Sharh al-Arba'in al-Nawawiyya by Ibn Uthaymeen (شرح الأربعين النووية) — Page 19

Arabic text · النص

Line-by-line translation · المعاني

الْحَدِيثُ الْأَوَّلُ : إِنَّمَا الْأَعْمَالُ بِالنِّيَّاتِ.

The first Hadith: Actions are only by intentions.

ذِرَاعَاً.

A cubit.

فَإِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ، فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يُكَافِئُهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ بِأَعْظَمَ مِمَّا عَمِلَ.

If Allah wills, then Allah the Exalted rewards him for that with something greater than what he did.

وَهُنَا مَسْأَلَةٌ.

And here is a question.

مَسْأَلَةٌ: بَعْدَ مَوْتِ الرَّسُولِ هَلْ يُمْكِنُ أَنْ نُهَاجِرَ إِلَيْهِ عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ؟

Question: After the death of the Messenger, is it possible for us to migrate to him, peace and blessings be upon him?

الْجَوَابُ: أَمَّا شَخْصُهُ فَلَا، وَلِذَلِكَ لَا يُهَاجَرُ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ مِنْ أَجْلِ شَخْصِ الرَّسُولِ، لِأَنَّهُ تَحْتَ الثَّرَى، وَأَمَّا الْهِجْرَةُ إِلَى سُنَّتِهِ وَشَرْعِهِ فَهَذَا مِمَّا جَاءَ الْحَثُّ عَلَيْهِ، وَذَلِكَ مِثْلُ: الذَّهَابِ إِلَى بَلَدٍ لِنُصْرَةِ شَرِيعَةِ الرَّسُولِ ﷺ وَالذَّوْدِ عَنْهَا.

The answer: As for his person, no; therefore, one does not migrate to Medina for the sake of the person of the Messenger, because he is beneath the soil. As for migration to his Sunnah and his law, this is something that has been encouraged, such as going to a country to support the law of the Messenger (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and to defend it.

فَالْهِجْرَةُ إِلَى اللَّهِ فِي كُلِّ وَقْتٍ وَحِينٍ، وَالْهِجْرَةُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ لِشَخْصِهِ وَشَرِيعَتِهِ حَالَ حَيَاتِهِ، وَبَعْدَ مَمَاتِهِ إِلَى شَرِيعَتِهِ فَقَطْ.

Migration to Allah is at every time and moment, and migration to the Messenger of Allah for his person and his law was during his lifetime, and after his death, it is to his law only.

نَظِيرُ هَذَا قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: فَإِنْ تَنَازَعْتُمْ فِي شَيْءٍ فَرُدُّوهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَالرَّسُولِ.

The parallel to this is His saying, the Exalted: 'If you differ in anything, refer it to Allah and the Messenger.'

إِلَى اللَّهِ دَائِمَاً، وَإِلَى الرَّسُولِ نَفْسِهِ فِي حَيَاتِهِ، وَإِلَى سُنَّتِهِ بَعْدَ وَفَاتِهِ.

To Allah always, and to the Messenger himself during his lifetime, and to his Sunnah after his death.

فَمَنْ ذَهَبَ مِنْ بَلَدٍ إِلَى بَلَدٍ لِيَتَعَلَّمَ الْحَدِيثَ، فَهَذَا هِجْرَتُهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ، وَمَنْ هَاجَرَ مِنْ بَلَدٍ إِلَى بَلَدٍ لِامْرَأَةٍ يَتَزَوَّجُهَا بِأَنْ خَطَبَهَا وَقَالَتْ لَا أَتَزَوَّجُكَ إِلَّا إِذَا حَضَرْتَ إِلَى بَلَدِي فَهِجْرَتُهُ إِلَى مَا هَاجَرَ إِلَيْهِ، فَمَنْ كَانَتْ هِجْرَتُهُ لِدُنْيَا يُصِيبُهَا بِأَنْ عَلِمَ أَنَّ فِي الْبَلَدِ الْفُلَانِيِّ تِجَارَةً رَابِحَةً فَذَهَبَ إِلَيْهَا مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنْ يَرْبَحَ، فَهَذَا هِجْرَتُهُ إِلَى دُنْيَا يُصِيبُهَا، وَلَيْسَ لَهُ إِلَّا مَا أَرَادَ.

So whoever goes from one country to another to learn Hadith, his migration is to Allah and His Messenger. And whoever migrates from one country to another for a woman he marries, by proposing to her and she says, 'I will not marry you unless you come to my country,' then his migration is to what he migrated for. And whoever's migration was for a worldly gain he seeks, by knowing that in such-and-such country there is profitable trade, so he went there in order to profit, then his migration is to a worldly gain he seeks, and he has nothing but what he intended.

وَإِذَا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَلَّا يَحْصُلَ عَلَى شَيْءٍ لَمْ يَحْصُلْ عَلَى شَيْءٍ.

And if Allah, the Almighty and Majestic, wills that he does not obtain anything, he will not obtain anything.

قَوْلُهُ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ: رَوَاهُ إِمَامَا الْمُحَدِّثِينَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ بَرْدِزْبَهَ الْبُخَارِيُّ مِنْ بُخَارَى وَهُوَ إِمَامُ الْمُحَدِّثِينَ وَمُسْلِمُ ابْنُ الْحَجَّاجِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ الْقُشَيْرِيُّ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ فِي صَحِيحِهِمَا اللَّذَيْنِ هُمَا أَصَحُّ الْكُتُبِ الْمُصَنَّفَةِ أَيْ صَحِيحُ الْبُخَارِيِّ وَصَحِيحُ مُسْلِمٍ وَهُمَا أَصَحُّ الْكُتُبِ.

His saying, may Allah have mercy on him: 'Narrated by the two Imams of the Hadith scholars, Abu Abdullah Muhammad ibn Ismail ibn Ibrahim ibn al-Mughirah ibn Bardizbah al-Bukhari from Bukhara—and he is the Imam of the Hadith scholars—and Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj ibn Muslim al-Qushayri al-Naysaburi in their two Sahihs, which are the most authentic of the compiled books, meaning Sahih al-Bukhari and Sahih Muslim, and they are the most authentic of books.'

Vocabulary · المفردات (22 verbs · 46 nouns)

• أَرَادَ — to want
• كَافَأَ — to reward
• عَمِلَ — to do
• أَمْكَنَ — to be possible
• هَاجَرَ — to emigrate
• جَاءَ — to come
• ذَهَبَ — to go
• تَنَازَعَ — to dispute
• رَدَّ — to return
• تَعَلَّمَ — to learn
• تَزَوَّجَ — to marry
• خَطَبَ — to propose
• قَالَ — to say
• حَضَرَ — to attend
• أَصَابَ — to attain
• عَلِمَ — to know
• رَبِحَ — to profit
• عَزَّ — to be mighty
• جَلَّ — to be majestic
• حَصَلَ — to happen
• رَحِمَ — to have mercy
• رَوَى — to narrate
• حَدِيث — hadith
• أَوَّل — first
• عَمَل — deed
• نِيَّة — intention
• ذِرَاع — cubit
• عَظِيم — great
• مَسْأَلَة — issue
• مَوْت — death
• رَسُول — messenger
• صَلَاة — prayer
• سَلَام — peace
• جَوَاب — answer
• شَخْص — person
• مَدِينَة — city
• أَجْل — sake
• ثَرَى — soil
• هِجْرَة — emigration
• سُنَّة — tradition
• شَرْع — law
• حَثّ — encouragement
• مِثْل — example
• ذَهَاب — going
• بَلَد — country
• نُصْرَة — support
• شَرِيعَة — law
• ذَوْد — defense
• وَقْت — time
• حِين — moment
• حَال — state
• حَيَاة — life
• مَمَات — death
• نَظِير — counterpart
• قَوْل — saying
• شَيْء — thing
• دَائِم — constant
• نَفْس — self
• وَفَاة — passing
• امْرَأَة — woman
• دُنْيَا — world
• تِجَارَة — trade
• رَابِح — profitable
• إِمَام — leader
• مُحَدِّث — hadith scholar
• صَحِيح — authentic
• كِتَاب — book
• مُصَنَّف — compiled