Sharh Kashf al-Shubuhat by Ibn Uthaymeen (شرح كشف الشبهات) — Page 13

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

شَرْحُ كَشْفِ الشُّبُهَاتِ.

Explanation of Kashf al-Shubuhat (The Removal of Doubts).

بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ.

In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

اِبْتَدَأَ الْمُؤَلِّفُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ تَعَالَى كِتَابَهُ بِالْبَسْمَلَةِ اقْتِدَاءً بِكِتَابِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، فَإِنَّهُ مَبْدُوءٌ بِالْبَسْمَلَةِ، وَاقْتِدَاءً بِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَإِنَّهُ يَبْدَأُ كُتُبَهُ وَرَسَائِلَهُ بِالْبَسْمَلَةِ.

(1) The author, may Allah the Exalted have mercy upon him, began his book with the Basmala, following the example of the Book of Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, for it begins with the Basmala, and following the example of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, for he would begin his books and letters with the Basmala.

وَالْجَارُّ وَالْمَجْرُورُ مُتَعَلِّقٌ بِفِعْلٍ مَحْذُوفٍ مُؤَخَّرٍ مُنَاسِبٍ لِلْمَقَامِ تَقْدِيرُهُ: بِسْمِ اللهِ أَكْتُبُ.

The preposition and the noun following it are connected to an omitted, delayed verb that is appropriate for the context, the estimation of which is: 'In the name of Allah, I write.'

وَقَدَّرْنَاهُ فِعْلًا لِأَنَّ الْأَصْلَ فِي الْعَمَلِ الْأَفْعَالُ.

We estimated it as a verb because the fundamental basis for action is verbs.

وَقَدَّرْنَاهُ مُؤَخَّرًا لِفَائِدَتَيْنِ: الْأُولَى: التَّبَرُّكُ بِالْبَدَاءَةِ بِاسْمِ اللهِ تَعَالَى.

We estimated it as delayed for two benefits: The first is seeking blessing by beginning with the name of Allah the Exalted.

الثَّانِيَةُ: إِفَادَةُ الْحَصْرِ لِأَنَّ تَقْدِيمَ الْمُتَعَلِّقِ يُفِيدُ الْحَصْرَ.

The second is to convey exclusivity, because placing the connected element first implies exclusivity.

وَقَدَّرْنَاهُ مُنَاسِبًا لِأَنَّهُ أَدَلُّ عَلَى الْمُرَادِ، فَلَوْ قُلْنَا مَثَلًا عِنْدَمَا نُرِيدُ أَنْ نَقْرَأَ كِتَابًا بِاسْمِ اللهِ نَبْتَدِئُ، مَا يَدْرِي بِمَاذَا نَبْتَدِئُ، لَكِنْ بِسْمِ اللهِ نَقْرَأُ أَدَلُّ عَلَى الْمُرَادِ الَّذِي أَبْتَدِئُ بِهِ.

We estimated it as appropriate because it is more indicative of the intended meaning; for if we were to say, for example, when we want to read a book, 'In the name of Allah we begin,' one would not know what we are beginning, but 'In the name of Allah we read' is more indicative of the intended action that I am beginning with.

لَفْظُ الْجَلَالَةِ عَلَمٌ عَلَى الْبَارِي جَلَّ وَعَلَا، وَهُوَ الِاسْمُ الَّذِي تَتْبَعُهُ جَمِيعُ الْأَسْمَاءِ، حَتَّى أَنَّهُ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: كِتَابٌ أَنْزَلْنَاهُ إِلَيْكَ لِتُخْرِجَ النَّاسَ مِنَ الظُّلُمَاتِ إِلَى النُّورِ بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ إِلَى صِرَاطِ الْعَزِيزِ الْحَمِيدِ اللهِ الَّذِي لَهُ مَا فِي السَّمَوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ، لَا نَقُولُ إِنَّ لَفْظَ الْجَلَالَةِ (اللهُ) صِفَةٌ، بَلْ نَقُولُ هِيَ عَطْفُ بَيَانٍ لِئَلَّا يَكُونَ لَفْظُ الْجَلَالَةِ تَابِعًا تَبَعِيَّةَ النَّعْتِ لِلْمَنْعُوتِ، وَلِهَذَا قَالَ الْعُلَمَاءُ: أَعْرَفُ الْمَعَارِفِ لَفْظُ (اللهِ) لِأَنَّهُ لَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى أَحَدٍ سِوَى اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ.

(2) The word of majesty (Allah) is a proper noun for the Creator, may He be glorified and exalted, and it is the name that all other names follow, to the extent that in His saying, the Exalted: 'A Book We have revealed to you, that you might bring mankind out of darkness into light by the permission of their Lord, to the path of the Exalted in Might, the Praiseworthy, Allah, to whom belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth,' we do not say that the word of majesty (Allah) is an adjective; rather, we say it is an explanatory appositive (atf bayan) so that the word of majesty is not a follower in the manner of an adjective to a noun. For this reason, the scholars said: The most definite of all definite nouns is the word (Allah), because it does not point to anyone other than Allah, the Almighty and Majestic.

الرَّحْمَنُ اسْمٌ مِنَ الْأَسْمَاءِ الْمُخْتَصَّةِ بِاللهِ لَا يُطْلَقُ عَلَى غَيْرِهِ، وَمَعْنَاهُ: الْمُتَّصِفُ بِالرَّحْمَةِ الْوَاسِعَةِ.

(3) Al-Rahman (The Most Gracious) is a name from among the names specific to Allah; it is not applied to anyone else, and its meaning is: the One characterized by vast mercy.

الرَّحِيمُ اسْمٌ يُطْلَقُ عَلَى اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَعَلَى غَيْرِهِ.

(4) Al-Rahim (The Most Merciful) is a name that is applied to Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, and to others.

Vocabulary · المفردات (26 verbs · 48 nouns)

• اِبْتَدَأَ — to begin
• رَحِمَ — to have mercy
• عَزَّ — to be mighty
• جَلَّ — to be majestic
• صَلَّى — to pray
• سَلَّمَ — to greet
• بَدَأَ — to begin
• تَعَلَّقَ — to be related
• حَذَفَ — to omit
• أَخَّرَ — to delay
• نَاسَبَ — to suit
• كَتَبَ — to write
• قَدَّرَ — to assume/postulate
• تَبَرَّكَ — to seek blessing
• أَفَادَ — to benefit
• قَدَّمَ — to present
• أَرَادَ — to want
• قَرَأَ — to read
• دَرَى — to know
• تَبِعَ — to follow
• أَنْزَلَ — to send down
• أَخْرَجَ — to bring out
• قَالَ — to say
• دَلَّ — to indicate
• أَطْلَقَ — to apply/use
• اِتَّصَفَ — to be characterized
• شَرْحٌ — explanation
• شُبْهَةٌ — doubt
• اِسْمٌ — name
• رَحْمَنٌ — merciful
• رَحِيمٌ — merciful
• مُؤَلِّفٌ — author
• كِتَابٌ — book
• بَسْمَلَةٌ — basmala
• اِقْتِدَاءٌ — following
• رَسُولٌ — messenger
• رِسَالَةٌ — letter
• جَارٌّ — preposition
• مَجْرُورٌ — genitive
• فِعْلٌ — verb
• مَقَامٌ — context
• تَقْدِيرٌ — estimation
• أَصْلٌ — origin
• عَمَلٌ — work
• فَائِدَةٌ — benefit
• بَدَاءَةٌ — beginning
• حَصْرٌ — restriction
• تَقْدِيمٌ — fronting
• مُرَادٌ — intended meaning
• لَفْظٌ — word
• جَلَالَةٌ — majesty
• عَلَمٌ — proper noun
• بَارِي — creator
• نَاسٌ — people
• ظُلْمَةٌ — darkness
• نُورٌ — light
• إِذْنٌ — permission
• رَبٌّ — lord
• صِرَاطٌ — path
• عَزِيزٌ — mighty
• حَمِيدٌ — praiseworthy
• سَمَاءٌ — sky
• أَرْضٌ — earth
• صِفَةٌ — adjective
• عَطْفٌ — conjunction
• بَيَانٌ — clarification
• تَابِعٌ — follower
• تَبَعِيَّةٌ — dependency
• نَعْتٌ — adjective
• مَنْعُوتٌ — described
• عَالِمٌ — scholar
• مَعْرِفَةٌ — definite noun
• أَحَدٌ — anyone
• رَحْمَةٌ — mercy