Tafsir as-Saadi (تيسير الكريم الرحمن في تفسير كلام المنان) — Page 859

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Tafsir as-Saadi (تيسير الكريم الرحمن في تفسير كلام المنان), page 859 — original page scan

Arabic text · النص

عُقُوبَةُ الدُّنْيَا، وَعُقُوبَةُ الْآخِرَةِ. {وَأَمَّا مَنْ آمَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا فَلَهُ جَزَاءً الْحُسْنَى} أَيْ: فَلَهُ الْجَنَّةُ وَالْحَالَةُ الْحَسَنَةُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ جَزَاءً يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، {وَسَنَقُولُ لَهُ مِنْ أَمْرِنَا يُسْرًا} أَيْ: وَسَنُحْسِنُ إِلَيْهِ، وَنَلْطُفُ لَهُ بِالْقَوْلِ وَنُيَسِّرُ لَهُ الْمُعَامَلَةَ، وَهَذَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى كَوْنِهِ مِنَ الْمُلُوكِ الصَّالِحِينَ الْأَوْلِيَاءِ الْعَادِلِينَ الْعَالِمِينَ، حَيْثُ وَافَقَ مَرْضَاةَ اللَّهِ فِي مُعَامَلَةِ كُلِّ أَحَدٍ، بِمَا يَلِيقُ بِحَالِهِ. {ثُمَّ أَتْبَعَ سَبَبًا * حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَ مَطْلِعَ الشَّمْسِ وَجَدَهَا تَطْلُعُ عَلَى قَوْمٍ لَمْ نَجْعَلْ لَهُمْ مِنْ دُونِهَا سِتْرًا * كَذَلِكَ وَقَدْ أَحَطْنَا بِمَا لَدَيْهِ خُبْرًا * ثُمَّ أَتْبَعَ سَبَبًا * حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَ بَيْنَ السَّدَّيْنِ وَجَدَ مِنْ دُونِهِمَا قَوْمًا لَا يَكَادُونَ يَفْقَهُونَ قَوْلًا * قَالُوا يَا ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ إِنَّ يَأْجُوجَ وَمَأْجُوجَ مُفْسِدُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَهَلْ نَجْعَلُ لَكَ خَرْجًا عَلَى أَنْ تَجْعَلَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمْ سَدًّا * قَالَ مَا مَكَّنِّي فِيهِ رَبِّي خَيْرٌ فَأَعِينُونِي بِقُوَّةٍ أَجْعَلْ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُمْ رَدْمًا * آتُونِي زُبَرَ الْحَدِيدِ حَتَّى إِذَا سَاوَى بَيْنَ الصَّدَفَيْنِ قَالَ انْفُخُوا حَتَّى إِذَا جَعَلَهُ نَارًا قَالَ آتُونِي أُفْرِغْ عَلَيْهِ قِطْرًا * فَمَا اسْطَاعُوا أَنْ يَظْهَرُوهُ وَمَا اسْتَطَاعُوا لَهُ نَقْبًا * قَالَ هَذَا رَحْمَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّي فَإِذَا جَاءَ وَعْدُ رَبِّي جَعَلَهُ دَكَّاءَ وَكَانَ وَعْدُ رَبِّي حَقًّا} أَيْ لَمَّا وَصَلَ إِلَى مَغْرِبِ الشَّمْسِ كَرَّ رَاجِعًا قَاصِدًا مَطْلَعَهَا مُتَّبِعًا لِلْأَسْبَابِ الَّتِي أَعْطَاهُ اللَّهُ، فَوَصَلَ إِلَى مَطْلَعِ الشَّمْسِ فَـ {وَجَدَهَا تَطْلُعُ عَلَى قَوْمٍ لَمْ نَجْعَلْ لَهُمْ مِنْ دُونِهَا سِتْرًا} أَيْ: وَجَدَهَا تَطْلُعُ عَلَى أُنَاسٍ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ سِتْرٌ مِنَ الشَّمْسِ، إِمَّا لِعَدَمِ اسْتِعْدَادِهِمْ فِي الْمَسَاكِنِ، وَذَلِكَ لِزِيَادَةِ هَمَجِيَّتِهِمْ وَتَوَحُّشِهِمْ، وَعَدَمِ تَمَدُّنِهِمْ، وَإِمَّا لِكَوْنِ الشَّمْسِ دَائِمَةً عِنْدَهُمْ، لَا تَغْرُبُ عَنْهُمْ غُرُوبًا يُذْكَرُ، كَمَا يُوجَدُ ذَلِكَ فِي شَرْقِيِّ أَفْرِيقِيَا الْجَنُوبِيِّ، فَوَصَلَ إِلَى مَوْضِعٍ انْقَطَعَ عَنْهُ عِلْمُ أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ، فَضْلًا عَنْ وُصُولِهِمْ إِلَيْهِ إِيَّاهُ بِأَبْدَانِهِمْ، وَمَعَ هَذَا، فَكُلُّ هَذَا بِتَقْدِيرِ اللَّهِ لَهُ وَعِلْمِهِ بِهِ وَلِهَذَا قَالَ {كَذَلِكَ وَقَدْ أَحَطْنَا بِمَا لَدَيْهِ خُبْرًا} أَيْ: أَحَطْنَا بِمَا عِنْدَهُ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ وَالْأَسْبَابِ الْعَظِيمَةِ وَعَلِمْنَا مَعَهُ حَيْثُمَا تَوَجَّهَ وَسَارَ. {ثُمَّ أَتْبَعَ سَبَبًا حَتَّى إِذَا بَلَغَ بَيْنَ السَّدَّيْنِ} قَالَ الْمُفَسِّرُونَ ذَهَبَ مُتَوَجِّهًا مِنَ الْمَشْرِقِ، قَاصِدًا لِلشَّمَالِ، فَوَصَلَ إِلَى مَا بَيْنَ السَّدَّيْنِ وَهُمَا سَدَّانِ كَانَا سَلَاسِلَ جِبَالٍ مَعْرُوفَيْنِ فِي ذَلِكَ الزَّمَانِ، سَدَّا يَأْجُوجَ وَمَأْجُوجَ وَبَيْنَ النَّاسِ، وَجَدَ مِنْ دُونِ السَّدَّيْنِ قَوْمًا، لَا يَكَادُونَ يَفْقَهُونَ قَوْلًا لِعُجْمَةِ أَلْسِنَتِهِمْ، وَاسْتِعْجَامِ أَذْهَانِهِمْ وَقُلُوبِهِمْ، وَقَدْ أَعْطَى اللَّهُ ذَا الْقَرْنَيْنِ مِنَ الْأَسْبَابِ الْعِلْمِيَّةِ مَا فَقِهَ بِهِ أَلْسِنَةَ أُولَئِكَ الْقَوْمِ وَفَقَّهَهُمْ، وَرَاجَعَهُمْ، وَرَاجَعُوهُ، فَاشْتَكَوْا إِلَيْهِ ضَرَرَ يَأْجُوجَ وَمَأْجُوجَ، وَهُمَا أُمَّتَانِ عَظِيمَتَانِ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ فَقَالُوا: {إِنَّ يَأْجُوجَ وَمَأْجُوجَ مُفْسِدُونَ فِي الْأَرْضِ}

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

عُقُوبَةُ الدُّنْيَا، وَعُقُوبَةُ الْآخِرَةِ.
(from previous page) ⟵ And these reasons which Allah gave him, Allah and His Messenger did not inform us of them, nor were they transmitted by reports in a way that would provide knowledge. Therefore, we can only remain silent about them and not pay attention to what the narrators of Isra'iliyyat and the like mention. However, we know in general that they were many strong internal and external reasons by which he acquired a great army with numbers, equipment, and discipline, and by which he was able to conquer enemies and facilitate access to the easts, wests, and regions of the earth. So Allah gave him what enabled him to reach the setting place of the sun, until he saw the sun with his own eyes as if it were setting in a muddy spring, meaning black. This is customary for anyone who has water between himself and the western horizon of the sun; he sees it setting in the water itself, even if it is at a very high altitude. And he found near it, meaning at its setting place, a people. We said, "O Dhul-Qarnayn, either you punish them or you treat them kindly." That is, either you punish them by killing, beating, or enslaving, and so on, or you treat them kindly. So he was given a choice between the two matters, because it is apparent that they were disbelievers or transgressors, or had some of that in them, for if they had been believers and not transgressors, it would not have been permissible to punish them. So Dhul-Qarnayn possessed such lawful governance that he deserved praise and commendation for Allah's enabling him to do so. So he said, "I will divide them into two groups: as for whoever wronged by disbelief, we will surely punish him, then he will be returned to his Lord, who will punish him with a terrible punishment." That is, he will receive two punishments: the punishment of this world and the punishment of the Hereafter.
{وَأَمَّا مَنْ آمَنَ وَعَمِلَ صَالِحًا فَلَهُ جَزَاءً الْحُسْنَى}
{But as for whoever believes and does righteousness, he will have the best reward}
أَيْ: فَلَهُ الْجَنَّةُ وَالْحَالَةُ الْحَسَنَةُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ جَزَاءً يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ،
Meaning: He will have Paradise and a good state with Allah as a reward on the Day of Resurrection.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (36 verbs · 80 nouns)