Sharh Ibn Aqil on Alfiyyat Ibn Malik — Volume 1 (شرح ابن عقيل على ألفية ابن مالك) — Page 375

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

وَالْكِسَائِيُّ « إِنَّمَا زَيْدًا قَائِمٌ » وَالصَّحِيحُ الْمَذْهَبُ الْأَوَّلُ ، وَهُوَ أَنَّهُ لَا يَعْمَلُ مِنْهَا مَعَ « مَا » إِلَّا « لَيْتَ » ، وَأَمَّا مَا حَكَاهُ الْأَخْفَشُ وَالْكِسَائِيُّ فَشَاذٌّ ، وَاحْتَرَزْنَا بِغَيْرِ الْمَوْصُولَةِ مِنَ الْمَوْصُولَةِ ؛ فَإِنَّهَا لَا تَكُفُّهَا عَنِ الْعَمَلِ ، بَلْ تَعْمَلُ مَعَهَا ، وَالْمُرَادُ مِنَ الْمَوْصُولَةِ الَّتِي بِمَعْنَى « الَّذِي » ، نَحْوُ : « إِنَّ مَا عِنْدَكَ حَسَنٌ » [ أَيْ : إِنَّ الَّذِي عِنْدَكَ حَسَنٌ ] ، وَالَّتِي هِيَ مُقَدَّرَةٌ بِالْمَصْدَرِ ، نَحْوُ : « إِنَّ مَا فَعَلْتَ حَسَنٌ » أَيْ : إِنَّ فِعْلَكَ حَسَنٌ

Al-Kisa'i allowed the construction 'Innama Zaydan qa'imun,' but the correct view is the first school of thought: none of these particles retain their grammatical function when joined with 'ma,' except for 'layta.' What Al-Akhfash and Al-Kisa'i reported is anomalous. We specified 'non-relative' to exclude the relative 'ma,' as it does not block the particle from governing; rather, the particle continues to function. The relative 'ma' refers to the one meaning 'that which,' as in 'Inna ma 'indaka hasan' (Indeed, that which you have is good), or the one interpreted as a verbal noun, as in 'Inna ma fa'alta hasan' (Indeed, your action is good).

وَجَائِزٌ رَفْعُكَ مَعْطُوفًا عَلَى مَنْصُوبِ « إِنَّ » ، بَعْدَ أَنْ تَسْتَكْمِلَا

It is permissible to use the nominative case for a coordinate to the accusative of 'Inna' once the particle has completed its structure.

أَيْ : إِذَا أُتِيَ بَعْدَ اسْمِ « إِنَّ » وَخَبَرِهَا بِعَاطِفٍ جَازَ فِي الِاسْمِ الَّذِي بَعْدَهُ وَجْهَانِ ؛ أَحَدُهُمَا : النَّصْبُ عَطْفًا عَلَى اسْمِ « إِنَّ » نَحْوُ : « إِنَّ زَيْدًا قَائِمٌ وَعَمْرًا

This means that if a conjunction follows the noun and predicate of 'Inna,' the subsequent noun may take one of two cases. The first is the accusative, acting as a coordinate to the noun of 'Inna,' such as in: 'Inna Zaydan qa'imun wa 'Amran'.

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Vocabulary · المفردات (23 verbs · 48 nouns)

• عَمِلَ — to govern grammatically
• حَكَى — to narrate
• احْتَرَزَ — to exercise caution
• مَذْهَبٌ — school of thought
• أَوَّلٌ — first
• مَوْصُولٌ — relative