Sharh Ibn Aqil on Alfiyyat Ibn Malik — Volume 3 (شرح ابن عقيل على ألفية ابن مالك) — Page 217

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

التَّوْكِيدُ.

Emphasis.

أَيْ: يَجُوزُ أَنْ يُؤَكَّدَ بِضَمِيرِ الرَّفْعِ الْمُنْفَصِلِ كُلُّ ضَمِيرٍ مُتَّصِلٍ: مَرْفُوعاً كَانَ، نَحْوَ: «قُمْتَ أَنْتَ»، أَوْ مَنْصُوباً، نَحْوَ: «أَكْرَمْتَنِي أَنَا»، أَوْ مَجْرُوراً، نَحْوَ: «مَرَرْتُ بِهِ هُوَ» وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ.

In other words, any attached pronoun may be emphasized using a detached nominative pronoun. This applies whether the pronoun is nominative, as in "qumta anta" (you stood), accusative, as in "akramtani ana" (you honored me), or genitive, as in "marartu bihi huwa" (I passed by him). God knows best.

لِمُضْمَرِ الرَّفْعِ «قَدْ»، حَرْفُ تَحْقِيقٍ «انْفَصَلَ»، فِعْلٌ مَاضٍ، وَفَاعِلُهُ ضَمِيرٌ مُسْتَتِرٌ فِيهِ جَوَازاً تَقْدِيرُهُ هُوَ يَعُودُ إِلَى الِاسْمِ الْمَوْصُولِ الْوَاقِعِ نَعْتاً، وَالْجُمْلَةُ لَا مَحَلَّ لَهَا صِلَةُ الْمَوْصُولِ.

Regarding the nominative pronoun, "qad" serves as a particle of verification. "Infasala" is a past-tense verb with an implicitly understood subject, "huwa" (it), which refers back to the relative noun acting as an adjective. This clause has no grammatical position as it serves as the relative clause.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (11 verbs · 32 nouns)

• جَازَ — to be permissible
• أَكَّدَ — to emphasize
• كَانَ — to be
• تَوْكِيدٌ — emphasis
• جَوَازٌ — permissibility
• ضَمِيرٌ — pronoun