Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

مُرَاحٌ مُنْفَسِحٌ ذ (assumed tropical:) A nightly resting-place of camels, or of camels and other cattle, in which they are numerous. (As, K.)

1 فَسَخَ ذ , (S, A, L, K,) aor. فَسَخَ , (S, L, K,) inf. n. فَسْخٌ; (S, L;) and ↓ فسّخ; (L; [but this has an intensive signification;]) He dislocated, luxated, or disjointed, (A, L, K,) one's arm, or hand, (S, A, L, K,) or a limb, without breaking: (L:) [and] فَسَخْتُ المَفْصِلَ عَنْ مَوْضِعِهِ I removed the joint from its place. (Msb.) ― -b2- And the former v., aor. and inf. n. as above, He removed a stick, or twig, or branch, from its place with his hand. (Msb.) ― -b3- And the same v., (S, Msb,) aor. as above, (A,) and so the inf. n., (K,) He cast, or cast off, (S, Msb, K,) a garment, (S, Msb,) or his garments. (A.) You say, فَسَخْتُ عَنِّى ثَوْبِى I cast, or cast off, from me my garment. (S.) ― -b4- And the same v., (L, Msb,) [aor. and] inf. n. as above, (K,) He separated, disunited, sundered, dissundered, or dispersed, (L, Msb, K,) a thing. (L, Msb.) ― -b5- Also, the same verb, (S, A, L, Msb,) aor. as above, (L,) and so the inf. n., (L, Msb, K,) (tropical:) He undid, dissolved, or annulled, (S, A, L, Msb, K,) a sale, (S, A, L, Msb,) and a determination, resolution, or decision, (S,) and a marriage, (S, A, L,) and a contract, compact, or covenant, and an affair. (Msb.) ― -b6- And the same v., (L, Msb,) [aor. and] inf. n. as above, (L, K,) (assumed tropical:) He (a man, Msb) corrupted, or disordered, the judgment, or opinion. (L, Msb, K.) -A2- فَسِخَ, aor. فَسَخَ , (L, K,) inf. n. فَسَخٌ; (L;) or فَسَخَ, this v. being intrans. as well as trans.; (Msb;) (assumed tropical:) It (the judgment, or opinion,) was, or became, corrupt, or disordered. (L, Msb, K.) ― -b2- [And, accord. to the TK, فَسِخَ, (but this I think to be a mistake for فَسَخَ,) inf. n. فَسْخٌ, signifies ضَعُفَ ((assumed tropical:) He was, or became, weak, app. in intellect and in body; see فَسْخٌ below); said of a man: and جَهِلَ (app. intrans., meaning (assumed tropical:) He was, or became, ignorant; but accord. to the TK trans., meaning he knew not a thing).] ― -b3- In the conventional language of the philosophers, الفَسْخُ [as an inf. n.] signifies (assumed tropical:) The transmigration of the rational soul of a human being from his body to [ some one of ] the inanimate, not increasing, bodies, such as the minerals, or metals, and the simple elements: (Dict. of Technical Terms used in the Sciences of the Musalmans:) or, to a plant: the former meaning being that of الرَّسْخُ. (So in a marginal note in a copy of the TK.)

2 فَسَّخَ see the preceding paragraph, first sentence.

3 فاسخهُ البَيْعَ ذ (tropical:) [ He agreed with him in undoing, dissolving, or annulling, the sale ]. (A. [See 6.])

4 افسخ القُرْاآنَ ذ (assumed tropical:) He forgot the Kur-án. (Fr, S.)

5 تَفَسَّخَ see 7, in two places. ― -b2- تفسّخ الشَّعَرُ عَنِ الجِلْدِ The hair fell off and became scattered from the skin, peculiarly of a dead body: (L, K:) and in like manner, اللَّحْمُ عَنِ العَظْمِ the flesh from the bone. (A, L.) And تَفَسَّخَتِ الفَأَرَةُ فِى المَاآءِ The rat, or mouse, became dissundered, [or fell in pieces, through putrefaction, ] in the water. (S.) ― -b3- تفسّخ تَحْتَ الحِمْلِ الثَّقِيلِ, said of a [young camel such as is termed] رُبَع, (S, K, *) He was, or became, weak beneath the heavy load, (K,) and unable to bear it: (S, K:) and [in like manner] one says of a man, تفسّخ تَحْتَ العِبْءِ الثَّقِيلِ. (A.)

6 تفاسخوا العَقْدَ ذ (assumed tropical:) They agreed together in undoing, dissolving, or annulling, the contract, compact, or covenant. (Msb.) And تفاسخا البَيْعَ (tropical:) [ They two agreed in dissolving, or annulling, the sale ]. (A.) ― -b2- And تفاسخت الأَقَاوِيلُ (tropical:) The sayings annulled, or contradicted, one another. (TA.)

7 انفسخ ذ It (a limb, L, such as an arm, or a hand, A, L) became dislocated, luxated, or disjointed; (A, L;) as also ↓ تفسّخ. (L.) One says, وَقَعَ فُلَانٌ فَا@نْفَسَخَتْ قَدَمُهُ Such a one fell, and his foot became dislocated. (L. [And the like is said in the A.]) ― -b2- It (a stick, or twig, or branch,) became removed from its place by the hand. (Msb.) ― -b3- It (flesh) became dissundered by putrefaction; as also ↓ تفسّخ. (L.) ― -b4- And, said of a sale, (S, A, K,) and a determination, resolution, or decision, (S, K,) and a marriage, (S, A, K,) [and a contract, compact, or covenant, (see 1,)] and an affair, (L,) (tropical:) It became undone, dissolved, or annulled. (S, A, L, K.) ― -b5- Also said of a weak man, [app. as meaning (assumed tropical:) He became unnerved, ] on an occasion of difficulty. (L: see فَسِيخٌ.)

فَسْخٌ ذ [mentioned above as the inf. n. of 1 in most of its senses] (assumed tropical:) Weakness (L, K) in intellect and in body; as also ↓ فَسْخَةٌ. (L.) ― -b2- And (assumed tropical:) Ignorance: (K:) which is referrible to weakness of intellect. (TA.) -A2- And (assumed tropical:) Weak in intellect and in body; as also ↓ فَسْخَةٌ. (K.) ― -b2- See also فَسِيخٌ.

فَسِخٌ ذ (assumed tropical:) A corrupt, or disordered, judgment, or opinion. (L.)

فَسْخَةٌ ذ : see فَسْخٌ, in two places.

فَسِيخٌ ذ [applied to flesh-meat, Parting in pieces, and easily resolvable, by reason of much cooking. (Golius, from Meyd.) ― -b2- And] (assumed tropical:) A weak man, who becomes unnerved (↓ يَنْفَسِخُ) on an accasion of difficulty: (L:) a man who does not attain that which he wants, (S, L, K,) and is not fit for his affair, or business; as also ↓ فَسْخٌ [q. v.]. (K.)

ثَوْبٌ فَاسِخٌ ذ [(assumed tropical:) A faded garment: so in the language of the present day: perhaps post-classical]. (A in art. رمد.) -A2- [الفَاسِخُ is a name given by the Jews to their festival of The Passover: see De Sacy's Chrest. Ar., sec. ed., i. 291, and p. 97 of the Ar. text: and see also الفِصْحُ.]

1 فَسَدَ ذ , aor. فَسُدَ , (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K, &c.,) which is the aor. commonly known, (TA,) and فَسِدَ , (IDrd, M, O, L, K,) which is of weak authority; (IDrd, O, TA;) and فَسُدَ, aor. فَسُدَ ; (S, M, O, L, K;) inf. n. فَسَادٌ (S. M, A, O, L, K) and فُسُودٌ, (M, O, L, K,) the former being inf. n. of فَسَدَ, aor. فَسُدَ , (S, A, O,) and so the latter, and the former being also inf. n. of فَسُدَ, (O,) or the former is of فَسُدَ and the latter is of فَسَدَ, (TA,) or the former is a simple subst., and the latter is the inf. n.; (Msb;) It (a thing, S, A, O) [and he (a man)] was, or became, bad, evil, corrupt, unsound, wrong, wrongful, improper, unrighteous, wicked, vitious, depraved, or dishonest; devoid of virtue, or efficacy; in a corrupted, vitiated, perverted, marred, spoiled, injured, impaired, deteriorated, tainted, or infected, state; in a state of disorder or disturbance, destruction, annihilation, consumption, waste, or ruin; (MA, KL, PS, &c.;) and so ↓ استفسد: (KL:) contr. of صَلَحَ: (M, * L, K:) it became altered in its state [ for the worse ]: and it became null, void, of no force, or of no account; or it came to nought, or perished; accord. to the explanation by most of the expositors of the ex. in the Kur xxi. 22. (MF.)

2 فَسَّدَ see 4, first sentence.

3 فاسدهُ ذ He became at variance with him; he cut, severed, or broke, the tie of friendship [or kindred ] with him. (L in art. كشح.) And فُلَانٌ يُفَاسِدُ رَهْطَهُ [ Such a one cuts the ties of friendship, or kindred, with his people, tribe, or near kinsfolk ]. (A.)

4 افسد ذ , (S, M, O, L, Msb, K, &c.,) inf. n. اـفْسَادٌ and [quasi-inf.n.] فَسَادٌ; (L;) and ↓ فسّد, (O, L, Msb, K,) inf. n. تَفْسِيدٌ; (O, K;) He, or it, made, or rendered, bad, evil, corrupt, unsound, wrong, wrongful, improper, unrighteous, wicked, vitious, depraved, or dishonest; deprived of virtue, or efficacy; corrupted, vitiated, perverted, marred, spoiled, injured, impaired, deteriorated, tainted, or infected; [ constituted, disposed, arranged, or qualified, ill, wrongly, or improperly; ] disordered, or disturbed, [ disorganized, ] destroyed, annihilated, consumed, wasted, or ruined; (MA, KL, &c.;) contr. of أصْلَحَ. (M, L, K.) One says, افسد المَالَ [ He rendered the property in a bad state; marred, impaired, consumed, or wasted, it ]. (L.) [And افسد عَلَيْهِمْ He corrupted, perverted, or marred, their state, case, affair, scheme, plot, or the like; أَمْرَهُمْ, or the like, being understood. And افسدهُ عَلَىَّ He corrupted him and rendered him disaffected towards me. ] اـِفْسَادُ صَبِىٍّ, occurring in a trad., means The injuring a child by rendering its mother pregnant while she is suckling it and so vitiating her milk: which act is also termed الغِيلَهُ. (L.) [And افسد as contr. of أَصْلَحَ signifies also He acted in a bad, an evil, or a corrupt, manner; acted ill, corruptly, wrongly, wrongfully, improperly, unrighteously, wickedly, vitiously, or dishonestly; or did evil, or mischief; اـِلَيْهِ to him: and he created, or excited, disorder, disturbance, disagreement, discord, dissension, strife, or quarrel-ling; or made, or did, mischief; بَيْنَ القَوْمِ between, or among, the people, or party. (See also 10.)]

6 تفاسدوا ذ They became at variance, one with another; (M, L;) they cut, severed, or broke, the tie of kindred, (M, L, K,) and of friendship, (L,) one with another. (M, L, K.)

7 انفسد ذ [as quasi-pass. of أَفْسَدَهُ] is not allowable, (S, L,) or has not been heard. (K.)

10 استفسد ذ contr. of اِسْتَصْلَحَ. (S, O, L, K.) [Hence, He regarded, or esteemed, a thing, or man, as bad, evil, corrupt, unsound, wrong, wrongful, improper, unrighteous, wicked, vitious, depraved, or dishonest; &c.: see 1. ― -b2- And] He wished, or desired, [a thing, or man,] to be bad, evil, corrupt, &c. (KL.) ― -b3- [And He sought to render bad, evil, corrupt, &c. ― -b4- And hence, He treated in such a manner as to render disaffected, or rebellious. ] One says, الأَمِيرُ يَسْتَفْسِدُ رَعِيَّتَهُ [ The prince, or governor, treats his subjects in such a manner as to render them disaffected, or rebel-lious ]. (A.) And استفسدالسُّلْطَانُ قَائِدَهُ The Sultán provoked the leader of his forces to rebel-lion by his evil conduct to him. (L.) ― -b5- [And He sought to act in a bad, an evil, or a corrupt, manner; to act ill, corruptly, wrongly, wrongfully, improperly, unrighteously, or dishonestly. ] One says, استفسد فُلَانٌ اـِلَى فُلَانٍ [ Such a one sought to act in a bad, an evil, or a corrupt, manner, or to act ill, &c., to such a one ]. (M.) ― -b6- [And He sought discord, or dissension. ― -b7- And It (an event) happened in a bad, or an evil, manner. ] ― -b8- See also 1.

فَسَادٌ ذ an inf. n. of 1: (S, M, A, &c.:) or a simple subst.: (Msb:) [as a subst. signifying] Badness, evilness, corruptness, unsoundness, wrongness, wrongfulness, impropriety, unrighteousness, wickedness, vitiousness, depravity, or dishonesty; the state of being devoid of virtue or efficacy; a corrupted, vitiated, perverted, marred, spoiled, deteriorated, or tainted, state; a state of disorder or disturbance, or of destruction, annihilation, consumption, waste, or ruin: (MA, KL, PS, &c.:) contr. of صَلَاحٌ. (Lth, M, Msb.) And it is also [frequently used as a quasi-inf. n.] syn. with اـِفْسَادٌ [signifying The making, or rendering, bad, evil, corrupt, &c.: (see 4:) and, oftener, the acting ill, corruptly, wrong, wrongfully, improperly, unrighteously, wickedly, vitiously, or dishonestly; doing evil, or mischief; and creating, or exciting, disorder, disturbance, disagreement, discord, dissension, strife, or quarrelling ]: (L:) and [particularly] the taking property wrongfully. (O, K.) [Hence,] حَرْبُ الفَسَادِ [ The war of evildoing ]: thus was termed a war that happened between [the two sub-tribes] بَنُوشك [in which the latter word is app. a mistranscription for شِبْكٍ] and غَوْث, of the tribe of طَىِّء: it was so termed because one party patched their sandals with the cars of the other, and one party drank wine out of the skulls of the other. (MF.) ― -b2- Also Drought, barrenness, dearth, or scarcity of good: (M, L, K:) so in the Kur [xxx. 40], ظَهَرَ ا@لْفَسَادُ فِى البَرِّ وَ ا@لْبَحْرِ i. e. Drought, &c., hath appeared in the land, and in the cities that are upon the rivers; (M, L, TA;) accord. to Zj; (M;) or accord. to Ez-Zejjájee. (L, TA.)

فَسِيدٌ ذ : see the next paragraph.

فَاسِدٌ ذ , (S, M, A, O, L, Msb, K, &c.,) part. n. of فَسَدَ; (S, M, A, &c.;) and ↓ فَسِيدٌ, (S, M, O, L, K,) part. n. of فَسُدَ; (S, O;) Bad, evil, corrupt, unsound, wrong, wrongful, improper, unrighteous, wicked, vitious, depraved, or dishonest; devoid of virtue, or efficacy; in a corrupted, vitiated, perverted, marred, spoiled, injured, impaired, deteriorated, tainted, or infected, state; in a state of disorder or disturbance, destruction, annihilation, consumption, waste, or ruin: (MA, KL, PS, &c.: [contr. of صَالِحٌ and صَلِيحٌ, as is indicated in the S and M &c.:]) pl. (of the former, S, O, Msb, [dev. from general analogy, and of the latter agreeably therewith,]) فَسْدَى, (S, M, O, Msb, K,) applied to a people, (S, M, O,) like as they said سَاقِطٌ and سَقْطَى; (S, O;) the pl. being made of the same form as هَلْكَى because these two words are nearly the same in meaning. (Sb, M.)

أَفْسَدُ ذ is [a noun denoting the comparative and superlative degrees] from الفَسَادُ; as in the prov., أَفْسَدُ مِنْ بَيْضَةِ البَلَدِ i. e. [ More corrupt, or unsound, &c.,] than the egg that the ostrich leaves in the desert, not returning to it, in consequence of which it becomes corrupt, or unsound, &c.: and, anomalously, from الاـِفْسَادُ; as in the prov., أَفْسَدَ مِنَ الجَرَادِ [i. e. More corrupting, or marring, &c., than the locust ], because it strips the trees and the herbage; and as in other provs. (Meyd.)

مَفْسَدَةٌ ذ A cause, or means, or an occasion, of فَسَاد [i. e. badness, evilness, corruptness, unsoundness, &c.; or making, or rendering, bad, evil, corrupt, &c.]; (M, A;) contr. of مَصْلَحَةٌ: (S, O, Msb, K:) pl. مَفَاسِدُ. (A, Msb.) One says, هٰذَا الأَمْرِ مَفْسَدَةٌ لِكَذَا [ This affair, or event, is cause of evil, &c., to such a thing ]. (M.) And هُمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ المَفَاسِدِ لَا المَصَالِحِ [ They are of the people who do actions that are causes of evil, not actions that are causes of good ]. (A.)

1 فَسَرَ ذ , aor. فَسِرَ (S, M, O, Msb, K) and فَسُرَ , (M, K,) inf. n. فَسْرٌ; (S, M, O, Msb, K;) and ↓ فسّر, (S, M, K,) inf. n. تَفْسِيرٌ; (S, K;) which latter is the more common; (IKtt;) or the latter has an intensive signification; (Msb;) He discovered, detected, revealed, developed, or disclosed, a thing that was concealed or obscured; (IAar, O, K;) or a meaning perceived by the intellect: (B:) he rendered a thing apparent, plain, or clear; explained, expounded, or interpreted, it: (S, M, O, Msb, K:) accord. to Th (O, K, TA) and IAar, (TA,) ↓ تَفْسِيرٌ and تَأْوِيلٌ signify the same; (O, K, TA;) and so these and مَعْنًى: (O, TA:) or ↓ تفسير signifies the discovering, detecting, revealing, developing, or disclosing, what is meant by a dubious expression; and تأويل signifies the “ reducing one of two senses, or interpretations, which an expression bears, or admits, to that which suits the apparent meaning: ” (O, L, K, TA:) or the latter, the “ turning a verse of the Kur-án from its apparent meaning to a meaning which it bears, or admits, when the latter is agreeable with the Kur-án and the Sunneh: ” for instance, in the phrase in the Kur [vi. 95, &c.], يُخْرِجُ ا@لْحَىَّ مِنَ ا@لْمَيِّتِ, if the meaning be [thus explained], “ He produceth the bird from the egg, ” this is ↓ تفسير: and if the meaning be [thus explained], “ He produceth the believer from the unbeliever, ” or “ the knowing from the ignorant, ” this is تأويل: (KT:) or ↓ تفسير signifies the expounding, explaining, or interpreting, the narratives that occur collected without discrimination in the Kur-án, and making known the significations of the strange words or expressions, and explaining the occasions on which the verses were revealed; and تأويل, the “ explaining the meaning of that which is مُتَشَابِه, [or what is equivocal, or ambiguous,] i. e., what is not understood without repeated consideration. ” (TA.) ― -b2- Also فَسَرَ, inf. n. فَسْرٌ; and ↓ فسّر, inf. n. تَفْسِرَةٌ, (S, O, K,) like تَذْكِرَةٌ; (TA;) or تَفْسِرَةٌ has the last of the significations assigned to it below as a subst.; (O, K, TA;) or it is postclassical; (S, O, K;) He (a physician) examined, or inspected, urine, (S, O, K, [but the inf. ns. only are mentioned,]) that he might judge, by its colour, of the disease of the person from whom it came. (TA.)

2 فَسَّرَ see the preceding paragraph, in six places.

5 تَفَسَّرَ see the next following paragraph.

10 استفسرهُ كَذَا ذ He asked him to explain, expound, or interpret, such a thing to him: (S, Msb, TA:) and ↓ تَفَسُّرٌ is like اِسْتِفْسَارٌ. (TA.)

تَفْسِرَةٌ ذ Anything by which is known the explanation and meaning of a thing: (O, TA:) or anything which interprets, or explains, the state, or condition, of a thing. (B, TA.) ― -b2- Urine by means of which, (M, O, K,) or by means of the colour of which, (TA,) one seeks to obtain an indication of the disease (M, O, K, TA) of a patient: (O, TA:) or it is an inf. n., as mentioned above. (O, K.) [See 1, last sentence.]

أَوْرَدَ كَلَامَهُ غَيْرَ مُفَسَّرٍ ذ : see عَاهِنٌ.

فُسْطَاطٌ ذ and فِسْطَاطٌ (S, M, Msb, K) and فُسَّاطٌ and فِسَّاطٌ and فُسْتَاطٌ and فِسْتَاطٌ, (S, M, K,) the ت in the last two, as it is not found in the pl., being a substitute for the [former] ط in فسطاط, or rather for the [latter] س in فسّاط, because it is more regular to change the latter of two identical letters than to change the former, and because the two identical letters in فسّاط are together, whereas the two identical letters in فسطاط are separated, (M,) and فُسْتَاتٌ and فِسْتَاتٌ, (K,) altogether eight different forms, but MF observes that Esh-Shiháb El-Kastalánee gives twelve, [which, however, he does not transcribe, the remaining four being probably with fet-h to the ف,] (TA,) A tent of hair [ -cloth ]: (S, Msb:) or a great tent: (Mgh:) or a kind of structure (M, Z) used in travelling, less than the سُرَادِق: (Z:) or the kind of structure called سُرَادِق: (K:) pl. فَسَاطِيطُ; (M, Msb, TA;) for which they did not say فَسَاتِيطُ. (M, TA:) ― -b2- Hence فُسْطَاطٌ is applied to A city: (Z, TA:) any city: and particularly a city in which is the general place of assemblage of people: (TA:) a populous, or comprehensive, city; accord. to some: (Msb:) the place of assemblage of the people of a كُورَة [which means a city, and a district, or region ], (Lth, Az, K,) around their general mosque: (Az, TA:) or you say, فُسْطَاطُ المِصْرِ, meaning the place of assemblage of the people of the مصر [or city ], around their congregational mosque. (M.) فُسْطَاطُ [so in two copies of the S] is [a name of] The city of مِصْر [the metropolis of Egypt]: (S:) or الفُسْطَاطُ is also the proper name of مِصْرُالعَتِيقَةُ, (K, TA,) the city so called, (TA,) which was built by 'Amr Ibn-El- 'Ás; (K, TA;) the city of مصر in old times; as also الفِسْطَاطُ: (Msb:) and البَصْرَةُ. (TA.)

1 فَسَقَ ذ is said to signify primarily It (a thing) went forth, from another thing, in a bad, or corrupt, manner. (Msb.) One says, فَسَقَتِ الرُّطَبَةُ, (S, O, Msb,) or فَسَقَتِ الرُّطَبَةُ عَنْ قِشْرِهَا, (K,) The fresh ripe date came forth from its skin; (S, O, Msb, K;) as also ↓ انفسقت: (IDrd, O, K:) and in like manner فَسَقَ is said of anything as meaning it came forth from its integument: so says EsSarakustee. (Msb.) ― -b2- [Hence] فَسَقَ, aor. فَسُقَ and فَسِقَ , (S, O, Msb, K) the latter aor. mentioned by Akh, (S, O, Msb,) inf. n. فُسُوقٌ (S, Mgh, O, Msb, K) and فِسْقٌ, (S, O, K,) or this latter is a simple subst.; (Msb;) and likewise فَسُقَ, like كَرُمَ, (K, TA,) mentioned by Lh, but not known by Ks; (TA;) He went forth from, departed from, or quitted, (Mgh, Msb, K,) the right way, (Mgh, K,) or the way of truth, (K,) and the limits of the law, (Mgh,) [or the bounds of ] obedience; (Msb;) he forsook, relinquished, or neglected, the command of God; he disobeyed; (K;) or i. q. فَجَرَ [meaning as above; or he transgressed; or acted unrighteously, sinfully, wickedly, vitiously, or immorally ]. (S, O, K. [See also فِسْقٌ below.]) فَسَقَ عَنْ أَمْرِرَبِّهِ (in the Kur [xviii. 48], O, TA) means He departed (خَرَجَ) from the command of his Lord: (Th, S, O, K:) or from the obeying [ of the command ] of his Lord: (Fr, O, TA:) and Akh says that this phrase is like اِتَّخَمَ عن الطَّعامِ, (S, O,) meaning عَنْ مَأْكَلِهِ, (S,) or عَنْ أَكْلِهِ الطَّعَامَ; but Th says that there is no need of this [explanation]: or, accord. to AO, it means he declined, or deviated, from obeying the command of his Lord: (O:) for فَسَقَ signifies also he declined, or deviated: (K:) and hence the saying, فَسَقَتِ الرِّكَابُ عَنْ قَصْدِ السَّبِيلِ i. e. [ The ridden camels ] declined [ from the right direction of the way ]. (TA.) Sometimes فُسُوقٌ may mean The believing in a plurality of gods: and it may mean the committing sin. (A Heyth, O.) And it is said to mean The calling one another by names of reproach: (Zj, * Mgh, TA:) or the saying “ O Jew, ” and “ O Christian, ” after one has become a believer: thus in the Kur xlix. 11. (TA.) ― -b3- One says also, فَسَقَ فِى الدُّنْيَا, inf. n. فِسْقٌ, meaning He had a wide, or an ample, range in respect of worldly things, and made them light and easy to himself, being without restraint in his management of them, not making them strait to him. (Ktr, Sh, TA.) ― -b4- And فَسَقَ مَالَهُ He made away with his property; and disposed of it, or spent it. (TA.)

2 تَفْسِيقٌ ذ is the contr. of تَعْدِيلٌ: (O, K, TA:) one says فسّقهُ, (O, TA,) inf. n. تَفْسِيقٌ, (TA,) He (the judge) pronounced him to be characterized by فِسْق [q. v.]: (O, TA:) he attributed to him فِسْق. (TA.)

7 اـِنْفَسَقَ see 1, second sentence. ― -b2- [Hence,] انفسق مِنَ الخَيْرِ, said of the فَاسِق, He divested himself, or became divested, of good. IDrd, O.)

فِسْقٌ ذ is an inf. n., (S, O, K,) or a simple subst., (Msb,) from فَسَقَ [q. v]: (S, O, Msb, K:) unless as signifying [simply] A going forth, or a departure, it is said to be a word unknown before ElIslám, and to have become so much used in its legal acceptation as to be, when so used, conventionally regarded as proper (MF, TA:) [thus used,] it signifies a going forth, or departure, from the right way, (K, TA,) which is said to be the primary meaning, (TA,) or from the way of truth; (K, TA;) or from the truth, or that which is right, as in the phrase وَاـِنَّهُ لَفِسْقٌ, (O, K, [in the CK لَفَسِقٌ, a strange mistake,]) in the Kur [vi. 121]; (O;) or a relinquishment, or neglect, of the command of God; (Lth, O, K;) and an inclining to disobedience; (Lth, O;) or also disobedience [itself]; (K;) or i. q. فُجُورٌ [meaning as above; or transgression; or unrighteous, sinful, wicked, vitious, or immoral, conduct ]: (O, K:) it is said by El-Isbahánee to be a more general term than كُفْرٌ; applying to few sins, misdeeds, transgressions, or acts of disobedience, or to little thereof; and also, to many, or much thereof; but is commonly known as applying to the latter: and it is related on the authority of Málik that in the Kur vi. 146 it means such as is slaughtered: (TA:) [being used as a subst.,] it sometimes has a pl., which is فُسُوقٌ. (TA.)

فُسَقٌ ذ (Lth, O, K) and ↓ فِسِّيقٌ, (Lth, S, O, K,) applied to a man, Always characterized by فِسْق. (Lth, S, O, K.) ― -b2- يَافُسَقُ means يَا أَيُّهَا الفَاسِقُ [ O thou فَاسِق]; (S, O, K;) like يَا خُبَثُ, meaning يَا أَيُّهَا انخَبِيثُ; فُسَقُ being determinate, as is shown by their saying يَا فُسَقُ الخَبِيثُ, thus prefixing ال to خبيث: (S, O:) and to a woman they say ↓ يَا فَسَاقِ, like قَطَامِ, (S, O, K,) meaning يَا فَاسِقَةُ (K) [or rather يَا أَيُّهَا الفَاسِقَةُ].

فَسْقِيَّةٌ ذ , with fet-h, [often pronounced فِسْقِيَّة,] a post-classical word, [arabicized, from the Lat. “ piscina, ”] i. q. مُتَوَضَّأٌ [properly A place, here meaning a tank, or basin, in which the ablution termed وُضُوْء is performed: now commonly applied to a basin, or shallow pool, of water, in the court of a house, or in a room, generally having in the centre a fountain that throws up water: ] pl. فَسَاقِيُّ. (TA.)

فَسَاقِ ذ : see فُسَقٌ

فِسِّيقٌ ذ : see فُسَقٌ

فَاسِقٌ ذ Going forth, or departing, or one who goes forth, or departs, [ from the right way, or the way of truth, and the limits of the law, or] from [ the bounds of ] obedience; (Msb;) disobedient [ to God ]; (Mgh, TA;) [ transgressing, or a transgressor; unrighteous, sinful, wicked, vitious, or immoral; ] mostly applied to one who has taken upon himself to observe what the law ordains, and has acknowledged its authority, and then fallen short of observance in respect of all, or of some, of its ordinances: and when the person fundamentally, or utterly, an unbeliever is thus termed, it is because he falls short of observing the ordinance that the intellect renders obligatory on him and that the natural constitution with which he was created in his mother's womb requires to be conceded; hence the believer is contrasted with him in the Kur xxxii. 18; so فَاسِقٌ is a more general term than كَافِرٌ; and ظَالِمٌ is a more general term than فَاسِقٌ: (El-Isbahánee, TA:) accord. to IDrd, (O,) the فَاسِق is thus called because of his divesting himself, or becoming divested, of good: (O, K:) the word has not been heard in the speech of the people of the Time of Ignorance, (IAar, S, O, Msb, K,) nor in their poetry, (IAar, S, O, K,) though it is an Arabic word, (IAar, S, O, Msb, K,) and a chaste one, and the Kur-án has used it: (IAar, Msb:) the pl. is فَسَقَةٌ and فُسَّاقٌ: (Msb:) فَوَاسِقُ, [pl. of فَاسِقَةٌ,] applied to women, signifies فَوَاجِرُ [generally meaning adulteresses, or fornicatresses ]. (TA.) ― -b2- The five animals, or living things, (الحَيَوَانَاتُ الخَمْسُ, [specified voce حَيَوَانٌ,]) are metaphorically termed فَوَاسِقُ [as though meaning (tropical:) Transgressors ] (Mgh, Msb) because of their noxiousness, (Mgh,) or because of their much, or frequent, noxiousness and harmfulness, so that they may be killed in the case of freedom from اـِحْرَام and in the state of اـِحْرَام, and in prayer, which is not rendered ineffectual thereby: (Msb:) or because of their being out of the pale of inviolability: or, as some [unreasonably] say, because the eating of them is forbidden. (Mgh.)

فَاسِقِيَّةٌ ذ A certain mode of attiring oneself with the turban. (Z, O, K.) One says, تَعَمَّمَ فُلَانٌ الفَاسِقيَّةَ [ Such a one attired himself with the turban in the mode termed الفاسقيّة]. (TA.)

الفُوَيْسِقَةُ ذ The rat, or mouse; syn. الفَأْرَةُ: (S, O, K:) so called because it comes forth from its hole upon people: (O, K:) or, accord. to Z, because it does mischief in houses: and it is said in a trad. that it is to be killed: the word is the dim. of فَاسِقَةٌ. (TA.)

أَفْسَقُ ذ [ More, or most, characterized by فِسْق]. The Arabs say, لَعَنَ ا@للّٰهُ أَفْسَقِى وأَفْسَقَكَ, meaning, الأَفْسَقَ مِنَّا [i. e. May God curse the more characterized by فِسْق, of us, or of me and thee ]. (Fr, O.)

Q. 1 فَسْكَلَهُ ذ He postponed him; i. e., made him, or asserted him, to be behind, or posterior, or last, (Sh, O, K,) in rank, or estimation. (O.) ― -b2- And فَسْكَلَ He was, or became, behind, &c.: the verb being intrans. as well as trans. [unless فَسْكَلَ be a mistake for فُسْكِلَ, the pass. form, of which an ex. occurs in the O and TA]. (K.) ― -b3- Accord. to IAar, a foreign word (عَجَمِيَّة), arabicized. (O.)

فُسْكُلٌ ذ : see the next paragraph, in two places.

فِسْكِلٌ ذ The last, in coming in, of the horses in a race; (S, O, K;) as also ↓ فُسْكُلٌ and ↓ فُسْكُولٌ and ↓ فَسْكَوْلٌ: (K:) also called the سُكَّيْت [q. v.] and the قَاشُور. (S, O. [In a copy of the S, in art. سكت, الفِسْكِلُّ is put for الفِسْكِلُ.]) ― -b2- And hence, (S, O,) applied to a man, (assumed tropical:) Low, base, ignoble, vile, or mean: (S, O, K:) the vulgar say ↓ فُسْكُلٌ. (S, O.)

فُسْكُولٌ ذ and فِسْكَوْلٌ: see فِسْكِلٌ. ― -b2- Both also signify (assumed tropical:) Occupying the hinder, or latter, or last, place [ in rank, or estimation: see Q. 1, above]; (K, TA;) as epithets applied to a man. (TA.)

1 فَسُلَ ذ , (S, M, O, K,) with damm, (S, O,) like كَرُمَ; (K;) and فَسِلَ, (M, K,) like عَلِمَ; (K;) and فُسِلَ, (M, K,) of the form of that whereof the agent is not named, (M,) like عُنِىَ; (K;) inf. n. فَسَالَةٌ and فُسُولَةٌ (S, M, O, K) and فُسُولٌ; (M, TA;) He (a man, S, O) was, or became, low, base, ignoble, vile, or mean; (S, M, O, K;) such as had no manliness, or manly virtue, (M, K,) and no hardiness. (TA.) -A2- And فَسَلَ الصَّبِىَّ He weaned the boy; (AA, O, K;) as though a dial. var. of فَصَلَ. (TA.)

2 فَسَّلَ see the paragraph here following.