Syrian Arabic Curriculum — Grade 10 — Page 12

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

اذْكُرِ الْحُجَجَ الَّتِي سَاقَهَا الشَّاعِرُ عَلَى بَرَاءَتِهِ فِي الْمَقْطَعِ الثَّانِي.

List the arguments the poet presents to prove his innocence in the second stanza.

٦. هَاتِ مِنَ الْمَقْطَعِ الثَّالِثِ مَا يُسَوِّغُ ثِقَةَ الشَّاعِرِ بِعَفْوِ الْمَلِكِ عَنْهُ.

6. Identify the lines in the third stanza that justify the poet's confidence in the King's pardon.

وَضِّحْ حَالَ الشَّاعِرِ النَّفْسِيَّةَ كَمَا أَوْحَى بِهَا الْبَيْتُ التَّاسِعُ.

Explain the poet's psychological state as suggested in the ninth verse.

.. مَا الصِّفَاتُ الَّتِي يَدْحَضُهَا الشَّاعِرُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ فِي النَّصِّ؟

What traits does the poet refute in himself throughout the text?

وَمَا مَوْقِفُكَ مِنْهَا؟

What is your own position regarding these traits?

٩. قَالَ الْحُطَيْئَةُ: مَنْ يَفْعَلِ الْخَيْرَ لَا يَعْدَمْ جَوَازِيَهُ، لَا يَذْهَبُ الْعُرْفُ بَيْنَ اللَّهِ وَالنَّاسِ.

9. Al-Hutay'ah said: Whoever does good will not lack its rewards; kindness never goes to waste between God and the people.

- وَازِنْ بَيْنَ هَذَا الْبَيْتِ وَالْبَيْتِ الثَّانِي عَشَرَ مِنَ النَّصِّ مِنْ حَيْثُ الْمَضْمُونُ.

Compare the content of this verse with the twelfth verse of the text.

. الْمُسْتَوَى الْفَنِّيُّ:

Artistic Analysis:

. اسْتَعْمِلِ الشَّاعِرُ الْأَفْعَالَ الْمَاضِيَةَ فِي الْمَقْطَعَيْنِ الْأَوَّلِ وَالثَّانِي.

The poet uses past tense verbs in the first and second stanzas.

اسْتَخْرِجْهَا، ثُمَّ بَيِّنْ دَوْرَهَا فِي إِظْهَارِ مُعَانَاةِ الشَّاعِرِ.

Extract these verbs and explain how they highlight the poet's suffering.

.. اسْتَعْمِلِ الشَّاعِرُ الْجُمَلَ الِاسْمِيَّةَ فِي الْمَقْطَعِ الثَّالِثِ.

The poet uses nominal sentences in the third stanza.

اسْتَخْرِجْهَا، ثُمَّ بَيِّنْ دَوْرَهَا فِي خِدْمَةِ الْمَعْنَى.

Extract these sentences and explain their function in the text.

.٣. اسْتَعْمِلِ الشَّاعِرُ النَّمَطَ الْبُرْهَانِيَّ، فَقَدَّمَ الْحُجَجَ وَالْبَرَاهِينَ لِتَسْوِيغِ أَفْعَالِهِ أَوْ تَبْرِئَةِ نَفْسِهِ.

3. The poet employs an argumentative style, providing evidence and proofs to justify his actions or clear his name.

دَلِّلْ عَلَى ذَلِكَ مِنَ النَّصِّ.

Provide evidence for this from the text.

٤. اسْتَخْرِجْ مِنَ الْبَيْتِ التَّاسِعِ صُورَةً بَيَانِيَّةً، وَاشْرَحْهَا، وَسَمِّ نَوْعَهَا.

4. Extract a rhetorical device from the ninth verse, explain it, and identify its type.

ه. هَاتِ مِنَ الْمَقْطَعِ الْأَوَّلِ شُعُوراً عَاطِفِيّاً وَحَدِّدْ مَوْطِنَهُ، ثُمَّ اذْكُرْ أَدَاةً مِنْ أَدَوَاتِ التَّعْبِيرِ عَنْهُ مَعَ مِثَالٍ مُنَاسِبٍ.

5. Identify an emotion expressed in the first stanza, point to where it appears, and name the technique used to convey it with a suitable example.

٦. مَثِّلْ لِمَصْدَرَيْنِ مِنْ مَصَادِرِ الْمُوسِيقَا الدَّاخِلِيَّةِ بَرَزَا فِي الْبَيْتِ الْعَاشِرِ.

6. Provide two examples of internal musicality found in the tenth verse.

الْمُسْتَوَى الْإِبْدَاعِيُّ.

Creative Analysis.

.. * حَوِّلِ الْمَقْطَعَ الثَّالِثَ إِلَى حِوَارٍ بَيْنَ الْمَلِكِ وَالشَّاعِرِ، مُضِيفاً مَا تَرَاهُ مُنَاسِباً لِمَوْضُوعِ النَّصِّ.

Convert the third stanza into a dialogue between the King and the poet, adding details you find appropriate to the subject.

* التَّعْبِيرُ الْكِتَابِيُّ: تَحْرِيرُ النَّصِّ الشِّعْرِيِّ (نَصُّ النَّابِغَةِ نَمُوذَجاً):

Written Expression: Editing the poetic text (using Al-Nabigha's text as a model):

أَوْقَعَ الْوُشَاةُ الْمُغْرِضُونَ بَيْنَ الشَّاعِرِ وَالْمُنْذِرِ، فَامْتَلَأَ قَلْبُ الشَّاعِرِ خَشْيَةً وَرِيبَةً، وَرَاحَ يُدَافِعُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ فِي أَبْيَاتِهِ السَّابِقَةِ الَّتِي دَارَتْ حَوْلَ مَوْضُوعِ الِاعْتِذَارِ، فَصَوَّرَ لَنَا فِي مَقْطَعِهِ الْأَوَّلِ تَهْدِيدَ الْمَلِكِ لَهُ، ذَلِكَ التَّهْدِيدُ الَّذِي مَلَأَ الْآفَاقَ وَوَقَعَ عَلَى الشَّاعِرِ وَقْعَ الصَّاعِقَةِ، ثُمَّ بَدَأَ بِتَصْوِيرِ وِشَايَةِ الْمُغْرِضِينَ بِهِ عِنْدَ الْمَلِكِ مُظْهِراً عَدَاوَتَهُمْ وَحِقْدَهُمْ وَكَذِبَهُمْ، فَهُوَ لَا يُمْكِنُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ بِشَيْءٍ مِمَّا لَفَّقُوا لَهُ، ثُمَّ اخْتَتَمَ نَصَّهُ بِسَعْيِهِ إِلَى إِثْبَاتِ بَرَاءَتِهِ مِنْ خِلَالِ الْحُجَجِ وَالْبَرَاهِينِ الَّتِي سَاقَهَا، وَاثِقاً بِكَرَمِ الْمَمْدُوحِ وَعَفْوِهِ.

Malicious slanderers drove a wedge between the poet and Al-Mundhir, leaving the poet filled with fear and doubt. He began to defend himself in the preceding verses, which center on the theme of apology. In the first stanza, he depicts the King's threat, which loomed large and struck him like a thunderbolt. He then describes the slanderers' accusations, exposing their enmity, hatred, and lies, insisting he could never have committed the acts they fabricated. He concludes by striving to prove his innocence through the arguments he presents, relying on the generosity and mercy of the man he praises.

Vocabulary · المفردات (34 verbs · 72 nouns)

• ذَكَرَ — to mention
• سَاقَ — to drive
• أَتَى — to come
• سَوَّغَ — to justify
• أَوْحَى — to inspire
• دَحَضَ — to refute
• فَعَلَ — to do
• عَدِمَ — to lack
• ذَهَبَ — to go
• وَازَنَ — to compare
• اسْتَعْمَلَ — to use
• اسْتَخْرَجَ — to extract
• بَيَّنَ — to clarify
• قَدَّمَ — to present
• دَلَّلَ — to provide evidence
• شَرَحَ — to explain
• سَمَّى — to name
• حَدَّدَ — to determine
• مَثَّلَ — to exemplify
• بَرَزَ — to emerge
• حَوَّلَ — to transform
• رَأَى — to see
• أَوْقَعَ — to cause to fall
• امْتَلَأَ — to be filled
• رَاحَ — to start
• دَافَعَ — to defend
• دَارَ — to revolve
• صَوَّرَ — to depict
• مَلَأَ — to fill
• وَقَعَ — to fall
• بَدَأَ — to begin
• أَظْهَرَ — to show
• لَفَّقَ — to fabricate
• اخْتَتَمَ — to conclude
• حُجَّة — argument
• شَاعِر — poet
• بَرَاءَة — innocence
• مَقْطَع — section
• ثِقَة — confidence
• عَفْو — pardon
• مَلِك — king
• حَال — state
• نَفْسِيَّة — psychological
• بَيْت — verse
• صِفَة — trait
• خَيْر — good, goodness, welfare, benefit
• جَوَازِي — reward
• عُرْف — kindness
• مَضْمُون — content
• مُسْتَوَى — level
• فَنِّي — artistic
• فِعْل — Form I (verb pattern)
• مَاضِي — past
• دَوْر — role
• إِظْهَار — showing
• مُعَانَاة — suffering
• جُمْلَة — sentence
• اسْمِيَّة — nominal
• خِدْمَة — service
• مَعْنَى — meaning
• نَمَط — style
• بُرْهَانِي — argumentative
• بُرْهَان — proof
• تَسْوِيغ — justification, permission
• تَبْرِئَة — exoneration
• صُورَة — copy, image
• بَيَانِيَّة — rhetorical
• شُعُور — feeling
• عَاطِفِي — emotional
• مَوْطِن — location
• أَدَاة — tool
• تَعْبِير — expression
• مِثَال — an example
• مُنَاسِب — appropriate
• مَصْدَر — source
• مُوسِيقَا — music
• دَاخِلِيَّة — internal
• إِبْدَاعِي — creative
• حِوَار — dialogue
• كِتَابِي — written
• تَحْرِير — editing
• نَص — text
• شِعْرِي — poetic
• نَمُوذَج — model
• وَاشٍ — slanderer
• مُغْرِض — malicious
• قَلْب — heart
• خَشْيَة — fear
• رِيبَة — suspicion
• أَبْيَات — verses
• سَابِقَة — precedent, previous event
• اعْتِذَار — apology
• تَهْدِيد — threat
• آفَاق — horizons
• وَقْع — impact
• صَاعِقَة — thunderbolt
• وِشَايَة — slander
• عَدَاوَة — hostility
• حِقْد — hatred
• كَذِب — lying
• سَعْي — effort
• كَرَم — generosity
• مَمْدُوح — praised
• شَيْء — object
• إِثْبَات — affirmation
• نَوْع — kind