Tafsir as-Saadi (تيسير الكريم الرحمن في تفسير كلام المنان) — Page 1321

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

عَلَيْهِمْ وَتَوْبِيخِهِمْ، فَقَالَ: {إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا} أَطْلَقَهُ لِيَشْمَلَ أَنْوَاعَ الْكُفْرِ كُلَّهَا مِنَ الْكُفْرِ بِاللَّهِ، أَوْ بِكُتُبِهِ، أَوْ بِرُسُلِهِ، أَوْ بِالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ، حِينَ يَدْخُلُونَ النَّارَ، وَيُقِرُّونَ أَنَّهُمْ مُسْتَحِقُّونَهَا، لِمَا فَعَلُوهُ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ وَالْأَوْزَارِ، فَيَمْقُتُونَ أَنْفُسَهُمْ لِذَلِكَ أَشَدَّ الْمَقْتِ، وَيَغْضَبُونَ عَلَيْهَا غَايَةَ الْغَضَبِ، فَيُنَادُونَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ، وَيُقَالُ لَهُمْ: {لَمَقْتُ اللَّهِ} أَيْ: إِيَّاكُمْ إِذْ تُدْعَوْنَ إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ فَتَكْفُرُونَ} أَيْ: حِينَ دَعَتْكُمُ الرُّسُلُ وَأَتْبَاعُهُمْ إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ، وَأَقَامُوا لَكُمْ مِنَ الْبَيِّنَاتِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ بِهِ الْحَقُّ فَكَفَرْتُمْ وَزَهَدْتُمْ فِي الْإِيمَانِ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُمُ اللَّهُ لَهُ وَخَرَجْتُمْ مِنْ رَحْمَتِهِ الْوَاسِعَةِ، فَمَقَتَكُمْ وَأَبْغَضَكُمْ، فَهَذَا أَكْبَرُ مِنْ مَقْتِكُمْ أَنْفُسَكُمْ} أَيْ: فَلَمْ يَزَلْ هَذَا الْمَقْتُ مُسْتَمِرًّا عَلَيْكُمْ، وَالسُّخْطُ مِنَ الْكَرِيمِ حَالًّا بِكُمْ، حَتَّى آلَتْ بِكُمُ الْحَالُ إِلَى مَا آلَتْ، فَالْيَوْمَ حَلَّ عَلَيْكُمْ غَضَبُ اللَّهِ وَعِقَابُهُ حِينَ نَالَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ رِضْوَانَ اللَّهِ وَثَوَابَهُ.

Regarding their rebuke, He says: {Indeed, those who disbelieved}—a term He uses to encompass all forms of disbelief, whether in Allah, His scriptures, His messengers, or the Last Day. When they enter the Fire and acknowledge they deserve it for the sins and burdens they committed, they despise themselves with the utmost hatred and are consumed by the deepest anger. They are then called out and told: {The hatred of Allah}—meaning, the hatred directed at you for having disbelieved when called to faith. That is, when the messengers and their followers summoned you to faith and presented clear proofs that made the truth evident, you disbelieved, turned away from the faith for which Allah created you, and stepped outside His vast mercy. Consequently, He hated and detested you, and this is far greater than the hatred you feel for yourselves. This hatred remained upon you, and the displeasure of the Generous One persisted until you reached your current state; today, the anger and punishment of Allah have descended upon you, while the believers have attained His pleasure and reward.

فَتَمَنَّوُا الرُّجُوعَ وَقَالُوا رَبَّنَا أَمَتَّنَا اثْنَتَيْنِ يُرِيدُونَ الْمَوْتَةَ الْأُولَى وَمَا بَيْنَ النَّفْخَتَيْنِ عَلَى مَا قِيلَ أَوِ الْعَدَمَ الْمَحْضَ قَبْلَ إِيجَادِهِمْ، ثُمَّ أَمَاتَهُمْ بَعْدَمَا أَوْجَدَهُمْ، وَأَحْيَيْتَنَا اثْنَتَيْنِ الْحَيَاةَ الدُّنْيَا وَالْحَيَاةَ الْأُخْرَى، {فَاعْتَرَفْنَا بِذُنُوبِنَا فَهَلْ إِلَى خُرُوجٍ مِنْ سَبِيلٍ} أَيْ: تَحَسَّرُوا وَقَالُوا ذَلِكَ، فَلَمْ يَفِدْ وَلَمْ يَنْجَعْ، وَوُبِّخُوا عَلَى عَدَمِ فِعْلِ أَسْبَابِ النَّجَاةِ، فَقِيلَ لَهُمْ: {ذَلِكُمْ بِأَنَّهُ إِذَا دُعِيَ اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ} أَيْ إِذَا دُعِيَ لِتَوْحِيدِهِ، وَإِخْلَاصِ الْعَمَلِ لَهُ، وَنُهِيَ عَنِ الشِّرْكِ بِهِ كَفَرْتُمْ بِهِ وَاشْمَأَزَّتْ لِذَلِكَ قُلُوبُكُمْ وَنَفَرْتُمْ غَايَةَ النُّفُورِ.

They wish to return and say, 'Our Lord, You caused us to die twice'—referring to the first death, the interval between the two trumpet blasts, or the state of non-existence before He created them, followed by the death He decreed after creating them—'and You gave us life twice,' referring to the life of this world and the life of the Hereafter. {So we have confessed our sins, so is there any way to get out?} They express this with regret, but it is of no avail. They are rebuked for failing to pursue the means of salvation, and it is said to them: {That is because when Allah was called upon alone}—meaning, when He was called upon to be worshipped alone and for deeds to be performed sincerely for Him, and when shirk was forbidden—you disbelieved, your hearts were repulsed, and you fled in total aversion.

{وَإِنْ يُشْرَكَ بِهِ تُؤْمِنُوا} أَيْ: هَذَا الَّذِي أَنْزَلَكُمُ هَذَا الْمَنْزِلَ وَبَوَّأَكُمُ هَذَا الْمَقِيلَ وَالْمَحَلَّ، أَنَّكُمْ تَكْفُرُونَ بِالْإِيمَانِ، وَتُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْكُفْرِ، تَرْضَوْنَ بِمَا هُوَ شَرٌّ وَفَسَادٌ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ، وَتَكْرَهُونَ مَا هُوَ خَيْرٌ وَصَلَاحٌ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ.

{But if others are associated with Him, you believe}—this is what brought you to this position and settled you in this abode: you disbelieve in faith and believe in disbelief. You are pleased with what brings evil and corruption in this world and the Hereafter, and you hate what brings goodness and righteousness.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (51 verbs · 95 nouns)

• أَطْلَقَ — to release
• شَمِلَ — to include
• دَخَلَ — to enter
• تَوْبِيخ — rebuke
• نَوْع — type
• كُفْر — disbelief