Sharh Riyad as-Saliheen by Ibn Uthaymeen — Volume 4 (شرح رياض الصالحين) — Page 350

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

شَرْحُ رِيَاضِ الصَّالِحِينَ مِنْ كَلَامِ سَيِّدِ الْمُرْسَلِينَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَيْئًا مِنَ النَّفَقَةِ حَتَّى يَجُوعُوا وَيَتْرُكُوا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَكَذَبُوا، فَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ لَا يُمْكِنُ أَنْ يَتْرُكُوا النَّبِيَّ وَلَوْ مَاتُوا جُوعًا وَظَمَأً، لَكِنَّ هَذِهِ هِيَ حَالُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ الَّذِينَ يَلْمِزُونَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فِي الصَّدَقَاتِ إِذَا أُعْطُوا رَضُوا وَإِنْ لَمْ يُعْطَوْا إِذَا هُمْ يَسْخَطُونَ، أَمَّا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ فَلَنْ يَتْرُكُوا الرَّسُولَ لَا تُنفِقُوا عَلَى مَنْ عِندَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ حَتَّى يَنفَضُّوا [الْمُنَافِقُونَ: 7]، حَتَّى هُنَا لِلتَّعْلِيلِ وَلَيْسَتْ لِلْغَايَةِ يَعْنِي لِأَجْلِ أَنْ يَنفَضُّوا عَنْهُ، وَلَكِنْ كَذَبُوا فِي ذَلِكَ، وَقَالُوا أَيْضًا: لَئِن رَّجَعْنَا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ لَيُخْرِجَنَّ الْأَعَزُّ مِنْهَا الْأَذَلَّ [الْمُنَافِقُونَ: 8].

Explanation of Riyadh as-Salihin from the words of the Master of the Messengers, may Allah bless him and grant him peace: [They wanted to withhold] some of the spending until they [the believers] would go hungry and leave the Prophet (PBUH), but they lied; for the believers could not possibly leave the Prophet even if they died of hunger and thirst, but this is the state of the hypocrites who criticize the Prophet (PBUH) regarding the charities; if they are given, they are pleased, and if they are not given, they become angry. As for the believers, they will never leave the Messenger. 'Do not spend on those who are with the Messenger of Allah until they disperse' [Al-Munafiqun: 7]; 'until' here is for causality and not for the end goal, meaning: in order that they might disperse from him, but they lied in that. And they also said: 'If we return to Medina, the more honorable will surely expel the more abased therefrom' [Al-Munafiqun: 8].

وَيَعْنِي بِالْأَعَزِّ نَفْسَهُ وَقَوْمَهُ وَبِالْأَذَلِّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَسَمِعَ ذَلِكَ زَيْدُ بْنُ الْأَرْقَمِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، فَأَتَى إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرَهُ بِأَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أُبَيٍّ قَالَ هَذَا الْكَلَامَ، فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ النَّبِيُّ - أَيْ إِلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أُبَيٍّ - فَاجْتَهَدَ يَمِينَهُ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَقُلْ هَذَا، يَعْنِي حَلَفَ وَأَقْسَمَ وَاشْتَدَّ فِي الْقَسَمِ أَنَّهُ مَا قَالَ ذَلِكَ؛ لِأَنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ هَذَا دَأَبُهُمْ، يَحْلِفُونَ عَلَى الْكَذِبِ وَهُمْ يَعْلَمُونَ، فَأَقْسَمَ أَنَّهُ مَا قَالَ ذَلِكَ، وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَقْبَلُ عَلَانِيَتَهُمْ وَيَكِلُ سَرِيرَتَهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ، فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ زَيْدَ بْنَ أَرْقَمَ اشْتَدَّ عَلَيْهِ الْأَمْرُ؛ لِأَنَّ الرَّجُلَ حَلَفَ وَأَقْسَمَ عِنْدَ الرَّسُولِ أَوْ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ الرَّسُولِ، وَاجْتَهَدَ بِيَمِينِهِ فِي ذَلِكَ، فَاشْتَدَّ هَذَا عَلَى زَيْدِ بْنِ الْأَرْقَمِ، فَقَالَ النَّاسُ: كَذَبَ زَيْدُ بْنُ أَرْقَمَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَعْنِي أَخْبَرَهُ بِالْكَذِبِ حَتَّى أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَصْدِيقَ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ فِي قَوْلِهِ: هُمُ الَّذِينَ يَقُولُونَ لَا تُنفِقُوا عَلَى مَنْ عِندَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ حَتَّى يَنفَضُّوا وَلِلَّهِ خَزَائِنُ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَلَكِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ لَا يَفْقَهُونَ يَقُولُونَ لَئِن رَّجَعْنَا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ لَيُخْرِجَنَّ الْأَعَزُّ مِنْهَا الْأَذَلَّ وَلِلَّهِ الْعِزَّةُ وَلِرَسُولِهِ وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَلَكِنَّ الْمُنَافِقِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ [الْمُنَافِقُونَ: 7-8].

He meant by 'the more honorable' himself and his people, and by 'the more abased' the Messenger of Allah (PBUH). Zayd ibn al-Arqam (may Allah be pleased with him) heard that, so he came to the Prophet (PBUH) and informed him that Abdullah ibn Ubayy had said these words. The Prophet sent for him—that is, to Abdullah ibn Ubayy—and he swore his strongest oaths that he had not said this, meaning he swore and took an oath and was emphatic in his oath that he did not say that; because this is the habit of the hypocrites, they swear to lies while they know [the truth]. So he swore that he did not say it, and the Prophet (PBUH) used to accept their outward appearance and leave their inner secrets to Allah. When that reached Zayd ibn al-Arqam, the matter weighed heavily upon him, because the man had sworn and taken an oath before the Messenger or before the Messenger's messenger, and he had been emphatic in his oath regarding that. This was difficult for Zayd ibn al-Arqam, and the people said: 'Zayd ibn al-Arqam lied to the Messenger of Allah (PBUH),' meaning he informed him of a lie, until Allah sent down the confirmation of Zayd ibn al-Arqam in His saying: 'They are the ones who say, "Do not spend on those who are with the Messenger of Allah until they disperse." And to Allah belong the treasuries of the heavens and the earth, but the hypocrites do not understand. They say, "If we return to Medina, the more honorable will surely expel the more abased therefrom." And to Allah belongs [all] honor, and to His Messenger, and to the believers, but the hypocrites do not know' [Al-Munafiqun: 7-8].

وَتَأَمَّلْ جَوَابَ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لِقَوْلِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أُبَيٍّ: لَيُخْرِجَنَّ الْأَعَزُّ مِنْهَا الْأَذَلَّ حَيْثُ قَالَ: وَلِلَّهِ الْعِزَّةُ وَلِرَسُولِهِ وَلَمْ يَقُلْ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الْأَعَزُّ؛ لِأَنَّهُ لَوْ قَالَ:

Contemplate the response of Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, to the statement of Abdullah ibn Ubayy: 'The more honorable will surely expel the more abased therefrom,' where He said: 'And to Allah belongs [all] honor, and to His Messenger,' and He did not say: 'Indeed, Allah is the more honorable,' because if He had said:

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Vocabulary · المفردات (31 verbs · 38 nouns)

• صَلَّى — to bless
• سَلَّمَ — to grant peace
• جَاعَ — to be hungry
• شَرْحٌ — explanation
• رِيَاضٌ — gardens
• صَالِحٌ — righteous person