Subul al-Salam — Sharh Nawaqid al-Islam by Ibn Baz (شرح نواقض الإسلام) — Page 19

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

النَّاقِضُ الْأَوَّلُ

The First Nullifier.

وَقَالَ : « وَالْعِبَادَةُ : هِيَ طَاعَتُهُ - سُبْحَانَهُ -، وَطَاعَةُ رَسُولِهِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَ اللَّهِ عَنْهُ وَرَسُولِهِ عَنْ إِيمَانٍ بِاللَّهِ بِفِعْلِ مَا أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهِ وَرَسُولُهُ، وَتَرْكِ مَا نَهَى وَرَسُولُهُ، وَإِخْلَاصٌ لِلَّهِ فِي الْعَمَلِ، مَعَ غَايَةِ الْحُبِّ لِلَّهِ وَكَمَالِ الذُّلِّ لَهُ وَحْدَهُ

He said: 'Worship is His obedience—Glory be to Him—and the obedience of His Messenger Muhammad, out of faith in Allah, by doing what Allah and His Messenger have commanded, and leaving what He and His Messenger have forbidden, and sincerity to Allah in action, along with the utmost love for Allah and complete humility before Him alone (1).'

وَقَالَ : « الْعِبَادَةُ : هِيَ الْخُضُوعُ لِلَّهِ - جَلَّ وَعَلَا - وَالتَّذَلُّلُ لَهُ، وَسُمِّيَتِ الْوَظَائِفُ الَّتِي أَمَرَ اللَّهُ بِهَا الْمُكَلَّفِينَ - مِنْ أَوَامِرَ وَتَرْكِ نَوَاهٍ - عِبَادَةً ؛ لِأَنَّهَا تُؤَدَّى بِالْخُضُوعِ وَالتَّذَلُّلِ لِلَّهِ - عَزَّ وَجَلَّ -، ثُمَّ لَمَّا كَانَتِ الْعِبَادَةُ لَا يُمْكِنُ أَنْ تَسْتَقِلَّ بِتَفَاصِيلِهَا (٢) الْعُقُولُ، كَمَا أَنَّهُ لَا يُمْكِنُ أَنْ تُعْرَفَ بِهَا الْأَحْكَامُ مِنَ الْأَوَامِرِ وَالنَّوَاهِي عَلَى التَّفْصِيلِ أَرْسَلَ اللَّهُ - سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى - الرُّسُلَ، وَأَنْزَلَ الْكُتُبَ لِبَيَانِ الْأَمْرِ الَّذِي خَلَقَ اللَّهُ مِنْ أَجْلِهِ الْخَلْقَ

He said: 'Worship is submission to Allah—Majestic and Exalted is He—and humility before Him. The duties that Allah has commanded the legally responsible to perform—consisting of commands and the abandonment of prohibitions—are called worship because they are performed with submission and humility to Allah—Almighty and Majestic is He. Furthermore, since the intellects cannot independently grasp the details (2) of worship, just as they cannot know the rulings of commands and prohibitions in detail, Allah—Glorified and Exalted is He—sent the Messengers and revealed the Books to clarify the matter for which Allah created the creation.'

وَقَالَ: «الْعِبَادَةُ : هِيَ تَوْحِيدُهُ وَطَاعَتُهُ مَعَ تَعْظِيمِ أَوَامِرِهِ وَنَوَاهِيهِ

He said: 'Worship is His Oneness and His obedience, along with the veneration of His commands and prohibitions (4).'

وَقَالَ : ( وَعِبَادَتُهُ : هِيَ تَوْحِيدُهُ - سُبْحَانَهُ - بِأَنْوَاعِ الْعِبَادَةِ وَطَاعَةِ أَوَامِرِهِ وَتَرْكِ نَوَاهِيهِ، وَلَا سَبِيلَ إِلَى مَعْرِفَةِ ذَلِكَ بِالتَّفْصِيلِ إِلَّا بِوَاسِطَةِ الْعِلْمِ

He said: 'And His worship is His Oneness—Glory be to Him—through the various types of worship, the obedience of His commands, and the abandonment of His prohibitions, and there is no way to know that in detail except through knowledge.'

وَقَالَ : « وَسَمِعْتُمْ بَيَانَ هَذِهِ الْعِبَادَةِ، وَأَنَّهَا الذُّلُّ وَالْخُضُوعُ لِلَّهِ عَنْ مَحَبَّةٍ لَهُ - سُبْحَانَهُ - وَعَنْ رَغْبَةٍ فِيمَا عِنْدَهُ، عَنْ رَجَاءٍ، عَنْ خَوْفٍ، لَا مُجَرَّدُ تَرْكِ الشَّيْءِ أَوْ فِعْلِهِ بَلْ لَا بُدَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ مَحَبَّةٍ لَهُ - سُبْحَانَهُ - صَادِقَةٍ، وَعَنْ

He said: 'And you have heard the explanation of this worship, and that it is humility and submission to Allah out of love for Him—Glory be to Him—and out of desire for what He has, out of hope, and out of fear; it is not merely leaving a thing or doing it, but rather it must be out of sincere love for Him—Glory be to Him—and out of...'

مَجْمُوعُ الْفَتَاوَى

(1) Majmu' al-Fatawa: (1/173).

قَوْلُهُ : « بِتَفَاصِيلِهَا قَيْدٌ مُهِمٌّ فَالصَّلَاةُ وَالصَّوْمُ وَجَمِيعُ الشَّرَائِعِ لَا تُعْرَفُ إِلَّا بِوَاسِطَةِ » الرُّسُلِ، لَكِنَّ إِفْرَادَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى بِالْعِبَادَةِ يُدْرَكُ بِالْفِطْرَةِ وَالْعَقْلِ وَالدَّلَائِلِ الْكَوْنِيَّةِ، إِلَّا أَنَّهُ مِنْ كَمَالِ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى أَنَّهُ لَا يُعَذِّبُ أَحَدًا أَشْرَكَ بِهِ إِلَّا بَعْدَ قِيَامِ الْحُجَّةِ الرِّسَالِيَّةِ.

(2) His statement 'in their details' is an important qualification; for prayer, fasting, and all religious laws are not known except through the Messengers. However, singling out Allah Almighty for worship is grasped by innate nature (fitra), intellect, and cosmic signs, yet it is from the perfection of Allah Almighty's mercy that He does not punish anyone who associates partners with Him until after the establishment of the prophetic proof.

مَجْمُوعُ الْفَتَاوَى

(3) Majmu' al-Fatawa: (1/329).

مَجْمُوعُ الْفَتَاوَى

(4) Majmu' al-Fatawa: (1/328).

مَجْمُوعُ الْفَتَاوَى:

(5) Majmu' al-Fatawa: (1/353).

Vocabulary · المفردات (12 verbs · 40 nouns)

• قَالَ — to say
• أَمَرَ — to command
• نَهَى — to forbid
• سَمَّى — to name
• أَدَّى — to perform
• كَانَ — to be
• اِسْتَقَلَّ — to be sufficient
• عَرَفَ — to know
• أَرْسَلَ — to send
• أَنْزَلَ — to reveal
• خَلَقَ — to create
• سَمِعَ — to hear
• نَاقِضٌ — nullifier
• أَوَّلٌ — first
• عِبَادَةٌ — worship
• طَاعَةٌ — obedience
• رَسُولٌ — messenger
• فِعْلٌ — action
• تَرْكٌ — abandonment
• إِيمَانٌ — faith
• إِخْلَاصٌ — sincerity
• عَمَلٌ — work
• غَايَةٌ — utmost
• حُبٌّ — love
• كَمَالٌ — perfection
• ذُلٌّ — humility
• خُضُوعٌ — submission
• تَذَلُّلٌ — humbling oneself
• وَظِيفَةٌ — function
• مُكَلَّفٌ — person under obligation
• أَمْرٌ — command
• نَهْيٌ — prohibition
• عَقْلٌ — intellect
• حُكْمٌ — ruling
• تَفْصِيلٌ — detail
• كِتَابٌ — book
• بَيَانٌ — explanation
• خَلْقٌ — creation
• تَوْحِيدٌ — monotheism
• تَعْظِيمٌ — veneration
• نَوْعٌ — type
• سَبِيلٌ — path
• مَعْرِفَةٌ — knowledge
• وَاسِطَةٌ — means
• عِلْمٌ — science
• مَحَبَّةٌ — love
• رَغْبَةٌ — desire
• رَجَاءٌ — hope
• خَوْفٌ — fear
• مُجَرَّدٌ — mere
• شَيْءٌ — thing
• صَادِقٌ — truthful