Lane's Lexicon (Edward Lane, 1863)

دُرَجَّةٌ درج درجه درجة : see دَرَجَةٌ.

رِيحٌ دَرُوجٌ ريح دروج A wind swift in its course: (S, K:) or not swift nor violent in its course: (TA:) and in like manner قِدْحٌ an arrow: (S, TA:) or ريح دروج signifies a wind of which the latter part leaves marks (يَدْرُجُ) so as to produce what resembles [ the track made by the trailing of ] the tail of a halter upon the sand: and the place is called ↓ دَرَجٌ. (L.)

دُرَّجٌ درج Great and difficult affairs or circumstances. (K.) You say, وَقَعَ فُلَانٌ فِى دُرَّجٍ Such a one fell into great and difficult affairs or circumstances. (TA.)

دُرَّجَةٌ درج درجه درجة : see دُرَجَةٌ.

دَرَّاجٌ دراج One who creeps along (يَدْرُجُ) with calumny, or slander, among people: (A:) one who calumniates, or slanders, much or frequently. (Lh, K.) ― -b2- الدَّرَّاجُ The hedge-hog; syn. القُنْفُذُ: (K:) because he creeps along all the night: an epithet in which the quality of a subst. predominates. (TA.) ― -b3- أَبُو دَرَّاجٍ A certain small bird. (TA.)

دُرَّاجٌ دراج A certain bird, (S, K,) [the attagen, francolin, heath-cock, or rail, ] resembling the حَيْقُطَان, and of the birds of El-'Irák, marked with black and white spots, or, accord. to the T, spotted: IDrd says, I think it is a post-classical word; and it is the same as the دُرَجَة and دُرَّجَة: in the S it is said that the names دُرَّاجٌ and ↓ دُرَّاجَةٌ are applied to the male and the female [respectively] until one says حَيْقُطَان, which is applied peculiarly to the male. (TA.) [See also De Sacy's “ Chrest. Ar. ” 2nd ed. ii. 39.]

دِرِّيجٌ دريج , like سِكِّينٌ, (K,) or دُرَّيْجٌ, (so in the L,) A thing, (K,) i. e. a stringed instrument, (TA,) resembling the طُنْبُور, with which one plays: (K, TA:) the like of this is said by ISd. (TA.)

دَرَّاجَةٌ دراج دراجه دراجة A حَال [or kind of go-cart ]; i. e. the thing upon which a child is made [ to lean so as ] to step along, or walk slowly, when he [ first ] walks: (Aboo-Nasr, S, K:) or the machine on wheels on which an old man and a child [ lean so as to ] step along, or walk slowly. (TA.) ― -b2- Also A دَبَّابَة [or musculus, or testudo ], which is made for the purpose of besieging, beneath which men enter. (K.) [The first and last of these significations are also assigned by Golius and Freytag to دُرَجَةٌ: but for this I find no authority; although, after the latter of them, Golius indicates the authority of the S and K; and Freytag, that of the K.]

دُرَّاجَةٌ دراج دراجه دراجة : see دُرَّاجٌ.

دَارِجٌ دارج [part. n. of 1, q. v.:] A boy that has begun to walk slowly, and has grown; (Mgh;) a boy in the stage next after the period when he has been weaned. (IAar, TA voce مُطَبِّخٌ, q. v.) ― -b2- Dust (تُرَاب) caused by the wind to cover the traces, or vestiges, of dwellings, and raised, and passed over violently, thereby. (K.) ― -b3- [Also, in the present day, The trilling, or quavering, or the quick, part of a piece of music or of a song or chant: see 4. ― -b4- And Current, or in general use. And hence الدَّارِجُ, or الكَلَامُ الدَّارِجُ, or اللِّسَانُ الدَّارِجُ, The modern speech; i. e. the modern Arabic. ]

دَارِجَةٌ دارج دارجه دارجة sing. of دَوَارِجُ, (T, TA,) which signifies The legs of a beast (T, K) and of a man: ISd knew not the sing. (TA.)

أُدْرُجَّةٌ ذ : see دَرَجَةٌ.

مَدْرَجٌ مدرج ; pl. مَدَارِجُ: see دَرَجٌ, in four places.

مُدْرَجٌ مدرج : see دَرْجٌ. ― -b2- [Also (assumed tropical:) A verse foisted, or inserted spuriously, into a poem.]

مُدْرِجٌ مدرج A she-camel that has gone beyond the year [ from the day when she was covered ] without bringing forth. (TA.) ― -b2- And A she-camel that makes her fore girth to slip back and to become close to her hind girth; contr. of مِسْنَافٌ; as also ↓ مِدْرَاجٌ; of which the pl. is مَدَارِيجُ. (TA.)

مَدْرَجَةٌ مدرج مدرجه مدرجة , and its pl. مَدَارِجُ, which is also pl. of مَدْرَجٌ: see دَرَجٌ, in seven places. -A2- أَرْضٌ مَدْرَجَةٌ A land in which are birds of the kind called دُرَّاجٌ. (S.)

مُدْرَجَةٌ مدرج مدرجه مدرجة : see دَرْجٌ.

مِدْرَاجٌ مدراج A she-camel that is accustomed to go beyond the year [ from the day when she was covered ] without bringing forth: (S:) or that exceeds the year by some days, three or four or ten; not more. (TA.) ― -b2- See also مُدْرِجٌ.

1 دَرِدَ درد , (M, Mgh, L,) aor. دَرَدَ , (S,) inf. n. دَرَدٌ, (S, * M, Mgh, L, K, *) He was, or became, toothless; (S, L;) he lost his teeth. (M, Mgh, L, K.) It is said in a trad., أُمِرْتُ بِالسِّوَاكِ حَتَّى خِفْتُ لَأَدْرَدَنَّ (S, Mgh *) I was commanded to make use of the tooth-stick until I feared, meaning I thought, or opined, that I should assuredly become toothless: for the Arabs use ظَنَّ in the same manner as a verb signifying an oath, and give it the same kind of complement, saying, ظَنَنْتُ لَعَبْدُ ا@للّٰهُ خَيْرٌ مِنْكَ: (S:) or, accord. to one relation, the words of this trad. are لَزِمْتُ السِّوَاكَ حَتَّى خَشِيتُ أَنْ يَدْرَدَنِى [a mistranscription for ↓ يُدْرِدَنِى, from أَدْرَدَ, i. e. I kept to the use of the toothstick until I feared that it would deprive me of my teeth, or render me toothless ]: (L:) or, accord. to another relation, ↓ خَشِيتُ أَنْ أُدْرِدَ أَسْنَانِى [ I feared that I should make my teeth to fall out ]; but this [verb, Mtr says,] I have not heard. (Mgh.)

4 أَدْرَدَ see above, in two places.

دَرَدٌ درد inf. n. of دَرِدَ. (S, * M, &c.) ― -b2- And I. q. حَرَدٌ [but in what sense is not said: see what next follows]. (M, TA.)

دَرِدٌ درد , as an epithet applied to a man, I. q. حَرِدٌ [but in what sense is not said]. (M, TA.)

دِرْدِمٌ دردم : see أَدْرَدُ, in two places.

دُرْدِىٌّ دردى دردي The dregs, feces, lees, or sediment, or what remains at the bottom, of olive-oil, (S, K,) and of other things, (S,) or of [the beverage called] نَبِيذ, (A,) and of any fluid, such as beverages, or wines, and oils. (L.) ― -b2- Also A ferment that is put into, and left in, expressed juice and [ the beverage called ] نَبِيذ, in order that it may ferment. (L.) [See خَمِيرٌ.]

دُرَيْدٌ دريد an abbreviated dim. of أَدْرَدُ. (S, K.)

أَدْرَدُ ذ A toothless man; (S, M, A, Mgh;) as also ↓ دِرْدِمٌ, with an augmentative م: (M:) fem. of the former دَرْدَاآءٌ: (S, M:) and pl. دُرْدٌ. (A.) ― -b2- نَاقَةٌ دَرْدَاآءُ, (S, M, K,) and ↓ دِرْدِمٌ, with an augmentative م, (S, K,) as in the instance of دِلْقِمٌ syn. with دَلْقَاآءُ, and of دِقْعِمٌ syn. with دَقْعَاآءٌ, (S,) A she-camel advanced in years: (S, K:) or having her teeth [ worn, or consumed, ] down to the sockets, (M, K,) by reason of old age. (M, TA.) -A2- الدَّرْدَاآءُ the name of A certain corps, or troop of horse, (كَتِيبَة, [in some copies of the S and K كَثِيبَة,]) that belonged to the Arabs. (A 'Obeyd, S, K, TA.)

دَرْزٌ درز [ A seam, or a raised seam, of a garment or piece of cloth;] the elevation that is occasioned in a garment or piece of cloth when its two edges are put together in the sewing; (Mgh;) one of the دُرُوز of a garment or piece of cloth, (S, TA,) and the like; (TA;) which are well known: (K:) a Persian word, [originally دَرْزْ,] (S, TA,) arabicized: (S, K:) or, accord. to some, the nap, or villous substance, (زِئْبِر,) and lustre, (مَاآء,) of a garment, or piece of cloth. (TA.) ― -b2- [Hence,] بَنَاتُ الدُّرُوزِ (tropical:) Lice: and nits; syn. صِئْبَانٌ. (S, K, TA.)

1 دَرَسَ درس , aor. دَرُسَ , inf. n. دُرُوسٌ, It (a trace, or mark, or what is termed رَسْمٌ, S, A, K, and a house, A, or a thing, M) became effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated; (S, M, A, K;) as also ↓ اندرس, (K, TA,) said of what is termed رسم: (TA:) or it (the trace, or mark, of a house; or what remained, cleaving to the ground, marking the place of a house;) became covered with sand and dust blown over it by the wind: (TA in art. دثر:) or it (an abode, or a place of sojourning,) became effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated, and its traces, or remains, became concealed, or unseen: (Msb:) and دَرُسَ signifies the same as دَرَسَ in the first of the senses explained above, but in an intensive manner. (M.) ― -b2- [Hence الاآيَاتُ ↓ دَارَسَتِ as explained near the end of this paragraph.] ― -b3- Hence, also, (AHeyth,) دَرَسَ الثَّوْبِ, (AHeyth, S, A, K,) inf. n. دَرْسٌ, (S, TA,) (tropical:) The garment, or piece of cloth, became old and worn out. (AHeyth, S, A, K.) ― -b4- And دَرَسَ الكِتَابُ (assumed tropical:) The writing, or book, became old. (Msb.) ― -b5- [Hence, also,] دَرَسَتْ, (S, M, A, K,) aor. دَرُسَ , (M,) inf. n. دُرُوسٌ (S, M, K) and دَرْسٌ, (M, K,) (tropical:) She (a woman, S, M, A, K, or, accord. to Lh, a girl, M) menstruated. (S, M, A, K.) -A2- دَرَسَتْهُ الرِّيحُ, (S, M, K,) or الرِّيَاحُ, (A,) [aor. دَرُسَ ,] inf. n. دَرْسٌ, (A, TA,) The wind, (S, M, K,) or winds, (A,) effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated, it, (S, M, A, K,) by repeatedly passing over it; (A;) namely, a trace, or mark, [of a house &c.,] or what is termed رَسْمٌ; (S, K;) and [ erased, or rased, ] a house; (A;) or a thing: (M:) and دَرَسَهُ القَوْمُ The people effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated, it. (M.) ― -b2- Hence, (AHeyth,) دَرَسَ الثَّوْبَ, (AHeyth, K,) aor. دَرُسَ , inf. n. دَرْسٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He rendered the garment, or piece of cloth, old and worn-out. (AHeyth, K.) ― -b3- دَرَسَ الطَّعَامَ, (M,) or الحِنْطَةَ, (S, A, Msb, K,) وَنَحْوَهَا, (Msb,) aor. دَرُسَ , (TA,) inf. n. دَرْسٌ (M, K) and دِرَاسٌ, (S, A, Msb, K,) (tropical:) He trod, or thrashed, the wheat, (S, M, A, Msb, K,) and the like: (Msb:) [because he who does so passes repeatedly over it:] of the dial. of El-Yemen: (M, TA:) or دِرَاسٌ in the sense here indicated is of the dial. of Syria. (TA.) ― -b4- دَرَسَ المَرْأَةَ, (A,) or الجَارِيَةَ, (K,) (tropical:) He compressed the woman, (A,) or the girl. (K.) ― -b5- دَرَسَ النَّاقَةَ, (M, A,) aor. دَرُسَ , inf. n. دَرْسٌ, (M,) (tropical:) He broke, or trained, the she-camel: (M, A:) [and so, app., ↓ دَارَسَهَا; for it is said that] the primary signification of مُدَارَسَةٌ is the breaking, or training, or disciplining, [a beast;] and returning time after time (تَعَهُّدٌ) to a thing. (TA.) You say also, بَعِيرٌ لَمْ يُدْرَسُ, meaning (tropical:) A camel that has not been ridden. (S, TA.) ― -b6- Hence, (M,) [or from دَرَسَتْهُ الرِّيحُ, or from دَرَسَ الثَّوْبَ,] دَرَسَ الكِتَابَ, (S, M, A, K,) aor. دَرِسَ (M, K) and دَرِسَ , (K,) inf. n. دَرْسٌ and دِرَاسَةٌ (S, M, K) and دَرَاسَةٌ and دِرَاسٌ, (TA,) (tropical:) He read the book; (M, K;) as though he opposed it until it became easy for him to remember it: (M:) or he read it repeatedly, [or studied it, ] in order to remember it: (A:) or he made it easy to remember, by much reading: (TA:) or he read and learned it: (Bd in vi. 105:) and ↓ دَارَسَهُ, inf. n. مُدَارَسَةٌ and دِرَاسٌ, signifies the same: (M:) and so ↓ دَرَسَّهُ, and ↓ أَدْرَسَهُ: (K:) or the former of the last two has an intensive signification: the latter of them is mentioned by IJ: (TA:) [but accord. to the M, it is said by IJ that both of these are doubly trans., and have a different signification, which is also indicated in the A as that of the former of them: see 2:] الكُتُبَ ↓ دَارَسَتْ, and ↓ تَدَارَسْتُهَا, and ↓ اِدَّارَسْتُهَا, signify the same as دَرَسْتُهَا [ I read the books, or read them repeatedly, &c.]: (S, TA:) and القُرْاآنَ ↓ تَدَارَسَ signifies He read the Kur-án, and returned to it time after time, in order that he might not forget it. (TA.) You say also, دَرَسْتُ العِلْمَ, aor. دَرُسَ , inf. n. دَرْسٌ and دِرَاسَةٌ, (tropical:) I read science. (Msb.) It is said in the Kur [vi. 105], accord. to different reading, وَلِيَقُولُوا دَرَسْتَ, and ↓ دَارَسْتَ, (tropical:) [ And to the end that they may say, Thou hast read, &c.:] but some say that the former means Thou hast read the books of the people of the Scriptures: and the latter, Thou hast consulted, or conferred, with them; expl. by ذَاكَرْتُهُمْ: (M:) or the former means Thou hast learned: (Abu-l-'Abbás:) and the latter, Thou hast read, or studied, under the Jews as thy teachers, and they have read, or studied, under thee as their teacher: (I'Ab, Mujáhid, K:) and another reading is ↓ دَارَسَ; i. e. دَارَسَ النَّبِىُّ اليَهُودَ [ he prophet hath read, or studied, with the Jews ] : and another, ↓ دَارَسَتْ, which may be rendered in two ways: The Jews have read, or studied, or consulted, or conferred, with (دَارَسَتْ) Mohammad: and The signs (اآيَات) have vied in length of time [or antiquity ] with those of other scriptures so that every one of them has for the most part become obliterated: (TA:) and another reading is دَرَسَتْ; and another, دَرُسَتْ; both meaning, They (these stories, or histories,) have become obliterated: (M:) or they are things which have long since passed: (Abu-l-' Abbás:) but the latter of these two verbs has a more intensive signification: and it is also said to signify They have been dissipated. (M.) [You also say, دَرَسَ عَلَيْهِ (tropical:) He read, or studied, under him as his teacher; like قَرَأَ عَلَيْهِ.]

2 دَرَّسَ غَيْرَهُ درس غيره درس غيرة (tropical:) [ He made another to read, or to read repeatedly, or to study, in order to remember; or to read and learn: he taught him to read, &c.: he lectured him ]. (A.) And دَرَّسْتُهُ الكِتَابَ and اـِيَّاهُ ↓ أَدْرَسْتُهُ (tropical:) [ I made him, or taught him, to read the book, or to read it repeatedly, or to study it, or to read and learn it ]. (IJ, M.) ― -b2- See also دَرَسَ الكِتَابَ.

3 دَارَسَتِ الاآيَاتُ دارست الاآيات : see 1. -A2- دارس النَّاقَةَ: see 1. ― -b2- دارس غَيْرَهُ (tropical:) [ He read, or studied, with another, each of them teaching the other ]. (A.) And دَارَسْتُهُ الكِتَابَ, inf. n. مُدَارَسَةٌ, (tropical:) [ I read, or read repeatedly, or studied, or read and learned, with him the book, each of us teaching the other ]. (A.) And دَارَسَهُمْ (assumed tropical:) He called to mind with them a subject of discourse, &c.; or he conferred with them; syn. ذَاكَرَهُمْ. (M.) See also 1, latter half, in five places.

4 أَدْرَسَ see 2: ― -b2- and see دَرَسَ الكِتَابَ.

5 تَدَرَّسْتُ أَدْرَاسًا وَتَشَمَّلْتُ شِمَالًا ذ (tropical:) [app., I clad myself in old and worn-out garments, and wrapped myself in shemlehs ]. (A, TA.)

6 تَدَارَسُوا الكِتَابَ حَتَّى حَفِظُوهُ تدارسوا الكتاب حتي حفظوه تدارسوا الكتاب حتي حفظوة (tropical:) [ They read the book, or read it repeatedly, or studied it, or read and learned it, together, teaching one another, until they retained it in memory ]. (A.) ― -b2- تَدَارَسْتُ الكُتُبَ, and اِدَّارَسْتُهَا, and تَدَارَسَ القُرْاآنَ: see دَرَسَ الكِتَابَ.

7 اـِنْدَرَسَ see 1, first signification.

دَرْسٌ درس A road, or way, that is unapparent; (S, K;) as though the traces thereof had become effaced. (TA.) ― -b2- See also دِرْسٌ. -A2- [ A lecture: pl دُرُوسٌ.]

دِرْسٌ درس The relic, trace, or mark, of a thing that becomes effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated. (M.) ― -b2- (tropical:) An old and worn-out garment, or piece of cloth; (S, M, A, K;) [app. an epithet used as a subst.;] as also ↓ دَرْسٌ (M) and ↓ دَرِيسٌ; (S, M, A, K;) ↓ which last also signifies an old and worn-out carpet; (A;) ↓ and as an epithet, signifying old and worn-out, is applied to a coat of mail, (M, TA,) and to a sword, and to a مِغْفَر [&c.]: (TA:) pl. [of the first] أَدْرَاسٌ, (M, K,) [a pl. of pauc.,] and [of the same or of either of the others] دِرْسَانٌ. (S, M, K.) ― -b3- [Hence, or, as IF says, from الحَيْض,] أَبُو أَدْرَاسٍ [in some copies of the K أُمُّ أَدْرَاسٍ] (tropical:) The pudendum muliebre. (S, O, K.)

دُرْسَةٌ درس درسه درسة (assumed tropical:) Training, or discipline. (K.)

دَرِيسٌ دريس : see دِرْسٌ, in three places. ― -b2- [Also Dry بِرْسِيم, or Alexandrian trefoil. ]

رَبْعٌ دَارِسٌ ربع دارس [ A house of which the remains are becoming effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated: or i. q. رَبْعٌ مَدْرُوسٌ]. (A.) ― -b2- اِمْرَأَةٌ دَارِسٌ, (M, K,) or, accord. to Lh, جَارِيَةٌ دَارِسٌ, (M,) (tropical:) A woman, (M, K,) or girl, (Lh, K,) menstruating: (Lh, M, K:) pl. دُرَّسٌ and دَوَارِسُ. (M.)

أَبُو اـِدْرِيسَ ذ (tropical:) The penis. (A, K.)

تَدْرِيسٌ تدريس [inf. n. of 2, q. v.] -A2- [Also (assumed tropical:) A conventional term or signification used by the مُدَرِّسُون, or lecturers, tutors, or professors, of colleges ]. (Mgh, in arts. حنف and دين, &c.)

مِدْرَسٌ مدرس (assumed tropical:) A book, or writing: (K, TA: but omitted in some copies of the former:) [also, accord. to Golius, a commentary by which any one is taught; Heber. מִדְרשׁ .] ― -b2- See also the next paragraph.

مَدْرَسَةٌ مدرس مدرسه مدرسة (tropical:) A place of reading, or study; (Msb;) in which persons read, or study; (TA;) [ a college, a collegiate mosque; an academy; ] as also ↓ مِدْرَسٌ (TA) and ↓ مِدْرَاسٌ; (M, K;) the measure of which last, [as well as that of the next preceding word,] as that of a n. of place, is strange: (ISd, TA:) whence the ↓ مِدْرَاس of the Jews; (K;) their house in which is repeatedly read the Book of the Law revealed to Moses: (A:) or their house in which the Book of God is read, or read repeatedly: (TA:) or their synagogue: (Msb:) the pl. of مدرسة is مَدَارِسُ; (TA;) and that of مدارس is مَدَارِيسُ. (Msb.) ― -b2- مَدْرَسَةُ النَّعَمِ (tropical:) The road or track (طَرِيق) [ of camels, or of camels and sheep or goats ]. (A, TA.)

مُدَرَّسٌ مدرس (tropical:) A bed made plain, even, smooth, or easy to lie upon. (TA.) ― -b2- (tropical:) A man tried and proved, or tried and strengthened, by use, practice, or experience; expert, or experienced. (A, TS, K.)

مُدَرِّسٌ مدرس (tropical:) A man who reads much and repeatedly. (K, TA.) ― -b2- Hence, the مُدَرِّس of مَدْرَسَة (tropical:) [i. e. The lecturer, tutor, or professor, of a college, a collegiate mosque, or an academy: from which it is not to be understood that there is but one such person to every college; for generally one college has several مُدَرِّسُون]. (TA.)

مِدْرَاسٌ مدراس : see مَدْرَسَةٌ, in two places. ― -b2- Also (tropical:) One who reads, or reads repeatedly, or studies, the books of the Jews: the measure of the word implies intensiveness. (TA.)

رَبْعٌ مَدْرُوسٌ ربع مدروس [ A house of which the remains are effaced, erased, rased, or obliterated: see also دَارِسٌ]. (A.) ― -b2- طَرِيقٌ مَدْرُوسٌ (tropical:) A road much beaten by passengers, so as to be made easy by them. (A, TA.)

مُدَارِسٌ مدارس مدرسة (tropical:) One who reads, or studies, with another; syn. مُقَارِئٌ: (K:) or one who has read books. (K.)

1 دَرِعَ درع , aor. دَرَعَ , inf. n. دَرَعٌ, He (a horse, and a sheep or goat,) was black in the head, and white [ in the other parts ]: or, as some say, was black in the head and neck. (Msb: [in my copy of which is an evident omission, which I have supplied: see أَدْرَعُ.]) [See also دَرَعٌ, below.]

2 درّع درع , inf. n. تَدْرِيعٌ, (S, K,) He clad a man with a دِرْع, (K,) i. e. a درع of iron [or coat of mail ]: (TA:) and a woman with a قَمِيص [or shift ]. (S, K.)