lth, T, M) to ride it; (Lth, T;) will not bear a رديف. (S, O, K.) ― -b2- مُرَادَفَةُ الجَرَادِ signifies The mounting of [ locusts one behind, or upon, another; ] the male locust upon the female, and the third upon those two. (S, O, K.) ― -b3- And مُرَادَفَةُ المُلُوكِ is [a phrase meaning The acting as a رِدْف, or as أَرْدَاف, to the kings, ] from الرِّدَافَةُ [q. v.]. (O, K.) Jereer, who was of the Benoo-Yarbooa, to whom pertained the رِدَافَة in the Time of Ignorance, says, رَبَعْنَا وَرَادَفْنَا المُلُوكَ فَظَلِّلُوا وطَابَ الأَحَالِيبِ الثُّمَامَ المُنَزَّعَا [ We have taken the fourth part of the spoils, and we have acted as أَرْدَاف to the kings; therefore shade ye the skins of the camel-loads of milk collected from the camels in the pasture with panic grass plucked up, and so make it cool for us ]: (S, * O:) وِطَاب is the pl. of the وَطْب of milk. (S.) ― -b4- [In the conventional language of lexicology, رادفهُ, inf. n. مُرَادَفَةٌ, signifies It was synonymous with it; i. e. a word with another word: as though the former supplied the place of the latter, like as the رِدْف supplied the place of the king. See also 6.]

4 أَرْدَفْتُهُ ذ , (T, S, Msb,) inf. n. اـِرْدَافٌ, (Msb,) I made him to ride (Sh, Zj, T, S, Msb) behind me, (Sh, * Zj, T, Msb,) or with me, (S,) on the back of the [ same ] beast; and so ↓ اِرْتَدَفْتُهُ: (Msb:) or ↓ ارتدفهُ signifies he placed him behind him on the beast: (M:) and أَرْدَفْتُهُ مَعَهُ I made him to ride with him [or behind him, on the same beast ]. (O, K.) ― -b2- And اردف الشَّىْءَ بِالشَّىْءِ and اردفهُ عَلَيْهِ He made the thing to follow the thing. (M.) ― -b3- See also 1, in six places. ― -b4- اردفت النُّجُومُ, [بَعْضُهَا بَعْضًا being app. understood,] The stars followed one another. (S, O, K.) [See also 6.] ― -b5- See also 3, in two places.

6 تَرَادُفٌ ذ is syn. with تَتَابُعٌ. (T, S, O.) You say, تَرَادَفَا They followed each other. (K.) And ترادف القَوْمُ The people, or party, followed one another: and in like manner one says of anything following another thing. (Msb.) [See also 4.] And ترادف الشَّىْءُ The thing was, or became, consecutive in its parts; one part of the thing followed another. (M.) ― -b2- It is also a word alluding to a certain foul act: (M, O:) from الرِّدْفُ signifying العَجُزُ. (M.) You say, (of two boys, or young men, TK,) تَرَادَفَا meaning تَنَاكَحَا. (K.) ― -b3- And تَرَادَفُوا عَلَيْهِ They aided, helped, or assisted, one another against him. (As, S.) And تَرَادَفَا They aided, helped, or assisted, each other; (O, K;) as also ترافدا. (O.) ― -b4- As a conventional term in lexicology, تَرَادُفٌ signifies Synonymousness; or the being synonymous. (Mz, 27th نوع; and Kull p. 130.) [You say, of two words, يَتَرَادَفَانِ They are synonymous. See also 3: and see مُتَرَادِفٌ.]

8 اـِرْتَدَفَ see 1, in the former half of the paragraph: ― -b2- and see also 4, in two places. ― -b3- You say also, ارتدفهُ meaning He came behind him; syn. اِسْتَدْبَرَهُ. (S, O.) And ارتدف العَدُوَّ He took the enemy, or seized him, or took him captive, or gained the mastery over him and slew him, coming from behind him; syn. أَخَذَهُ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ أَخْذًا. (K.) أَتَيْنَا فُلَانًا فَا@رْتَدَ فْنَاهُ is explained by Ks as meaning أَخَذْنَاهُ &c. as above [i. e. We came to such a one, and took him, &c.]. (T, S, M, * O.)

10 استردفهُ ذ He asked him to make him [or to let him ] ride behind him on the back of the beast. (S, * O, Msb, K. *)

رِدْفٌ ذ : see رَدِيفٌ, in two places. ― -b2- Also A sequent of a thing; (T, S, M, O, Msb, K;) whatever that sequent be: (S, O, Msb, K:) pl. أَرْدَافٌ, which is its pl. in all its senses; (M;) and is particularly applied to the [stars that are] followers of [other] stars; (T, M, O;) [and] its pl. is [also] رُدَافَى; (T;) which is particularly applied to drivers of camels; or drivers who urge camels, or excite them, by singing to them: (T, S, K:) and to aids, assistants, or auxiliaries; (S, K;) [as being a man's followers; or] because, when any one of them is fatigued, another takes his place: (S:) or, as some say, رُدَافَى is syn. with رَدِيفٌ: (T:) or it is also syn. with رَدِيفٌ, and (O, K) some say, (O,) a pl. thereof. (O, K.) ― -b3- The night: and the day: (K:) الرِّدْفَانِ signifying the night and the day, (T, S, O, K,) because each of them is a رِدْف to the other: (T:) and the morning, between daybreak and sunrise, and the evening, between sunset and nightfall; as also الأَبْرَدَانِ and البَرْدَانِ. (T in art. برد.) ― -b4- The consequence of an event, or affair; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ رَدَفٌ. (O, K.) So the former in the saying, هٰذَا أَمْرٌ لَيْسَ لَهُ رِدْفُ [ This is an event, or affair, that has not, or will not have, any consequence, or result ]. (S, O.) [So too ↓ رَدِيفٌ; the phrase ↓ الرَّدِيفُ وَالمَرْدُوفُ meaning The consequence and that of which it is the consequence. ] ― -b5- The hinder part of anything. (M.) ― -b6- The posteriors, or buttocks, (S, M, O, Msb,) or peculiarly, accord. to some, (M,) of a woman: pl. أَرْدَافٌ; (M, Msb;) with which رَوَادِفُ is syn., but [ISd says,] I know not whether it be an extr. pl. of رِدْفٌ, or pl. of ↓ رَادِفَةٌ. (M.) ― -b7- رِدْفُ المَلِكِ He who, in the Time of Ignorance, supplied the place of the king, (T, M,) in the management of the affairs of the realm, like the وَزِير in the time of El-Islám, (T,) or like the صَاحِبُ الشُّرْطَة in this our age: (M:) in the Time of Ignorance, (S,) he who sat on the right hand of the king, and, when the king drank, drank after him, before others, and, when the king went to war, sat in his place, (S, O, K, *) and was his vicegerent over the people until he returned, and, on the return of the king's army, took the fourth of the spoil: (S, O:) he also rode behind the king upon his horse: (Har p. 321:) pl. أَرْدَافٌ. (T, S, M.) [See also الرِّدَافَةُ.] ― -b8- الرِّدْفُ [is also a name of] The bright star [ a ] on the tail of the constellation الدَّجَاجَة [i. e. Cygnus; which star is also called الذَّنَبُ, and ذَنَبُ الدَّجَاجَةِ]; (Kzw;) a certain star near to النَّسْرُ الوَاقِعُ [or a of Lyra ]; (Lth, M, O, K;) and (M) so ↓ الرَّدِيفُ; (S, M, O;) or this is another star near to النسر الواقع. (K.) And رِدْفُ الثُّرَيَّا i. q. الجَوْزَاآءُ [i. e. either Orion or Gemini ]. (O.) ― -b9- Lebeed applies the dual رِدْفَانِ to Two sailors in the hinder part of a ship. (O, K.)